Search results for "squamous"

Salivary Biomarkers for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis and Follow-Up: Current Status and Perspectives.

2019

Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer type in the world, and 90% of it is represented by oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite progress in preventive and therapeutic strategies, delay in OSCC diagnosis remains one of the major causes of high morbidity and mortality; indeed the majority of OSCC has been lately identified in the advanced clinical stage (i.e., III or IV). Moreover, after primary treatment, recurrences and/or metastases are found in more than half of the patients (80% of cases within the first 2 years) and the 5-year survival rate is still lower than 50%, resulting in a serious issue for public health. Currently, histological investigation represents the “gold stan…

Molecular landscape of esophageal cancer: implications for early detection and personalized therapy

2018

Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most lethal cancers and a public health concern worldwide, owing to late diagnosis and lack of efficient treatment. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are main histopathological subtypes of EC that show striking differences in geographical distribution, possibly due to differences in exposure to risk factors and lifestyles. ESCC and EAC are distinct diseases in terms of cell of origin, epidemiology, and molecular architecture of tumor cells. Past efforts aimed at translating potential molecular candidates into clinical practice proved to be challenging, underscoring the need for identifying novel candidates for …

Treatment patterns in elderly patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (LA-HNSCC): Results from an EORTC led survey

2018

Anticancer properties of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives depend on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)

2017

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play an important role in numerous chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis and cancer, and PPAR modulators are among the approved drugs and drug-candidates for their treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate the involvement of PPARs in the mechanism of cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic action of novel anticancer 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (Les-2194, Les-3377, Les-3640) and approved 4-thiazolidinones (Rosiglitazone, Pioglitazone) towards the human squamous carcinoma (SCC-15) cell line. Experiments with 4-thiazaolidinone derivatives and PPAR-specific siRNA were conducted and PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ mRNA expression was …

A case report of Muir-Torre syndrome in a woman with breast cancer and MSI-Low skin squamous cell carcinoma.

2017

IF 1.590; International audience; Background: The tumor spectrum in the Lynch syndrome is well defined, comprising an increased risk of developing colonic and extracolonic malignancies. Muir-Torre syndrome is a variant with a higher risk of skin disease. Patients have been described carrying mutations in the mismatch repair genes and presenting tumors with unusual histology or affected organ not part of the Lynch syndrome spectrum. Hence, the real link between Lynch syndrome, or Muir-Torre syndrome, and these tumors remains difficult to assess.Case presentation: We present the case of a 45-year-old-woman, diagnosed with breast cancer at 39 years of age and skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)…

Podoplanin expression in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma

2017

Background Podoplanin is a type I transmembrane sialomucin-like glycoprotein that is specifically expressed in lymphatic endothelial cells. Studies have shown that assessment of podoplanin expression in the epithelial cells can be used to predict the malignant transformation of potentially malignant disorders and the metastatic tendency of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of our study was to compare the expression of podoplanin in oral leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma with that in normal buccal mucosa by immunohistochemical methods. Material and methods Immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin was analyzed in 20 cases each of or…

The expression and prognostic relevance of programmed cell death protein 1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma

2020

Background Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) is an immune checkpoint receptor which plays an important role in a patient´s immune responses to microbial and cancer antigens. It is expressed in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) with many different malignancies. The aim of the study was to evaluate PD‐1 expression and its prognostic value in tongue cancer. Methods The data of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) patients (N=81) treated in Tampere University Hospital between 1999‐2013 was used. Control data consisted of patients with non‐malignant tongue mucous membrane lesions (N=48). The formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded samples were stained immunohistochemically and scanned via dig…

A Tuft Cell-Like Signature Is Highly Prevalent in Thymic Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Delineates New Molecular Subsets Among the Major Lung Cancer His…

2020

Abstract Introduction In-depth genomic characterization of thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), comprising thymomas and thymic carcinomas (TCs), failed to identify targetable mutations and suggested unique biology of TETs, including KIT expression in most TCs. Recently, tuft cell–like medullary thymic epithelial cells were identified in the murine thymus, and our reanalysis of the published gene expression data revealed that these cells express KIT. In addition, recently, a minor subset of SCLCs with tuft cell–like features was described. Methods We interrogated mRNA expression data from our tumor cohorts (N = 60) and publicly available, independent data sets from TETs and NSCLC (N = 1199) for …

Multikinase inhibitors sorafenib and sunitinib as radiosensitizers in head and neck cancer cell lines

2017

Background Radioresistance is a common feature of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We previously showed that the irradiation- activated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-axis is fundamental for the survival of resistant tumors. In this study, we examined if treatment with potent multikinase (MK) inhibitors, sorafenib and sunitinib, could radiosensitize tumor cells. Methods Cultured HNSCC cell lines were treated with inhibitors and subsequently irradiated. Radiosensitizing effects were functionally assessed by annexin-V apoptosis and clonogenic assays and confirmed by Western blot. Additionally, we surveyed human HNSCC tissue …

Utilizing the nanosecond pulse technique to improve antigen intracellular delivery and presentation to treat tongue squamous cell carcinoma

2017

Background Tongue squamous cell carcinoma is the most common squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Immunotherapy has great potential in the treatment of tongue squamous cell carcinoma because of its unique advantages. However, the efficacy of immunotherapy is limited by the efficiency of antigen phagocytosis by immune cells. Material and Methods We extracted dendritic cells (DCs) from human peripheral blood. Utilizing a nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF), we deliver the tumour lysate protein into DCs and then incubate the DCs with PBMCs to obtain specific T cells to kill tumour cells. The biosafety of nsPEF was evaluated by the ANNEXIN V-FITC/PI kit. The efficacy of lysate pro…