Search results for "skeleton"
showing 10 items of 418 documents
Holes in teeth - Dental caries in Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Central Germany.
2015
This study provides diachronic insight into the epidemiology of carious defects in teeth of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age populations in Central Germany over a period of 4000 years. The data were retrieved from skeletal remains uncovered at 21 sites throughout the Middle Elbe-Saale region (MES), comprising a total of 494 individuals with preserved teeth. The data generated were examined for age- and sex-related differences in order to gain information about the dietary habits and socio-economic structures of the period with the goal of identifying potential diachronic changes. The results indicated that dietary habits changed over the course of the Neolithic period: the prevalence of carie…
MRI radiomics-based machine-learning classification of bone chondrosarcoma.
2019
Abstract Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of machine learning for discrimination between low-grade and high-grade cartilaginous bone tumors based on radiomic parameters extracted from unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods We retrospectively enrolled 58 patients with histologically-proven low-grade/atypical cartilaginous tumor of the appendicular skeleton (n = 26) or higher-grade chondrosarcoma (n = 32, including 16 appendicular and 16 axial lesions). They were randomly divided into training (n = 42) and test (n = 16) groups for model tuning and testing, respectively. All tumors were manually segmented on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images by drawing bidimensiona…
Desmin-related myopathies
1997
Desmin-related myopathies are marked by accumulation of desmin, which is often familial and associated with cardiomyopathy. When multifocal this excess is characterized by inclusions such as cytoplasmic or spheroid bodies, when disseminated the excess is called granulofilamentous material. Excess of desmin might represent an abnormal type of protein metabolism.
Cytoskeletal Heterogeneity of an Epithelioid Sarcoma with Expression of Vimentin, Cytokeratins, and Neurofilaments
1990
We studied an unusual sarcoma with morphologic features diagnostic of epithelioid sarcoma by conventional light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. The primary tumor, which was located in the deep soft tissues of the buttock of a 32-year-old woman, and its metastases to lymph nodes, liver, and lung were available for investigation. The histomorphological and ultrastructural appearance of the primary tumor and its metastatic deposits were typical of epithelioid sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed a strong and uniform reactivity for vimentin in both the primary tumor and its metastases. In contrast, a marked cytoskeletal heterogeneity became evident for …
Fetal akinesia caused by a novel actin filament aggregate myopathy skeletal muscle actin gene (ACTA1) mutation.
2010
We report a female newborn, diagnosed with fetal akinesia in utero, who died one hour after birth. Post-mortem muscle biopsy demonstrated actin-filament myopathy based on immunolabelling for sarcomeric actin, and large areas of filaments, without rod formation, ultrastructurally. Analysis of DNA extracted from the muscle disclosed a novel de novo heterozygous c.44G>A, GGC>GAC, 'p.Gly15Asp' mutation in the ACTA1 gene. Analysis of the location of the mutated amino-acid in the actin molecule suggests the mutation most likely causes abnormal nucleotide binding, and consequent pathological actin polymerization. This case emphasizes the association of fetal akinesia with actin-filament myopathy.
Bone age determination based on the study of the medial extremity of the clavicle
1998
The development of the medial clavicular epiphysis and its fusion with the clavicular shaft have been a subject of medical research since the second decade of this century. Computed tomography provides the imaging modality of choice in analyzing the maturation process of the sternal end of the clavicle. In a retrospective study, we analyzed normal development in 380 individuals under the age of 30 years. The appearance of an epiphyseal ossification center occurred between ages 11 and 22 years. Partial union was found from age 16 until age 26 years. Complete union was first noted at age 22 years and in 100 % of the sample at age 27 years. Based on these data, age-related standardized age dis…
Virtopsy and Living Individuals Evaluation Using Computed Tomography in Forensic Diagnostic Imaging
2019
The applications of forensic radiology involve both Virtopsy both studies on living people - to demonstrate bone age, search for foreign bodies, such as voluntary injection of drug ovules or surgical sponges accidentally forgotten, to assess gunshot wounds, to evaluate injuries by road accidents, and cases of violence or abuse (both in adults and in children). Computed tomography is the most used imaging tool used in forensic pathology and its indications are mainly focused on cases of unnatural deaths or when a crime is suspected. It is preferred over the standard autopsy in selected cases, such as in putrefied, carbonized or badly damaged bodies; or as a preliminary evaluation in mass dis…
Effects of Parietaria judaica pollen extract on human microvascular endothelial cells
2008
Abstract Pollinosis from Parietaria judaica is one of the main causes of allergy in the Mediterranean area. The present study is designed to assess if P. judaica pollens contain bioactive compounds able to elicit a functional response in endothelial cells. We have demonstrated that addition of pollen extract to human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) induces a modification of cell morphology, actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and an increase in endothelial cell permeability. We further showed that the treatment of endothelial cells with pollen extract causes an increase of E-selectin and VCAM-1 protein levels as well as an increase of IL-8 production. The stimulation of cell–ce…
Transcatheter Heart Valve Implantation in Bicuspid Patients with Self-Expanding Device
2021
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients are conventionally not treated by transcathether aortic valve implantation (TAVI) because of anatomic constraint with unfavorable outcome. Patient-specific numerical simulation of TAVI in BAV may predict important clinical insights to assess the conformability of the transcathether heart valves (THV) implanted on the aortic root of members of this challenging patient population. We aimed to develop a computational approach and virtually simulate TAVI in a group of n.6 stenotic BAV patients using the self-expanding Evolut Pro THV. Specifically, the structural mechanics were evaluated by a finite-element model to estimate the deformed THV configuration in …
TAVI imaging: over the echocardiography
2020
Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a common valvular heart disease. Recently, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has changed the treatment of severe AS in elderly patients with contraindications to traditional surgical replacement. Echocardiography is conventionally used as the first imaging modality to assess the presence and severity of AS and to provide anatomical and functional information. Nowadays, imaging techniques play a crucial role in the planning of TAVI to define suitable candidates. Computed tomography (CT) is essential to display the anatomy of the aortic valve complex (including aortic annulus, Valsalva sinuses, coronary arteries ostia, sinotubular junction), thoracoa…