Search results for "silicon"

showing 10 items of 1391 documents

Bioengineering of the silica-polymerizing enzyme silicatein-alpha for a targeted application to hydroxyapatite.

2009

Since its discovery, numerous biotechnological approaches have aimed to explore the silica-polymerizing catalytic activity of the enzyme silicatein. In vivo, silicatein catalyzes polymerization of amorphous silica nanospheres from soluble precursors. In vitro, it directs the formation of nanostructured biosilica. This is of interest for various applications that strive to benefit from both the advantages of the biological system (i.e., silica synthesis under physiological conditions) and the cell mineralization-stimulating effect of biosilica. However, so far immobilization of silicatein has been hampered by the complex multistep procedure required. In addition, the chemical surface modific…

Materials scienceSilicon dioxidePolymersSus scrofaBiomedical EngineeringNanofibersGlutamic AcidBioengineeringPlasma protein bindingBiochemistryBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundTissue engineeringAnimalsBone regenerationMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationEnzymes ImmobilizedSilicon DioxideCathepsinsEnzymeDurapatitechemistryBiochemistryNanofiberCrystallizationSuberitesBiotechnologyBiomedical engineeringBiomineralizationSuberitesProtein BindingActa biomaterialia
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Biomimetic chitosan-mediated synthesis in heterogeneous phase of bulk and mesoporous silica nanoparticles

2009

Both bulk and mesoporous silica nanoparticles can be obtained in the form of granular aggregates using chitosan flakes as additive under very soft biomimetic reaction conditions. Puchol Estors, Victoria, Victoria.Puchol@uv.es ; El Haskouri, Jamal, Jamal.Haskouri@uv.es ; Latorre Saborit, Julio, Julio.Latorre@uv.es ; Beltran Porter, Aurelio, Aurelio.Beltran@uv.es ; Beltran Porter, Daniel, Daniel.Beltran@uv.es ; Amoros del Toro, Pedro Jose, Pedro.Amoros@uv.es

Materials scienceSilicon dioxideUNESCO::QUÍMICANanoparticleNanotechnologyBulk:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]CatalysisChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundMicroscopy Electron TransmissionBiomimeticsPhase (matter)Materials ChemistryReaction conditionsChitosanUNESCO::QUÍMICA::Química inorgánicaMesoporus silicaMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryMesoporous silica:QUÍMICA::Química inorgánica [UNESCO]Silicon DioxideSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryMicroscopy Electron ScanningCeramics and CompositesNanoparticlesBiomimeticBulk ; Mesoporus silica ; Biomimetic ; Nanoparticles ; ChitosanChemical Communications
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Activity monitoring of a gaseous tritium source by beta induced X-ray spectrometry

2013

Abstract For monitoring and control of gaseous tritium sources in fuel circulation systems of fusion reactors beta induced X-ray spectrometry (BIXS) seems to be an applicable method. The characteristics of a BIXS monitoring setup built at TLK were examined. A low-noise silicon drift detector (SDD) was used together with two thin beryllium windows evaporated with gold films of 100 nm for efficient X-ray production. The measured X-ray intensity was proportional to the tritium partial pressure and the average detection efficiency was evaluated as 32.6 × 10−8 cps/Bq. A tritium memory effect was revealed. From the results it was concluded that such a monitoring system would be a useful complemen…

Materials scienceSilicon drift detectorSiliconMechanical EngineeringRadiochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPartial pressureFusion powerMass spectrometryNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistryBeta (plasma physics)General Materials ScienceTritiumBerylliumCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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Tb/s switching fabrics for optical interconnects using heterointegration of plasmonics and silicon photonics: The FP7 PLATON approach

2010

We present recent work that is carried out within the FP7 project PLATON on novel Tb/s switch fabric architectures and technologies for optical interconnect applications, employing heterointegration of plasmonics, silicon photonics and electronics.

Materials scienceSilicon photonicsSiliconbusiness.industryOptical interconnectchemistry.chemical_elementOptical switchMultiplexingchemistryHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSOptoelectronicsIntegrated opticsElectronicsbusinessPlasmon2010 IEEE Photinic Society's 23rd Annual Meeting
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Telecom to mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in a silicon germanium waveguide

2015

We report the first demonstration of broadband supercontinuum generation in silicon-germanium waveguides. Upon propagation of ultra-short femtosecond pulses in a 3-cm-long waveguide, the broadening extended from 1.455µm to 2.788µm (at the −30-dB point).

