Search results for "speech"

Do deaf children use phonological syllables as reading units?

2004

This study aimed at examining whether deaf children process written words on the basis of phonological units. In French, the syllable is a phonologically and orthographically well-defined unit. French deaf children and hearing children matched on word recognition level were asked to copy written words and pseudo-words. The number of glances at the item, copying duration, and the locus of the first segmentation (i.e., after the first glance) within the item were measured. The main question was whether the segments copied by the deaf children corresponded to syllables as defined by phonological and orthographic rules.The results showed that deaf children, like hearing children, used syllables…

Evaluación Docente y Mejora Profesional. Descubrir el Encanto de su Complicidad

2021

Actualmente, nos encontramos en un momento óptimo y crucial, lleno de complejidad y con unas grandes necesidades de progresar y mejorar tras los meses de pandemia vividos tras el COVID-19. Aunque España, es uno de los países en los que apenas se ha abordado la evaluación docente, ésta debería de ir caminando hacia una corriente vinculada con el desarrollo docente, a través de procesos autoevaluativos. La razón de ser de este articulo radica, a través de los comentarios que vamos a presentar, en tratar de despertar la complicidad entre la evaluación docente y su incidencia en la mejora y desarrollo tanto profesional como personal. Si el profesorado descubriera el encanto que conlleva hacer u…

Early ERP Evidence for Children’s and Adult’s Sensitivity to Scalar Implicatures Triggered by Existential Quantifiers (Some)

2021

How quickly do children and adults interpret scalar lexical items in speech processing? The current study examined interpretation of the scalar terms some vs. all in contexts where either the stronger (some = not all) or the weaker interpretation was permissible (some allows all). Children and adults showed increased negative deflections in brain activity following the word some in some-infelicitous versus some-felicitous contexts. This effect was found as early as 100 ms across central electrode sites (in children), and 300–500 ms across left frontal, fronto-central, and centro-parietal electrode sites (in children and adults). These results strongly suggest that young children (aged betwe…

Cortical organization of auditory speech perception in children and its correlation with cognitive skills

2012

On the role of consonants and vowels in visual-word processing: Evidence with a letter search paradigm

2010

Prior research has shown that the search function in the visual letter search task may reflect the regularities of the orthographic structure of a given script. In the present experiment, we examined whether the search function of letter detection was sensitive to consonant-vowel status of a pre-cued letter. Participants had to detect the presence/absence of a previously cued letter target (either vowel or consonant) at the initial, central or final position in a five-letter Spanish word or pseudoword. Results showed a significant effect of consonant-vowel status on letter search function which paralleled the orthographic constraints of Spanish. When searching for a consonant, participants …

Theta and gamma oscillations in the rat hippocampus during attentive lever pressing

2018

AbstractThe hippocampus is known to be pivotal for spatial memory but emerging evidence suggests its contribution to temporal memories as well. However, it is not clear how the hippocampus represents time and how it synchronizes spatial and temporal presentations into a coherent memory. We assessed the specific role of hippocampal theta and gamma oscillations and their interaction in short-term timing of motor reactions. Rats were trained to maintain lever pressing for 2.5 s and then to quickly release the lever and retrieve water reward from a nearby water port guided by a cue light. In essence, this task allows observation of hippocampal rhythms during timed anticipation when no overt mov…

Differentiation in language and gesture use during early bilingual development of hearing children of Deaf parents

2014

Hearing children of Deaf parents simultaneously acquire sign language and spoken language, which have many structural differences and represent two different modalities. We video-recorded eight children every six months between the ages of 12 and 24 months during three different play sessions: with their Deaf parent, with the Deaf parent and a hearing adult, and with a hearing adult alone. Additionally, we collected data on their vocabulary development in both sign language and spoken language. Children as young as 12 months old accommodated their language use according to the language(s) of their interlocutor(s). Additionally, the children used a manual modality that included gestures more…

How adolescents navigate Wikipedia to answer questions / ¿Cómo navegan los adolescentes en Wikipedia para contestar preguntas?

2015

AbstractIn one experiment, we explored how high school students use hyperlink relevance cues while they navigate to answer questions from hypertexts. Current evidence has shown that students may navigate by either performing a deep semantic analysis of the relationship between the question and the existing hyperlinks, or by matching words in the question to words in the hyperlink labels. We focused on how students combine both cues during navigation, and how comprehension skills relate to the use of such cues. Our study revealed that 14 year old students (N = 53) selected hyperlinks by relying to a similar degree on both word matching and semantic overlap. Furthermore, when there was a conf…

Scanning and deep processing of information in hypertext: an eye tracking and cued retrospective think-aloud study

2016

When students solve problems on the Internet, they have to find a balance between quickly scanning large sections of information in web pages and deeply processing those that are relevant for the task. We studied how high school students articulate scanning and deeper processing of information while answering questions using a Wikipedia document, and how their reading comprehension skills and the question type interact with these processes. By analyzing retrospective think-aloud protocols and eye-tracking measures, we found that scanning of information led to poor hypertext comprehension, while deep processing of information produced better performance, especially in location questions. Thi…

Alternative Strategies in Processing 3D Objects Diagrams: Static, Animated and Interactive Presentation of a Mental Rotation Test in an Eye Movements…

2014

Spatial abilities involved in reasoning with diagrams have been assessed using tests supposed to require mental rotation (cube figures of the Vandenberg & Kruse). However, Hegarty (2010) described alternative strategies: Mental rotation is not always used; analytical strategies can be used instead. In this study, we compared three groups of participants in three external formats of presentation of the referent figure in the Vandenberg & Kruse test: static, animated, interactive. During the test, participants were eye tracked. After the test, they were interrogated on their strategies for each item during the viewing of the replay of their own eye movement in a cued retrospective verbal prot…