Search results for "sodium chloride"

showing 10 items of 122 documents

Administration of L-carnitine and mildronate improves endothelial function and decreases mortality in hypertensive Dahl rats.

2010

Hypertension is a well established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases and increased mortality. This study was performed to investigate the effects of the administration of L-carnitine or mildronate, an inhibitor of L-carnitine biosynthesis, or their combination on the development of hypertension-related complications in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats fed with a high salt diet. Male DS rats were fed laboratory chow containing 8% NaCl from 7 weeks of age. Experimental animals were divided into five groups and treated for 8 weeks with vehicle (water; n = 10), L-carnitine (100 mg/kg, n = 10), mildronate (100 mg/kg, n = 10) or a combination of L-carnitine and mildronate at…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyEndotheliumSodiumPopulationchemistry.chemical_elementInternal medicineCarnitinemedicineAnimalsHeart HypertrophyCarnitineEndothelial dysfunctionRisk factorSodium Chloride DietaryeducationSurvival ratePharmacologyeducation.field_of_studyRats Inbred Dahlbusiness.industryCardiovascular AgentsGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseRatsSurvival RateEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryHypertensionVitamin B ComplexEndothelium Vascularbusinessmedicine.drugMethylhydrazinesPharmacological reports : PR
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Wheeze and asthma in children: associations with body mass index, sports, television viewing, and diet.

2008

Obesity, physical activity, and dietary habits are distinct but strongly interrelated lifestyle factors that may be relevant to the prevalence of wheeze and asthma in children. Our goal was to analyze the relationship of body mass index (BMI), regular sports participation, TV viewing, and diet with current wheezing and asthma.We investigated 20,016 children, aged 6-7 years, who were enrolled in a population-based study. Parents completed standardized questionnaires. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while adjusting for several confounders and simultaneously considering BMI, regular sports activity, TV viewing and selected dietary …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelEpidemiologySettore MED/10 - MALATTIE DELL'APPARATO RESPIRATORIOBody Mass Indexbody weightchildrenWheezeEnvironmental healthSurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologymedicineHumansSodium Chloride DietaryChildExerciseLife StyleAsthmaRespiratory SoundsCross-Sectional StudieQuestionnairebusiness.industryPublic healthmedicine.diseaseObesityAsthmaDietCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsEl NiñoItalyBroadcasting of sports eventsPhysical therapyRespiratory Sounds; Questionnaires; Humans; Sodium Chloride Dietary; Asthma; Child; Exercise; Body Mass Index; Italy; Life Style; Cross-Sectional Studies; Logistic Models; Television; Diet; Male; FemaleFemaleTelevisionRespiratory Soundmedicine.symptombusinessBody mass indexHumanEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
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Changes in natriuretic peptide and cytokine plasma levels in patients with heart failure, after treatment with high dose of furosemide plus hypertoni…

2011

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Neurohormonal activation and inflammation characterizes heart failure, relates to outcome, and is a therapeutic target. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of high-dose furosemide plus small-volume hypertonic saline solutions (HSS) on natriuretic peptides and immuno-inflammatory marker levels and to analyze, after treatment, the response to acute saline loading. METHODS AND RESULTS: 120 patients with heart failure treated with high-dose furosemide+HSS (Furosemide/HSS group) were matched with: 30 subjects with heart failure treated with high-dose furosemide (furosemide group), 30 controls with asymptomatic left-ventricular dysfunction (ALVD) (asymptomatic g…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina Internamedicine.drug_classEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentSodiumMedicine (miscellaneous)chemistry.chemical_elementSodium ChlorideHeart failurenatriuretic petide cytokine furosemideAsymptomaticGastroenterologyFurosemideInternal medicineNatriuretic Peptide BrainmedicineNatriuretic peptideHumansSalineAgedAged 80 and overHeart FailureSaline Solution HypertonicNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryFurosemideMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHypertonic salineCytokineEndocrinologychemistryCase-Control StudiesHeart failureCytokinesFemalemedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinebusinessmedicine.drugNutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
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Skin Sodium Accumulates in Psoriasis and Reflects Disease Severity

