Search results for "specificity"

showing 10 items of 2234 documents

HAT1 and HAT2 Proteins Are Components of a Yeast Nuclear Histone Acetyltransferase Enzyme Specific for Free Histone H4

1998

We have analyzed the histone acetyltransferase enzymes obtained from a series of yeast hat1, hat2, and gcn5 single mutants and hat1,hat2 and hat1,gcn5 double mutants. Extracts prepared from both hat1 and hat2 mutant strains specifically lack the following two histone acetyltransferase activities: the well known cytoplasmic type B enzyme and a free histone H4-specific histone acetyltransferase located in the nucleus. The catalytic subunits of both cytoplasmic and nuclear enzymes have identical molecular masses (42 kDa), the same as that of HAT1. However, the cytoplasmic complex has a molecular mass (150 kDa) greater than that of the nuclear complex (110 kDa). The possible functions of HAT1 a…

Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsMolecular Sequence DataSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyBiochemistryCatalysisSubstrate SpecificityHistonesHistone H4Histone H1AcetyltransferasesHistone H2AHistone octamerMolecular BiologyHistone AcetyltransferasesCell NucleusHistone AcetyltransferasesBase SequenceAcetylationCell BiologyHistone acetyltransferaseMolecular WeightPhenotypeOligodeoxyribonucleotidesBiochemistryMutagenesisHistone methyltransferasebiology.proteinHAT1Journal of Biological Chemistry
researchProduct

The yeast histone acetyltransferase A2 complex, but not free Gcn5p, binds stably to nucleosomal arrays.

2000

We have investigated the structural basis for the differential catalytic function of the yeast Gcn5p-containing histone acetyltransferase (HAT) A2 complex and free recombinant yeast Gcn5p (rGcn5p). HAT A2 is shown to be a unique complex that contains Gcn5p, Ada2p, and Ada3p, but not proteins specific to other related HAT A complexes, e.g. ADA, SAGA. Nevertheless, HAT A2 produces the same unique polyacetylation pattern of nucleosomal substrates reported previously for ADA and SAGA, demonstrating that proteins specific to the ADA and SAGA complexes do not influence the enzymatic activity of Gcn5p within the HAT A2 complex. To investigate the role of substrate interactions in the differential …

Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyBiochemistrySubstrate SpecificityFungal ProteinsHistonesTetramerAcetyl Coenzyme AAcetyltransferasesparasitic diseasesCentrifugation Density GradientAnimalsMolecular BiologyHistone Acetyltransferaseschemistry.chemical_classificationSubstrate (chemistry)AcetylationCell BiologyHistone acetyltransferaseYeastChromatinRecombinant ProteinsTrypsinizationNucleosomesN-terminusDNA-Binding Proteinsenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)EnzymechemistryBiochemistryAcetylationBiophysicsbiology.proteinChickensProtein KinasesThe Journal of biological chemistry
researchProduct

Comparison of the killer toxin of several yeasts and the purification of a toxin of type K2

1984

A total of 13 killer toxin producing strains belonging to the genera Saccharomyces, Candida and Pichia were tested against each other and against a sensitive yeast strain. Based on the activity of the toxins 4 different toxins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 different toxins of Pichia and one toxin of Candida were recognized. The culture filtrate of Pichia and Candida showed a much smaller activity than the strains of Saccharomyces. Extracellular killer toxins of 3 types of Saccharomyces were concentrated and partially purified. The pH optimum and the isoelectric point were determined. The killer toxins of S. cerevisiae strain NCYC 738, strain 399 and strain 28 were glycoproteins and had a m…

Saccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaemedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryMicrobiologySaccharomycesPichiaMicrobiologySpecies SpecificityYeastsGeneticsExtracellularmedicineIsoelectric PointAmino AcidsMolecular BiologyCandidaPichiachemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyStrain (chemistry)ToxinTemperatureGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMycotoxinsbiology.organism_classificationKiller Factors YeastMolecular WeightIsoelectric pointchemistryBiochemistryGlycoproteinArchives of Microbiology
researchProduct

Fungal Assemblages Associated with Roots of Halophytic and Non-halophytic Plant Species Vary Differentially Along a Salinity Gradient

