Search results for "skeleta"
showing 10 items of 3030 documents
Clinical prevalence of drooling in infant cerebral palsy
2008
Objective: To determine the prevalence and severity of drooling in infant cerebral palsy (ICP) and analyze the possible surgical, pharmacological, myofunctional and novel alternative approaches to treatment of this disorder. Methods: A clinical study is made of a group of patients with ICP (cohort) and aged between 4 and 34 years, visiting a dental clinic for disabled patients. The classification of Thomas-Stonell and Greenberg was used to assess the presence and severity of drooling. Results: Of the total of 50 patients evaluated (52% males and 48% females), 58% presented drooling (mild in 44.4% and moderate to severe in 27.7%). Conclusion: Over half of the patients with ICP presented droo…
Endocannabinoid Role in Synaptic Plasticity and Learning
2009
Endocannabinoids have recently emerged as versatile modulators of synaptic transmission and can act as retrograde neurotransmitters. As they cannot be stored in synaptic vesicles, endocannabinoid signaling is believed to start ‘on-demand,’ via a stimulus-dependent synthesis from membranous precursors at the postsynaptic site. After synthesis, endocannabinoids bind presynaptically to cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors, leading to a short- or long-term suppression of neurotransmitter release. CB1 receptors are present in a plethora of different synaptic connections in the brain. Electrophysiological and behavioral analyses of mutant mice lacking CB1 receptors and of pharmacologically treated …
Chapter 31 Transcranial magnetic stimulation studies of contralesional space attention deficits
2002
Publisher Summary The power of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to disrupt and modulate the neural activity in focal brain regions has provided researchers in this field a promising tool to empirically test specific neuropsychological models and constructs of contralesional space attention deficits. A group of studies has used TMS to transiently disrupt the cortical activity of the focal brain areas in normal subjects to replicate the effects of neurological lesions. This chapter discusses a number of studies, using single-pulse, paired-TMS, and repetitive TMS (rTMS) and different experimental paradigms that show how this technique can be of fundamental importance, in elucidating the…
Intra-Articular Injection of Botulinum Toxin for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
2023
The purpose of the present paper was to review the available evidence on intra-articular botulinum toxin (BTX) injection in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and to compare it to other conservative treatment options. A systematic review of the literature was performed on the PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Pedro and Research Gate databases with the following inclusion criteria: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs), (2) written in the English language, and (3) published on indexed journals in the last 20 years (2001–2021) dealing with the use of BTX intra-articular injection for the treatment of knee OA. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias to…
Immune-mediated rippling muscle disease with myasthenia gravis: a report of seven patients with long-term follow-up in two.
2009
We report seven patients with immune-mediated rippling muscle disease (iRMD) and AChR-antibody positive myasthenia gravis (MG) without germline caveolin-3 gene mutations. We describe the follow-up of two patients and the clinical features of five new patients (1 female, 4 male, aged 32 to 69 years). These presented with significant generalized, exercise-induced and electrically-silent muscle rippling with myalgia, combined with generalized MG. In two of the seven patients, MG appeared before iRMD. Mediastinal imaging excluded thymic alterations in all, although two had other coincident tumours. Myalgia and rippling were aggravated by acetylcholinesterase-inhibitor treatment. Generalized MG …
Myopathy with hexagonally cross-linked crystalloid inclusions: delineation of a clinico-pathological entity.
2010
A novel myopathy characterized by hexagonally cross-linked tubular arrays has been reported in five patients. We studied the clinical and histopathological features of five additional unrelated patients with this myopathy. Patients experienced exercise intolerance with exercise-induced myalgia and weakness, without rhabdomyolysis. One patient additionally presented mild permanent pelvic girdle muscle weakness. Age at onset varied between 13 and 56 years. The inclusions were eosinophilic on H and E, bright red with modified Gomori’s trichrome stains, present in type 2 fibers, and revealed immunoreactivity selectively for a caveolin-3-antibody. Ultrastructurally, the inclusions showed a highl…
Eight new mutations and the expanding phenotype variability in muscular dystrophy caused by ANO5.
2012
Objective: Description of 8 new ANO5 mutations and significant expansion of the clinical phenotype spectrum associated with previously known and unknown mutations to improve diagnostic accuracy. Methods: DNA samples of 101 patients in 95 kindreds at our quaternary referral center in Finland, who had undetermined limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), calf distal myopathy, or creatine kinase (CK) elevations of more than 2,000 IU/L, were selected for ANO5 genetic evaluation, and the clinical findings of patients with mutations were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 25 patients with muscular dystrophy caused by 11 different recessive mutations in the ANO5 gene were identified. The …
The pain threshold of high-threshold mechanosensitive receptors subsequent to maximal eccentric exercise is a potential marker in the prediction of D…
2017
Background Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) refers to dull pain and discomfort in people after participating in exercise, sport or recreational physical activities. The aim of this study was to detect underlying mechanical thresholds in an experimental model of DOMS. Methods Randomised study to detect mechanical pain thresholds in a randomised order following experimentally induced DOMS of the non-dominant arm in healthy participants. Main outcome was the detection of the pressure pain threshold (PPT), secondary thresholds included mechanical detection (MDT) and pain thresholds (MPT), pain intensity, pain perceptions and the maximum isometric voluntary force (MIVF). Results Twenty volun…
The impact of Nordic walking on bone properties in postmenopausal women with pre-diabetes and non-alcohol fatty liver disease
2021
This study investigated the impact of Nordic walking on bone properties in postmenopausal women with pre-diabetes and non-alcohol fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A total of 63 eligible women randomly participated in the Nordic walking training (AEx, n = 33), or maintained their daily lifestyle (Con, n = 30) during intervention. Bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of whole body (WB), total femur (TF), femoral neck (FN), and lumbar spine (L2-4) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum osteocalcin, pentosidine, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) levels were analyzed by ELISA assay. After an 8.6-month intervention, the AEx group maintained their BM…