2020

Sodium can accumulate in the skin at concentrations exceeding serum levels. A high sodium environment can lead to pathogenic T helper 17 cell expansion. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which IL-17. producing T helper 17 cells play a crucial role. In an observational study, we measured skin sodium content in patients with psoriasis and in age-matched healthy controls by Sodium-23 magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with PASI > 5 showed significantly higher sodium and water content in the skin but not in other tissues than those with lower PASI or healthy controls. Skin sodium concentrations measured by Sodium-23 spectroscopy or by atomic absorption spectrometry in ashed-…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySodiumchemistry.chemical_elementInflammationImiquimodDermatologySodium ChlorideLymphocyte ActivationSeverity of Illness IndexBiochemistryArticleMiceInternal medicinePsoriasismedicineExtracellularAnimalsHumansPsoriasisT helper 17 cellMolecular BiologyCells CulturedSkinintegumentary systembusiness.industrySpectrophotometry AtomicSpectrum AnalysisInterleukin-17SodiumCell DifferentiationCell Biologymedicine.diseasePathophysiologyMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistryCardiovascular and Metabolic DiseasesTh17 Cellsmedicine.symptombusinessIntracellularmedicine.drugJournal of Investigative Dermatology
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Metabolic and Cardiovascular Effects of Switching Thiazides to Amlodipine in Hypertensive Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes (the Diuretics an…

2020

Background: Different studies have indicated that thiazide diuretics can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether switching from hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) to amlodipine resulted in ameliorating different cardiovascular and metabolic measures in hypertensive patients with or without T2D. Methods: This study [Diuretics and Diabetes Control (DiaDiC)] was a 6-week, single-blind, single-center randomized controlled trial. The first 20 normal glucose-tolerant, 20 prediabetic, and 20 T2D consecutive patients were randomized to continue the previous antihypertensive treatment with HCTZ (12.5-25 mg/day) or to switch from HCTZ to amlodi…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsdiureticBlood PressureType 2 diabetesSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaInternal medicineInternal MedicineMedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodAmlodipineSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateThiazideAntihypertensive AgentsAgedtreatmentbusiness.industryDrug Substitutioncardiovascularfood and beveragesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCalcium Channel BlockersDiabetes controlHydrochlorothiazideTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2ItalyHypertensionCardiologyFemaletype 2 diabetesAmlodipinethiazidebusinessEnergy MetabolismmetabolismBiomarkersmedicine.drugMetabolic syndrome and related disorders
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Effect of Intraperitoneal Sterile Urine Injection on Abdominal Myoelectrical Activity in the Spinal Rat Model

1991

The abdominal muscle reflex contractions in response to intraperitoneal injection of homologous sterile urine and acid, alkaline, hypo- and hyperosmolar solutions are studied in an acute spinal rat model by conventional and integrated electromyographic techniques. Intraperitoneal injection of homologous sterile urine causes a powerful and almost immediate abdominal muscle contracture of relative short duration. This response seems not to be related to urine pH or osmolarity, since only when solutions with extreme variations in these parameters are injected intraperitoneally are significant abdominal muscle contractions observed.

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyUrologymedicine.medical_treatmentIntraperitoneal injectionUrineElectromyographySodium ChlorideUrineAbdominal wallInternal medicineReflexmedicineAnimalsAbdominal MusclesDecerebrate Statemedicine.diagnostic_testOsmotic concentrationElectromyographybusiness.industryOsmolar ConcentrationRats Inbred StrainsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationRatsAutonomic nervous systemEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureReflexFemaleContracturemedicine.symptombusinessInjections IntraperitonealMuscle ContractionUrologia Internationalis
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Associations between weight status and liking scores for sweet, salt and fat according to the gender in adults(The Nutrinet-Santé study)

2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: As taste preferences may be associated with obesity, the present study investigated whether obese subjects presented heightened liking for the sensations of sweet, salt and fat.SUBJECTS/METHODS: Liking scores were determined by a questionnaire including 83 items on liking for sweet or fatty foods, and the preferred extent of seasoning with salt, sweet or fat. Data from 46 909 adults included in the French web-based observational cohort of the Nutrinet-Santé study were collected and weighted according to the national population census. Relationships between liking scores and body mass index (BMI) as categorical or linear explanatory variable were assessed separately by…

