Search results for "spin"

showing 10 items of 5044 documents

Verification of a commercial implementation of the Macro-Monte-Carlo electron dose calculation algorithm using the virtual accelerator approach.

2009

Abstract In this work, the accuracy of the implementation of the Macro Monte Carlo electron dose calculation algorithm into the radiation therapy treatment planning system Eclipse is evaluated. This implementation – called eMC – uses a particle source based on the Rotterdam Initial Phase-Space model. A three-dimensional comparison of eMC calculated dose to dose distributions resulting from full treatment head simulations with the Monte Carlo code package EGSnrc is performed using the ‘virtual accelerator’ approach. Calculated dose distributions are compared for a homogeneous tissue equivalent phantom and a water phantom with air and bone inhomogeneities. The performance of the eMC algorithm…

medicine.medical_specialtyMonte Carlo methodBiophysicsElectronsImaging phantomUser-Computer InterfaceElectron dosemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMedical physicsMacroLungEclipsePhysicsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedCalculation algorithmWaterRadiotherapy DosageSpineComputational physicsRadiographyTracheaTissue equivalentHomogeneousHeadMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsZeitschrift fur medizinische Physik
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Design and Validation of an Expanded Disability Status Scale Model in Multiple Sclerosis.

2020

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> We aimed to develop and validate an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) model through clinical, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty-four multiple sclerosis (MS) patients underwent peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer and segmented macular layers evaluation through OCT (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering). Brain parenchymal fraction was quantified through Freesurfer, while cervical spinal cord (SC) volume was assessed manually guided by Spinal Cord Toolbox software analysis. EDSS, neuroradiological, and OCT assessment were carried out …

medicine.medical_specialtyMultiple Sclerosisgenetic structuresPhysics::Medical PhysicsNerve fiber layerOrdinal regressionRetinaExpanded disability status scale Magnetic resonance imaging Multiple sclerosis Spectral domain optical coherence tomography Spinal cordDisability EvaluationOptical coherence tomographyOphthalmologyHumansMedicineCutoffExpanded Disability Status Scalemedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisBrainMagnetic resonance imagingmedicine.diseaseSpinal cordMagnetic Resonance Imagingeye diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyNeurology (clinical)sense organsbusinessTomography Optical Coherence
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Impact of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures on quality-of-life. a population-based study in Valencia, Spain (The FRAVO Study)

2011

Abstract Background To describe the health related quality of life in a population sample of postmenopausal women over the age of 50 and resident in the city of Valencia (Spain), according to the presence/absence of osteoporosis and the severity of prevalent morphometric vertebral fractures. Methods A cross-sectional age-stratified population-based sample of 804 postmenopausal women of 50 years of age and older were assessed with the SF-12 questionnaire. Information about demographic features, lifestyle, clinical features, educational level, anti-osteoporotic and other treatments, comorbidities and risk factors for osteoporosis were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire …

medicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisCross-sectional studyOsteoporosisPopulationHypoestrogenismlcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsQuality of lifeSickness Impact ProfilemedicinePrevalenceHumanseducationOsteoporosis PostmenopausalAgededucation.field_of_studybusiness.industryResearchConfoundingPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesityRadiographyCross-Sectional StudiesSpainPhysical therapyQuality of LifeSpinal Fractureslcsh:R858-859.7FemalebusinessOsteoporotic FracturesHealth and Quality of Life Outcomes
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Effects of electrical stimulation pattern on quadriceps isometric force and fatigue in individuals with spinal cord injury

2015

Introduction Variable frequency trains (VFT) or train combinations have been suggested as useful strategies to offset the rapid fatigue induced by constant frequency trains (CFT) during electrical stimulation. However, most studies have been of short duration with limited functional application in those with spinal cord injury (SCI). We therefore tested force and fatigue in response to VFT, CFT, and combined patterns in strength training-like conditions (6-s contractions). Methods Ten SCI individuals underwent either CFT or VFT patterns until target torque was no longer produced and then switched immediately to the other pattern. Results Target torque was reached more times when VFT was use…

medicine.medical_specialtyMuscle fatiguePhysiologybusiness.industryStimulationIsometric exercisemedicine.diseaseCellular and Molecular NeurosciencePhysical medicine and rehabilitationMuscle nervePhysiology (medical)medicinePhysical therapyFunctional electrical stimulationConstant frequencyNeurology (clinical)businessSpinal cord injuryShort durationMuscle & Nerve
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Neurodegenerative changes are prevented by Erythropoietin in the pmn model of motoneuron degeneration

