Search results for "socioeconomic"
showing 10 items of 945 documents
Anthropogenic Influences in Land Use/Land Cover Changes in Mediterranean Forest Landscapes in Sicily
2016
This paper analyzes and quantifies the land use/land cover changes of the main forest and semi-natural landscape types in Sicily between 1955 and 2012. We analyzed seven representative forest and shrubland landscapes in Sicily. These study areas were chosen for their importance in the Sicilian forest panorama. We carried out a diachronic survey on historical and current aerial photos; all the aerial images used to survey the land use/land cover changes were digitalized and georeferenced in the UTM WGS84 system. In order to classify land use, the Regional Forest Inventory 2010 legend was adopted for the more recent images, and the CORINE Land Cover III level used for the older, lower resolut…
Global Perspective on Marital Satisfaction
2020
Across the world, millions of couples get married each year. One of the strongest predictors of whether partners will remain in their relationship is their reported satisfaction. Marital satisfaction is commonly found to be a key predictor of both individual and relational well-being. Despite its importance in predicting relationship longevity, there are relatively few empirical research studies examining predictors of marital satisfaction outside of a Western context. To address this gap in the literature and complete the existing knowledge about global predictors of marital satisfaction, we used an open-access database of self-reported assessments of self-reported marital satisfaction wit…
Les miraculés a bierność edukacyjna i zawodowa młodych mieszkańców wsi - case study Polska i kraje UE
2018
Poziom wykształcenia jako składnik kompetencji może odgrywać ważną rolę w określaniu szans społecznego i materialnego sukcesu, jak i w podnoszeniu jakości życia jednostek i społeczeństw, tworząc odpowiednie warunki wzrostu gospodarczego. Znajduje to odzwierciedlenie zarówno w dokumentach strategicznych Unii Europejskiej, jak i poszczególnych państw członkowskich, stając się tematem debaty publicznej. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie skali zjawiska bierności zawodowej i edukacyjnej młodzieży w wieku 15-34 lata w Polsce i w UE (młodzież NEET), w szczególności społeczności wiejskiej, w kontekście opinii mieszkańców wsi na temat wpływu wykształcenia na ich sytuację oraz oczekiwań w zakresie w…
Here and now: perceptions of Indian Ocean islanders on the climate change and migration nexus
2017
Empirical studies exploring the links between climate change and migration are increasing. Often, perceptions are not fully explored from the people most affected by the climate change and migration nexus. This article contributes to filling this gap by eliciting and analyzing perceptions regarding climate change and migration from an understudied population labelled as being amongst those most immediately and directly affected by climate change: Indian Ocean islanders. Open-ended, semi-structured interviews were conducted in two case study communities in Maldives (Kaafu Guraidhoo with 17 interviews and Raa Dhuvafaaru with 18 interviews) and two case study communities in Lakshadweep, India …
The Low Dimensionality of Development
2020
AbstractThe World Bank routinely publishes over 1500 “World Development Indicators” to track the socioeconomic development at the country level. A range of indices has been proposed to interpret this information. For instance, the “Human Development Index” was designed to specifically capture development in terms of life expectancy, education, and standard of living. However, the general question which independent dimensions are essential to capture all aspects of development still remains open. Using a nonlinear dimensionality reduction approach we aim to extract the core dimensions of development in a highly efficient way. We find that more than 90% of variance in the WDIs can be represen…
Trying to control migration between zones in the world
2019
It is a fact that migration is a worrying problem in some world areas. Literature shows many studies about it. Nevertheless, no sound solutions have been proposed. Assuming that the key implied factors are development and demography, we suggest in this research, as a first step, to state a stochastic and dynamic demographic model neither considering sexes nor ages, but including the necessary and adequate economic, education and health variables. This model will be able to optimize, by means of a genetic algorithm, the amount and proportion of the main development indicators in different areas of the world along time, in order to reach the desired values of the population present in each ar…
Effects of air pollution on dementia over Europe for present and future climate change scenarios.
2020
The scientific literature is scarce when referring to the influence of atmospheric pollutants on neurodegenerative diseases for present and future climate change scenarios. In this sense, this contribution evaluates the incidence of dementia (Alzheimer's disease, AD, and dementia from unspecified cause, DU) occurring in Europe associated with the exposure to air pollution (essentially NO2 and PM2.5) for the present climatic period (1991-2010) and for a future climate change scenario (RCP8.5, 2031-2050). The GEMM methodology has been applied to air pollution simulations using the chemistry/climate regional model WRF-Chem. Present population data were obtained from NASA's Center for Socioecon…
The impact of noise on the population of an urban centre in Valencia (Spain)
1997
Acoustic contamination in residential areas is a generalized problem. This paper reports the results of a survey trying to evaluate this contamination in the historical center of Valencia and about its effects upon that district's residents. A total of 700 residents in 11 different neighbourhoods of the city of Valencia were interviewed; at the same time environmental noise was determined at 225 different points within the area of study. In the historical center of Valencia, there exists an important problem of environmental noise and the daily levels clearly exceed the recommended limits.
The social gradient in stress and depressive symptoms among adolescent girls: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
2019
Aim: Socioeconomic inequality is found to negatively influence mental health, but studies investigating the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and specific common mental health problems such as stress and depressive symptoms in the general adolescent population are needed. Moreover, gender gaps in mental health among adolescents are evident, but there is a lack of studies that investigate socioeconomic differences in mental health within genders. As girls report consistently more depressive symptoms than do boys, this systematic review specifically investigates whether socioeconomic status is associated with stress and depressive symptoms among adolescent girls in the general p…
Intra-urban residential differentiation in the post-Soviet city: the case of Riga, Latvia
2014
Cities in many Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries have transformed rapidly since the political and socio-economic restructuring started in the early 1990s. Economi reforms, growing income inequalities, changes in housing system and selective residential mobility are resulting in increasing socio-spatial differentiation among urban neighbourhoods also in Riga. In addition, litt le is known about the ethnic dimension of intra-urban residential differentiation, despite the existence of sizeable minority populations. The focus on ethnicity is important, since Riga is the only capital city in the Baltic States where the ethnic majority is outnumbered by the non-Latvian minority. This p…