Maleobesity030309 nutrition & dietetics[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMedicine (miscellaneous)goûtperceptionBody Mass Index0302 clinical medicinebody-compositionsaléDietary SucroseSex factorsSurveys and QuestionnairesMedicineFood science10. No inequality2. Zero hunger0303 health sciencesalimentationNutrition and Dieteticsdigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beverageshealthsanté humaineMiddle Agedobésiténutrition: determinantsTastesucréFemaleAdultaliment grasAdolescentFood consumptionenquête030209 endocrinology & metabolismFood PreferencesYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesSex Factorsstomatognathic system[ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyHumansSodium Chloride DietaryWeight statusbusiness.industryquestionnaireBody Weightfood-consumptionmedicine.diseasesensitivityDietary FatsObesitytaste preferencesbusinessBody mass index[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyDemography
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Influence of saline and pH on collagen type I fibrillogenesis in vitro: Fibril polymorphism and colloidal gold labelling

2007

We have produced different collagen type I fibrils by in vitro fibrillogenesis of acetic acid-soluble collagen within the pH range 2.5-9.0, in the presence and absence of 150 mM NaCl. The varying relatively stable molecular assemblies and polymorphic fibrillar end-products produced after 24 h incubation have been assessed and compared by the TEM study of specimens negatively stained with uranyl acetate. In the presence of 150 mM NaCl, the assembly of collagen at low pH (2.5) leads to the formation of initial molecular aggregates that progressively link together at slightly higher pH (5.0) to form sub-fibrils and spindle-shaped D-banded bundles of sub-fibrils. At pH 6.0 these D-banded bundle…

Materials scienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyUranyl acetateFibrillogenesisGold ColloidCell BiologyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationIn Vitro TechniquesSodium ChlorideFibrilNegative stainCollagen Type IRatsGold ColloidMicroscopy ElectronCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryStructural BiologyColloidal goldSide chainAnimalsGeneral Materials ScienceTromethamineBiomineralizationMicron
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Real-time polarimetric optical sensor using macroporous alumina membranes.

2013

We report on the demonstration of real-time refractive index sensing within 60 μm thick free-standing macroporous alumina membranes with pore diameters of 200 nm. The free-standing macroporous alumina membranes allow the analytes to flow through the pores for targeted delivery, resulting in fast sensing responses. The polarimetric measurement platform exploits the optical anisotropy of the membranes in monitoring the refractive index variations of the analytes that fill the pores, providing highly sensitive and real-time measurements. The experimental characterization of the membranes' birefringence at wavelengths of 808, 980, and 1500 nm showed a decrease in birefringence for shorter wavel…

Materials scienceTime FactorsPolarimetry02 engineering and technologySodium Chloride01 natural sciencesLight scattering010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciencesAluminum OxideAnisotropyBirefringencebusiness.industryOptical DevicesMembranes Artificial021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)6. Clean waterAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMembrane0210 nano-technologybusinessPorous mediumRefractive indexPorosityOptics letters
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Microbiological and physico-chemical aspects in dry-salted Spanish ham.

1988

The main microbiological and physico-chemical parameters in dry-salted ham previously selected were determined during the elaboration process. All determinations were performed at 2 levels: surface and internal. The selected microbiological parameters were: total aerobes, halotolerant, lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and hazardous microorganisms. NaCl, nitrate, nitrite, water activity, moisture, pH, temperature and loss of weight were selected for the physico-chemical study. All microbial groups showed a similar behaviour, increasing along the first stages up to the third month of drying, then decreasing to numbers similar to the initial ones. Only the halotolerants maintained fairly high numb…

MeatBacteriaWater activitySwineChemistryMicroorganismColony Count MicrobialTemperatureFood preservationGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationSodium ChlorideLactic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateFood PreservationYeastsEnvironmental chemistryFood MicrobiologyHalotoleranceAnimalsFood microbiologyFood scienceNitriteGeneral Agricultural and Biological Sciences
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