2012

Structure of fungal communities is known to be influenced by host plants and environmental conditions. However, in most cases, the dynamics of these variation patterns are poorly understood. In this work, we compared richness, diversity, and composition between assemblages of endophytic and rhizospheric fungi associated to roots of two plants with different lifestyles: the halophyte Inula crithmoides and the non-halophyte I. viscosa (syn. Dittrichia viscosa L.), along a spatially short salinity gradient. Roots and rhizospheric soil from these plants were collected at three points between a salt marsh and a sand dune, and fungi were isolated and characterized by ITS rDNA sequencing. Isolates…

SalinitySoil salinityInula crithmoideSoil ScienceSodium ChlorideEndophyteDNA RibosomalPlant RootsPlant use of endophytic fungi in defenseSoilAscomycotaSpecies SpecificityHalophyteBotanyDNA Ribosomal SpacerDittrichia viscosaEndophytesLife ScienceOtusDNA FungalEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhylogenySoil Microbiologygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryEcologybiologyEcologyBasidiomycotaFungiSalt-Tolerant PlantsSequence Analysis DNAPlantsDittrichia viscosabiology.organism_classificationAscomycota; Basidiomycota; Dittrichia viscosa; Fungi; Inula; Inula crithmoides; OtusSalinitySalt marshInulaSpecies richness
researchProduct

Infrared based saliva screening test for COVID‐19

2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an unprecedented need for diagnostic testing that is critical in controlling the spread of COVID-19. We propose a portable infrared spectrometer with purpose-built transflection accessory for rapid point-of-care detection of COVID-19 markers in saliva. Initially, purified virion particles were characterized with Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron infrared (IR) and AFM-IR. A data set comprising 171 transflection infrared spectra from 29 subjects testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR and 28 testing negative, was modeled using Monte Carlo Double Cross Validation with 50 randomized test and model sets. The testing se…

SalivaMaterials scienceCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Spectrophotometry InfraredInfraredPoint-of-care testingInfrared spectroscopy010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesProof of Concept StudySensitivity and SpecificityCatalysisSpecimen HandlingCohort Studies03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCOVID-19 TestingSpectrophotometryChlorocebus aethiopsmedicineCOVID-19 diagnostic infrared spectroscopy Raman spectroscopy saliva SARS-CoV-2 virionsAnimalsHumansQDLeast-Squares AnalysisSalivaVero CellsMass screening030304 developmental biologyDetection limit0303 health sciencessalivaChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_test010405 organic chemistrySARS-CoV-2COVID-19Discriminant AnalysisGeneral Chemistry030206 dentistryGeneral Medicine0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthPoint-of-Care TestingMonte Carlo MethodATR-FTIRResearch ArticleAngewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
researchProduct

Expression of human estrogen sulfotransferase in Salmonella typhimurium: differences between hHST and hEST in the enantioselective activation of 1-hy…

1998

Various human sulfotransferases (hP-PST, hM-PST, hHST) and rat sulfotransferases (rPST-IV, rHSTa) have already been expressed in Ames' Salmonella strains (in particular in TA1538). Now a further strain, TA1538-hEST, which expresses the human estrogen sulfotransferase (hEST), has been constructed. This strain activated the primary benzylic alcohol 1-hydroxymethylpyrene (1-HMP) and the secondary benzylic alcohol 1-hydroxyethylpyrene (1-HEP) to mutagens. Human sulfotransferases hEST and hHST both activated 1-HEP, but they differed substantially in their enantioselectivity for this compound.

Salmonella typhimuriumSalmonellaBlotting WesternMutagenStereoisomerismToxicologymedicine.disease_causeAmes testSubstrate SpecificityCytosolmedicineAnimalsHumansEstrogen SulfotransferaseBenzyl AlcoholsStrain (chemistry)ChemistryMutagenicity Testsfood and beveragesStereoisomerismGeneral MedicineRatsBlotBiochemistryHeterologous expressionSulfotransferasesMutagensChemico-biological interactions
researchProduct

Increase of sensitivity and validity of the SOS/umu-test after replacement of the beta-galactosidase reporter gene with luciferase.