2014

Motoneuron diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterized by a progressive loss of motoneurons, muscle weakness and premature death. The progressive motor neuronopathy (pmn) mutant mouse has been considered a good model for the autosomal recessive childhood form of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of Erythropoietin (Epo) on this mutant mouse. Symptomatic or pre-symptomatic treatment with Epo significantly prolongs lifespan by 84.6% or 87.2% respectively. Epo preserves muscle strength and significantly attenuates behavioural motor deficits of mutant pmn mice. Histological and metabolic changes in the spinal cord evaluated by immunoh…

medicine.medical_specialtyMutantMotor ActivitySpinal Muscular Atrophies of ChildhoodMiceCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceWestern blotInternal medicineReceptors ErythropoietinmedicineAnimalsErythropoietinMotor NeuronsPharmacologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMuscle weaknessSpinal muscular atrophymedicine.diseaseSpinal cordSMA*Mice Mutant StrainsDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologySpinal CordErythropoietinImmunohistochemistrymedicine.symptombusinessNeurosciencemedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Surgical nuances on the treatment of giant dumbbell cervical spine schwannomas: description of a challenging case and review of the literature

2016

We report a case of a giant intra and extradural cervical schwannoma in a patient affected by a severe myelo-radiculopathy. Clinical features, diagnosis and the issues concerning the surgical management of this benign tumor are discussed. We also review similar cases previously reported in the literature. A 50-year old caucasian woman was complaining of a 1 year of neck pain and worsening motor impairment in all four limbs causing the inability to walk. Neuroradiological assessment revealed a suspected schwannoma involving the nerve roots from C3 to C5, compressing and deviating the spinal cord. The vertebral artery was also encased within the lesion, but still patent. A posterior cervical …

medicine.medical_specialtyNeck painbusiness.industryVertebral arteryCase ReportDermatologySchwannomamedicine.diseaseSpinal cordSurgeryBenign tumorLesion03 medical and health sciencesDissection0302 clinical medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyVertebral fixation030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicine.arterymedicinemedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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The laparoscopic implantation of neuroprothesis (LION) procedure to control intractable abdomino-pelvic neuralgia

2011

Objective. To present different aspects and advantages of the laparoscopic implantation of a peripheral nerve stimulator adjacent to the pelvic nerves, aimed at treating intractable pelvic neuralgia by means of neuromodulation - the laparoscopic implantation of neuroprothesis (LION) procedure. Materials and Methods. We report here a series of three patients with different types and etiologies of chronic pelvic neuralgia who underwent laparoscopy for implantation of a peripheral nerve stimulator for neuromodulation, the first for neuromodulation of the ilioinguinal and pudendal nerves, the second for neuromodulation of the sciatic nerve, and the third for neuromodulation of the sacral nerve …

medicine.medical_specialtyNerve injuryMononeuropathymedicineLaparoscopyNeuroscience (all)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineNerve injuryPeripheral neuromodulationmedicine.diseaseSpinal cordNeuromodulation (medicine)Surgerybody regionsmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiology and Pain MedicineNeurologyLION procedureNeuralgiaSacral nerveLION procedure; Pelvic neuralgia; Peripheral neuromodulationNeurology (clinical)Sciatic nervePelvic neuralgiamedicine.symptombusiness
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Overview of Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery

2020

Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has continued to evolve over the past few decades, with significant advancements in technology and technical skills. From endonasal cervical approaches to extreme lateral lumbar interbody fusions, MISS has showcased its usefulness across all practice areas of the spine, with unique points of access to avoid pertinent neurovascular structures. Adult spine deformity has also recognized the importance of minimally invasive techniques in its ability to limit complications and to provide adequate sagittal alignment correction and improvements in patients' functional status. Although MISS has continued to make significant progress clinically, consideration …

medicine.medical_specialtyNeurosurgical Procedures03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLumbarSpine deformitymedicineHumansMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresSagittal alignmentIn patientSpinal Cord Injuriesbusiness.industryGeneral surgeryMinimally invasive spine surgeryNeurovascular bundleSpineCervical spine Spine Lumbar spine Minimally invasive Thoracic spine Value Humans Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures Neurosurgical Procedures Spinal Cord Injuries Spinal Diseases Spinal FusionSpinal FusionLearning curve030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSpinal DiseasesSurgeryFunctional statusNeurology (clinical)business030217 neurology & neurosurgeryWorld Neurosurgery
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Myositis ossificans progressiva

1992

medicine.medical_specialtyOssificationbusiness.industryRadiographyMyositis ossificansEctopic ossificationmedicine.diseaseCervical spinemedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiologymedicine.symptomDifferential diagnosisbusinessRöFo - Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren
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Percutaneous osteoplasty in treatment of bone lymphangiomatosis

2013

Primary bone lymphangiomatosis is a disease of unknown etiology that can cause lytic lesions in long bones, the pelvis, the spinal column and the cranium. We are presenting the case of a woman with localized bone lymphangiomatosis in the left knee. The authors believe this is the first case in which percutaneous osteoplasty was used in long bones for the treatment of bone lesions resulting from this disease showing good clinical results.

medicine.medical_specialtyOsteoplastyPercutaneouskneeCase Reportosteoplastylymphangiomatosislcsh:Orthopedic surgerymedicineOrthopedics and Sports MedicineBoneLymphangiomatosisPelvisbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseSpinal columnSurgerylcsh:RD701-811Primary bonemedicine.anatomical_structurepercutaneousOrthopedic surgeryPercutaneous OsteoplastyRadiologybusiness
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