Materials scienceSilicon photonicsbusiness.industryMid infraredchemistry.chemical_elementWaveguide (optics)SupercontinuumSilicon-germaniumErbiumchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticschemistryBroadbandFemtosecondOptoelectronicsbusiness
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Optical propagation loss measurements in electro optical host-guest waveguides

2013

Thin organic waveguiding layers are applied more and more frequently as optical components in novel optoelectronic devices. For development of such devices it is important to know the optical properties of the used waveguides. One of the most important parameters is optical propagation loss in the waveguide. In this paper we present optical propagation loss measurements in planar electro optical waveguides using travelling fiber method. Using this method attenuation coefficient α at 633 nm as a function of chromophore concentration for the first two guiding modes in the slab waveguide was determined.

Materials scienceSilicon photonicsbusiness.industryPhysics::OpticsMicrostructured optical fiberChromophoreWaveguide (optics)PlanarOpticsAttenuation coefficientSlabOptoelectronicsFiberbusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsSPIE Proceedings
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Guiding and reflecting light by boundary material

2003

We study effects of finite height and surrounding material on photonic crystal slabs of one- and two-dimensional photonic crystals with a pseudo-spectral method and finite difference time domain simulation methods. The band gap is shown to be strongly modified by the boundary material. As an application we suggest reflection and guiding of light by patterning the material on top/below the slab.

Materials scienceSilicon photonicssilicon photonicsBand gapbusiness.industryFinite-difference time-domain methodFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics::OpticsBoundary (topology)optical waveguidesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOpticsphotonic band gap materialsReflection (physics)Slabphotonic crystal slabsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessRefractive indexPhysics - OpticsOptics (physics.optics)Photonic crystalOptics Communications
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UV-Laser Plasma Study of Elemental Distributions of Paper Coatings

1995

The potential of a laser-generated plasma method in the analysis of coating coverage, coatweight distribution, and 3D distribution of various pigments of paper coating is described. A XeCl-excimer laser (308 nm) was used to generate microscopic plasma from the paper coating, and delayed detection of silicon and calcium atomic emission line intensities was used as a measure of mass vaporized. Macroscopic areas typically 10 × 10 mm2 at a spatial resolution of 250 μm were studied. With a single laser pulse (0.2 mJ of energy), about 2 ng of coating from a volume of 30 μm in diameter and 2 μm in depth was vaporized. The method seems to be useful for characterization of multilayer coatings.

Materials scienceSilicon010401 analytical chemistryAtomic emission spectroscopyAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPlasmaengineering.materialLaser01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)law.invention010309 opticsVolume (thermodynamics)chemistryCoatinglaw0103 physical sciencesengineeringInstrumentationSpectroscopyLine (formation)Applied Spectroscopy
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Experimental Investigation of the Optimal Ingot Resistivity for both the Cell Performances and the Temperature Coefficients for Different Cell Archit…

2018

Compensation engineering enables the achievement of lower ingot resistivities with relatively constant performances along the ingot height. In this paper the impact of the bulk resistivity on the cell performances and the temperature coefficients is investigated for compensated and non-compensated multicrystalline silicon. Based on experimental data we show that reducing the bulk resistivity below a certain value improves the temperature coefficients but deteriorates the cell performances for two distinct cell architectures (AI-BSF and PERCT). Moreover this performance loss is not balanced out by the improved temperature coefficient for operating conditions below 70°C.

Materials scienceSilicon020209 energyBulk resistivitychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyConductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTemperature measurementchemistryElectrical resistivity and conductivity0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringIngotComposite material0210 nano-technologyConstant (mathematics)Temperature coefficient
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Photovoltaic facade: Comparison of actual technologies

2017

This article aims to establish the economic contribution of a photovoltaic system placed on a façade of a building, replacing traditional elements such as windows and glass-cement walls with active elements. The aim is to compare the behavior of next-generation systems, which favor architectonical integration, with traditional ones. Two novel systems have been taken into account: a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and blue and grey thin film silicon panels. Different generation systems have been tested and compared in terms of efficiency and fill factor.

Materials scienceSilicon020209 energyPhotovoltaic systemEnergy Engineering and Power Technologychemistry.chemical_elementbuilding integrated photovoltaic02 engineering and technologySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaEngineering physicsDye-sensitized solar cellchemistryPhotovoltaic module0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringEconomic contributionFacadeFill factorDSSCElectrical and Electronic EngineeringThin filmthin film silicon2017 IEEE International Telecommunications Energy Conference (INTELEC)
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