1998

The SOS/umu-test with Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 as tester strain is a rapid and valuable bacterial assay for screening of umuC-dependent mutagenic potential of chemical compounds and chemicals relevant to environmental pollution. The initial assay was modified by replacing the beta-galactosidase reporter gene with luciferase. Thereby, the sensitivity of the umu-test was increased significantly and the susceptibility to intensively coloured solutions was reduced. The alternative enzyme assay in the modified umu-test (umu-Luc) represents an independent method which allows to confirm the colorimetric results obtained with the original SOS/umu-test system (umu-Gal) by measuring the …

Salmonella typhimuriumSalmonellaHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBlotting WesternRestriction MappingEnvironmental pollutionmedicine.disease_causeSensitivity and SpecificityGenes ReporterGeneticsmedicineLuciferaseSOS responseLuciferasesSOS Response GeneticsGeneticsReporter genebiologyStrain (chemistry)ChemistryReproducibility of Resultsbeta-GalactosidaseMolecular biologyEnzyme assaybiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelGenotoxicityMutation research
researchProduct

Novel Glutamate–Putrescine Ligase Activity in Haloferax mediterranei: A New Function for glnA-2 Gene

2021

This article belongs to the Section Cellular Biochemistry.

Salmonella typhimuriumTranscription GeneticNitrogen assimilationHaloferax mediterraneiGene ExpressionBiochemistryGlutamate-putrescine ligase activitySubstrate SpecificityLigasesAdenosine TriphosphateputrescineCloning MolecularPhylogenyhaloarchaeachemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiologyChemistryHaloarchaeaEscherichia coli Proteinsglutamine synthetaseBioquímica y Biología MolecularQR1-502Recombinant ProteinsNitrogen assimilationHaloferax mediterraneiIsoenzymesBiochemistryArchaeal ProteinsGenetic VectorsGlutamic AcidGlutamate–putrescine ligaseMicrobiologyArticleglutamate–putrescine ligaseGlutamine synthetase03 medical and health sciencesAmmoniaGlutamine synthetaseNitrogen FixationEscherichia coliPutrescineAmino Acid SequenceMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyDNA ligaseSequence Homology Amino Acid030306 microbiologyComputational Biologynitrogen assimilationbiology.organism_classificationMetabolic pathwayEnzymeProtein BiosynthesisHaloarchaeaGene Expression Regulation ArchaealSequence AlignmentBiomolecules
researchProduct

Centromeric heterochromatin and satellite DNA in the Chironomus plumosus species group

1994

Species of the Chironomus plumosus group display significant differences in their amount of centromeric heterochromatin. A tandem-repetitive satellite-like DNA has been isolated from C. plumosus. This DNA accounts for a major part of the centromeric heterochromatin. The DNA element has a Sau3AI restriction site ("Sau elements") and a monomer length of 165 or 166 bp. It is A-T rich (73%) and reveals a moderate DNA curvature, as shown by gel migration and computer analysis. The chromosomal localization and genomic organization of Sau elements were studied in 24 Chironomus species by in situ hybridization and (or) Southern analysis. The DNA is predominantly located in the centromeric regions …

Satellite DNACentromereMolecular Sequence DataIn situ hybridizationDNA SatelliteChironomidaechemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificityHeterochromatinCentromereGeneticsAnimalsChironomus plumosusCloning MolecularDeoxyribonucleases Type II Site-SpecificMolecular BiologyIn Situ HybridizationPhylogenyGenomic organizationGeneticsBase SequencebiologySequence Analysis DNAGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyRestriction sitechemistryNucleic Acid ConformationChironomusDNABiotechnologyGenome
researchProduct

In vitro perception of low-contrast features in digital, film, and digitized dental radiographs: A receiver operating characteristic analysis

2005

Objective To compare experimentally the image quality of charged-coupled device (CCD)-based digital, flatbed scanner digitized, and dental film radiographs. Study design High-contrast standardized radiographs of an aluminum step wedge containing boreholes were obtained on dental radiographic film (F) and a CCD receptor (D). Digitization (S) was done with a flatbed scanner. Each radiograph was separated into 23 single images, 18 of which showed a dark spot. Thirty observers indicated their confidence on the visibility of the spots for a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results Mean Az values (area beneath the ROC curves) differed significantly (P < .05), being highest for D …

ScannerImage qualityRadiographymedia_common.quotation_subjectContrast MediaSensitivity and SpecificityLow contrastRadiography DentalStep wedgeContrast (vision)X-Ray Intensifying ScreensGeneral Dentistrymedia_commonMathematicsReceiver operating characteristic analysisReceiver operating characteristicPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industryX-Ray FilmRadiography Dental DigitalRadiographic Image EnhancementROC CurveSemiconductorsOtorhinolaryngologySurgeryOral SurgerybusinessNuclear medicineOral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology
researchProduct