Search results for "soil"
showing 10 items of 3493 documents
Establishment of a commercial organic hopyard in a Mediterranean environment: Production attributes and their relationship with soil texture
2023
The cultivated hops are recently moving towards new growing areas in Southern Europe, boosted by the increasing number of craft breweries and by the higher vulnerability to climate change observed, for this crop, in the traditional growing regions. Despite this clear market and geographic trend, there is a lack of knowledge about pedoclimatic needs and agronomic performances of hops grown in the Mediterranean environment. Particularly, the agronomic potential of a new hopyard during its establishment period is poorly studied even in traditional growing zones. Moreover, a restricted number of plants were usually sampled to gather the few data available, thus leading to a probable overestimat…
Isolation Of Organophosphorus Pesticides Bacteria Degraders From Agricultural Sicilian Soils.
2009
Pesticides are generally categorized according to their great or low persistence in the environment. Although new biological, chemical, and management technologies are continually being developed to provide more sustainable production alternatives, it is expected that the use of pesticides will continue to be an essential tool in the integrated pest management. Pesticides are biologically active compounds designed to interfere with metabolic processes. Organophosphorus pesticides (OP) pesticides are less persistent than Organochlorine pesticides (OC), they are not without environmental risks, so this justifies the social concern about their level in different kind of matrices like soil, wat…
Lotus spp: biotechnological strategies to improve the bioeconomy of lowlands in the Salado River Basin (Argentina)
2016
The Salado River Basin region is the most important livestock breeding area in Argentina, wherethe Lotus species has been traditionally cultivated as forages. Nearly 60% of their land surface is dominated by salt-affected soils with severe constraints for crop cultivation. In order to cope with that limitation, farmers have utilized species such as non-native L. tenuis (ex- Lotus glaber), which shows a very good adaptation. As a result, inter-seeding of L. tenuis has been proposed as a strategy of choice for improving forage production in marginal areas. The increase in soil quality by these means is achieved by an increment of the organic matter content, improvement of soil fertility as we…
Predicting the landslides triggered by the 2009 96E/Ida tropical storms in the Ilopango caldera area (El Salvador, CA): optimizing MARS-based model b…
2019
The main topic of this research was to evaluate the effect in the performance of stochastic landslide susceptibility models, produced by differences between the triggering events of the calibration and validation datasets. In the Caldera Ilopango area (El Salvador), MARS (multivariate adaptive regression splines)-based susceptibility modeling was applied using a set of physical–environmental predictors and two remotely recognized landslide inventories: one dated at 2003 (1503 landslides), which was the result of a normal rainfall season, and one which was produced by the combined effect of the Ida hurricane and the 96E tropical depression in 2009 (2237 landslides). Both the event inventorie…
Soil carbon, multiple benefits
2014
Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:24:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-01-01 In March 2013, 40 leading experts from across the world gathered at a workshop, hosted by the European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Italy, to discuss the multiple benefits of soil carbon as part of a Rapid Assessment Process (RAP) project commissioned by Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE). This collaboration led to the publication of the SCOPE Series Volume 71 Soil Carbon: Science, Management and Policy for Multiple Benefits; which brings together the essential scientific evidence and policy opportunities regarding the global importa…
In situ Mössbauer spectroscopy: Evidence for green rust (fougerite) in a gleysol and its mineralogical transformations with time and depth
2005
Abstract A miniaturized Mossbauer spectrometer, adapted to the Earth’s conditions from the instrument developed for Mars space missions, has been used for the first time to study in situ variations with depth and transformations with time of iron minerals in a gleysol. The instrument is set into a PVC tube and can be moved up and down precisely (±1 mm) at the desired depth. Mossbauer spectra were obtained from 15 to 106 cm depth and repeated exactly at the same point at different times to follow mineralogical transformations with time. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selective extraction techniques were performed on soil samples. The piezometric level of the water table was measured and the com…
Morphological characterisation of soil structure in tilled fields: from a diagnosis method to the modelling of structural changes over time
2004
Characterisation of soit structure within the tilled layer of cultivated fields is crucial because the importance of this soil characteristic on the biological, chemical and physical properties of the soil and its repercussions on water cycle, root growth and functioning. We present in this paper a method for field characterisation of soil structure. This method, practised since the 1970s, was designed for field diagnosis of the effects of cropping systems on soil structure. It is based on a stratification of the observation face of a pit dug perpendicular to the direction of tillage and traffic: spatial compartments are distinguished, according to the nature of the mechanical stresses they…
Migration of PAHs in the arable layer of flooded soil – model experiment
2014
Soils periodically, or permanently, waterlogged and soils exposed to flood waters are heavily imperilled to pollution of inorganic and organic compounds. They are primarily compounds that are brought with the inflowing (highly loaded) floodwater and indigenously produced within the soil profile by anaerobic metabolism of the organic matter. PAHs compounds are adsorbed by the soil from the floodwaters and move in the soil profile posing a threat to groundwater. In addition, when the flood recedes, these compounds may be taken up by the crops. In this study soil pollution with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) derived from the decomposition of organic matter and silt and their migration…
Evapotranspiration simulations in ISIMIP2a-Evaluation of spatio-temporal characteristics with a comprehensive ensemble of independent datasets
2018
Actual land evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the global hydrological cycle and anessential variable determining the evolution of hydrological extreme events under different climate change scenarios. However, recently available ET products show persistent uncertainties thatare impeding a precise attribution of human-induced climate change. Here, we aim at comparing arange of independent global monthly land ET estimates with historical model simulations from theglobal water, agriculture, and biomes sectors participating in the second phase of the Inter-SectoralImpact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP2a). Among the independent estimates, we use theEartH2Observe Tier-1 dataset …
Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) productivity, proximal composition and soil parameters as affected by planting time and agronomic management in a …
2021
Study of appropriate planting time and response to agronomic management practices is imperative for the newly introduced cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.) into a semi-arid region of India. Responses of cactus pear to agronomic practices (planting time and irrigation and fertilizer application) were evaluated to determine the potential for fodder production and livestock feed in a semi-arid environment of India. We assessed four planting times (February, March, July and October) and two agronomic managements (with and without irrigation and fertilizer application) during 2016–2020 at Jhansi, India. Cactus pear establishment and growth improved with planting time in July and Octob…