Search results for "slices"

PI3K inhibition reduces murine and human liver fibrogenesis in precisioncut liver slices

2019

Background: Liver fibrosis results from continuous inflammation and injury. Despite its high prevalence worldwide, no approved antifibrotic therapies exist. Omipalisib is a selective inhibitor of the PI3K/mTOR pathway that controls nutrient metabolism, growth and proliferation. It has shown antifibrotic properties in vitro. While clinical trials for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have been initiated, an in-depth preclinical evaluation is lacking. We evaluated omipalisib's effects on fibrogenesis using the ex vivo model of murine and human precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS).Methods: Murine and human liver and jejunum PCTS were incubated with omipalisib up to 10 mu M for 48 h. PI3K pathway act…

Integrated geophysical survey in the archaeological site of Himera (Northern Sicily)

2005

Coordinated induction of drug transporters and phase I and II metabolism in human liver slices

2008

Although regulation of phase I drug metabolism in human liver is relatively well studied, the regulation of phase II enzymes and of drug transporters is incompletely characterized. Therefore, we used human liver slices to investigate the PXR, CAR and AhR-mediated induction of drug transporters and phase I and II metabolic enzymes. Precision-cut human liver slices were incubated for 5 or 24 h with prototypical inducers: phenobarbital (PB) (50 mu M) for CAR, beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) (25 mu M) for AhR, and rifampicin (RIF) (10 mu M) for PXR, and gene expression of the phase I enzymes CYP1A1, 1A2, 3A4, 3A5, 2136, 2A6, the phase II enzymes UGT1A1 and 1A6, and the transporters MRP2, MDR1, BSEP, …

Refuting the challenges of the developmental shift of polarity of GABA actions: GABA more exciting than ever!

2012

International audience; During brain development, there is a progressive reduction of intracellular chloride associated with a shift in GABA polarity: GABA depolarizes and occasionally excites immature neurons, subsequently hyperpolarizing them at later stages of development. This sequence, which has been observed in a wide range of animal species, brain structures and preparations, is thought to play an important role in activity-dependent formation and modulation of functional circuits. This sequence has also been considerably reinforced recently with new data pointing to an evolutionary preserved rule. In a recent ``Hypothesis and Theory Article,'' the excitatory action of GABA in early …

Role of 64-slices MDCT-enterography in the evaluation of patients with suspected small bowel neoplasm.

2010

Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information

Exploring organ-specific features of fibrogenesis using murine precision-cut tissue slices

2019

Fibrosis is the hallmark of pathologic tissue remodelling in most chronic diseases. Despite advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of fibrosis, it remains uncured. Fibrogenic processes share conserved core cellular and molecular pathways across organs. In this study, we aimed to elucidate shared and organ-specific features of fibrosis using murine precision-cut tissue slices (PCTS) prepared from small intestine, liver and kidneys. PCTS displayed substantial differences in their baseline gene expression profiles: 70% of the extracellular matrix (ECM)-related genes were differentially expressed across the organs. Culture for 48 h induced significant changes in ECM regulation and trig…

Cell type-specific circuits of cortical layer IV spiny neurons

2003

Sensory signal processing in cortical layer IV involves two major morphological classes of excitatory neurons: spiny stellate and pyramidal cells. It is essentially unknown how these two cell types are integrated into intracortical networks and whether they play different roles in cortical signal processing. We mapped their cell-specific intracortical afferents in rat somatosensory cortex through a combination of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and caged glutamate photolysis. Spiny stellate cells received monosynaptic excitation and inhibition originating almost exclusively from neurons located within the same barrel. Pyramidal cells, by contrast, displayed additional excitatory inputs fr…

Precision-cut liver slices: A tool to model the liver ex vivo

2013

D is ea se Precision-cut liver slices: A tool to model the liver ex vivo Peter Olinga1,2,*, Detlef Schuppan2 1Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Departement of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; 2Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany *Corresponding author. Address: Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Departement of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: + 31 50 363 8373; fax: +31 50 363 2500. *E-mail address: P.Olinga@rug.nl