Search results for "standardointi"

The application of the SMETA audit protocol on the management of the CSR of Peruvian companies : a case study of standardization via SMETA in manufac…

2016

Standardization in Corporate Social Responsibility has become more popular since re-cent years. A wide range of standards that seek to implement and evaluate the Corpo-rate Social Responsibility in companies, has become increasingly popular worldwide nowadays especially when companies producing goods and services are required by their international customers worldwide to obtain these standards. Most studies of this phenomenon have been done from the point of view of big companies and international brands and does not take into account the point of view of manufacturers located in the developing countries, were most goods are manufactured. This thesis investigates the influence of the Corpor…

Näkökulmia standardisoinnin taloustieteeseen

2020

Tämä artikkeli tarjoaa tiiviin katsauksen standardisointiin ja muutamia valikoituja näkökulmia standardisoinnin taloustieteelliseen tutkimukseen. Teemme muutaman huomion. Ensinnäkin käsitteiden epäjohdonmukainen käyttö aikaisemmissa tutkimuksissa voi aiheuttaa sekaannuksia aihepiirin uusille tutkijoille. Toiseksi standardisointiin liittyvää strategista käyttäytymistä on tutkittu paljon peliteoreettisilla malleilla ja tapaustutkimuksilla, mutta standardisoinnin empiirinen ”makrotutkimus”, ml. sen vaikutukset teknologiseen kehitykseen ja talouskasvuun, on jäänyt vähemmälle huomiolle. Kolmanneksi uudet standardeihin liittyvät tutkimusaineistot mahdollistavat standardisoinnin rakenteiden ja dyn…

Standardien kehityksen lyhyt historia

2022

The Physical Activity and Nutritional INfluences in Ageing (PANINI) Toolkit: a standardized approach towards physical activity and nutritional assess…

2022

Assessing multiple domains of health in older adults requires multidimensional and large datasets. Consensus on definitions, measurement protocols and outcome measures is a prerequisite. The Physical Activity and Nutritional INfluences In Ageing (PANINI) Toolkit aims to provide a standardized toolkit of best-practice measures for assessing health domains of older adults with an emphasis on nutrition and physical activity. The toolkit was drafted by consensus of multidisciplinary and pan-European experts on ageing to standardize research initiatives in diverse populations within the PANINI consortium. Domains within the PANINI Toolkit include socio-demographics, general health, nutrition, ph…

Errors and Complications in SQL Query Formulation

2018

SQL is taught in almost all university level database courses, yet SQL has received relatively little attention in educational research. In this study, we present a database management system independent categorization of SQL query errors that students make in an introductory database course. We base the categorization on previous literature, present a class of logical errors that has not been studied in detail, and review and complement these findings by analyzing over 33,000 SQL queries submitted by students. Our analysis verifies error findings presented in previous literature and reveals new types of errors, namely logical errors recurring in similar manners among different students. We…

Cost-efficiency assessments of marine monitoring methods lack rigor—a systematic mapping of literature and an end-user view on optimal cost-efficienc…

2021

Global deterioration of marine ecosystems, together with increasing pressure to use them, has created a demand for new, more efficient and cost-efficient monitoring tools that enable assessing changes in the status of marine ecosystems. However, demonstrating the cost-efficiency of a monitoring method is not straightforward as there are no generally applicable guidelines. Our study provides a systematic literature mapping of methods and criteria that have been proposed or used since the year 2000 to evaluate the cost-efficiency of marine monitoring methods. We aimed to investigate these methods but discovered that examples of actual cost-efficiency assessments in literature were rare, contr…

Evolution in telecommunication standardisation practices : the case of 3rd generation wireless communications

1999

Coopetition, standardization and general purpose technologies : A framework and an application

2023

Funding Information: We thank Paul Wiegmann, Geerten van de Kaa, Filippo Grillo, Tuomo Uotila, Elina Berghäll, Joakim Wikström and a number of anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. Earlier versions of the paper have been presented at EURAS2022 conference at Adam Smith Business School of the University of Glasgow, 38th Summer Seminar of Finnish Economist at University of Jyväskylä and Lappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUT. Heikkilä gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Foundation for Economic Education (Liikesivistysrahasto, Reino Rossi Memorial Fund), PHP Säätiö and the Jyväskylä University School of Business and Economics. We argue that coopetition and standardiz…

Elaboration of NMT and GSM standards : from idea to market

2002

The focus of this study is on elaboration of NMT (Nordic Mobile Telephone) and GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) standards. It seeks to understand the standard-making process from a system's philosophy to market entry.The specific objectives of the study are 1) to reconstruct the original ideas of innovation, 2) to reconstruct standardization processes of NMT and GSM systems, 3) to reconstruct interplay and impact of key players during standardization process, and 4) to explain success of NMT and GSM standards. Analyzing processes of two successful mobile communication standard-making aims to reveal what were the specific Nordic standardization practices and principles, and what…

The Link Between Standardization and Economic Growth

2021

We analyze the link between standardization and economic growth by systematically reviewing leading economics journals, leading economic growth researchers’ articles, and economic growth-related books. We make the following observations: 1) No article has analyzed the link between standardization and economic growth in top5 economics journals between 1996 and 2018. 2) A representative sample of the leading researchers of economic growth has allocated little attention to the link between standardization and economic growth. 3) Typically, economic growth textbooks do not contain “standards” or “standardization” in their word indexes. These findings suggest that the economic growth theory has …