Search results for "statistical"

showing 10 items of 4960 documents

Thermodynamics-based gradient plasticity theories with an application to interface models

2008

AbstractIn the framework of small deformations, the so-called residual-based gradient plasticity theory is reconsidered and improved. Using the notion of moving geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs), suitable micromechanics interpretations are heuristically given for the higher order boundary conditions and the long distance particle interactions. Also, a comparison is made between this theory and the analogous virtual work principle (VWP)-based one, whereby their respective conceptual and methodological features are pointed out. The conditions under which the two theories lead to a same constitutive model are investigated, showing that, correspondingly, a certain indeterminacy exhibi…

Interface (Java)Mechanical EngineeringApplied MathematicsConstitutive equationDislocationsMicromechanicsResidualCondensed Matter PhysicsGradient plasticityIndeterminacy (literature)Nonlocal continuum thermodynamicsClassical mechanicsMaterials Science(all)Mechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationModelling and SimulationGeneral Materials SciencePoint (geometry)Virtual workBoundary value problemStatistical physicsMathematicsInternational Journal of Solids and Structures
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Logit analysis in L2 research: measuring L1 and L2/Ln effects

1998

In quantitatively oriented L2 studies, we normally contrast two phenomena at a time, both at the group and individual level. However, it is generally acknowledged that what a learner produces is determined by a multitude of factors influencing the interlanguage (IL) simultaneously. When dealing with discrete, nominal categories, the numerical and causal relations between the variables involved cannot be adequately captured in an analysis where the phenomenon to be studied and the explanatory factors are subjected to a series of pairwise statistical tests. Instead of the two-variable approach, multivariate techniques should be applied, since they allow for the examination of the effects of m…

InterlanguageLinguistics and LanguageMultivariate statisticsVariable (computer science)LogitEconometricsContrast (statistics)Pairwise comparisonAffect (psychology)PsychologyLanguage and LinguisticsLinguisticsStatistical hypothesis testingInternational Journal of Applied Linguistics
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Internal Test Sets Studies in a Group of Antimalarials

2006

Topological indices have been applied to build QSAR models for a set of 20 an- timalarial cyclic peroxy cetals. In order to evalua te the reliability of the proposed linear models leave-n-out and Internal Test Sets (ITS) approaches have b een considered. The pro- posed procedure resulted in a robust and consensued prediction equation and here it is shown why it is superior to the employed standard c ross-validation algorithms involving multilinear regression models.

Internal test sets method; topological indices; linear models; QSAR; statistical validation.Quantitative structure–activity relationshipMultilinear mapInternal test sets methodLinear models (Statistics)CatalysisInorganic ChemistrySet (abstract data type)lcsh:ChemistryQSAR (Bioquímica)Order (group theory)Applied mathematicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular Biologylcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyReliability (statistics)Mathematicsstatistical validation.Group (mathematics)QSAROrganic ChemistryLinear modelRegression analysisGeneral MedicineComputer Science Applicationslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999Models lineals (Estadística)topological indiceslinear modelsInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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A Thermodynamic Plasticity Formulation with Local and Nonlocal Internal Variables

2002

In order to obtain the elastic response of nonhomogeneous materials, it is often sufficient to adopt an implicit homogenization technique which allows one to treat the material as an equivalent continuum medium. For large stress concentration or for accurate small scale studies this widely applied technique may show some limit and a more refined analysis might be required involving nonlocal elastic effects, see e.g. Kroner (1967), Eringen et al. (1977).

Internal variableStatistical physicsPlasticityHomogenization (chemistry)Stress concentrationMathematics
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Price Convergence in the European Union

2004

This study investigates the relationship between market integration and price convergence in international markets. Using a panel data set of consumer price indices (general and by groups and classes), it examines how European market integration has affected cross-country dispersion in the European Union.

International marketMarket integrationEconomics and EconometricsFinancial economicsPrice mechanismConvergence (economics)Single marketInternational economicsPrice indexPrice dispersionEconomicsEuropean marketmedia_common.cataloged_instanceStatistical dispersionEuropean unionPanel datamedia_commonSSRN Electronic Journal
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Teaching Media and Methods in Marketing: European and North American Universities

2009

This article aims to examine the most widely used teaching media and methods in university education. To achieve this objective, international research has been carried out among 135 marketing teachers from North American and European universities. The study shows that North American teachers use more traditional media and participatory methods than European teachers.

International researchParticipatory methodsTeaching methodPedagogyBusiness Management and Accounting (miscellaneous)University educationStatistical analysisSociologyComparative educationMarketingEuropean studiesEducationJournal of Teaching in International Business
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Monte Carlo evaluation of kerma in an HDR brachytherapy bunker

2004

In recent years, the use of high dose rate (HDR) after-loader machines has greatly increased due to the shift from traditional Cs-137/Ir-192 low dose rate (LDR) to HDR brachytherapy. The method used to calculate the required concrete and, where appropriate, lead shielding in the door is based on analytical methods provided by documents published by the ICRP, the IAEA and the NCRP. The purpose of this study is to perform a more realistic kerma evaluation at the entrance maze door of an HDR bunker using the Monte Carlo code GEANT4. The Monte Carlo results were validated experimentally. The spectrum at the maze entrance door, obtained with Monte Carlo, has an average energy of about 110 keV, m…

Internationalitymedicine.medical_treatmentNuclear engineeringBrachytherapyPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyRadiation DosageRisk AssessmentKermaLead shieldingRadiation ProtectionRadiation MonitoringRisk FactorsOccupational ExposuremedicineScattering RadiationComputer SimulationHospital Design and ConstructionRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMonte carlo evaluationLow dose rateSimulationPhysicsModels StatisticalRadiology Department HospitalRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyMonte carlo codeDose rateMonte Carlo MethodPhysics in Medicine and Biology
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Model Exploration and Computer Experiments

2017

This chapter contains a description of a set of simulation experiments for exploration of the agent-based model proposed in the present work, devised to illustrate the model’s generative capacity and highlight the influence of the newly introduced mechanisms on the complexity of the solutions. The first experiment shows the influence of the critical “cop”-to-“active” ratio ρ c in the risk perception model on the size, duration, and recurrence of rebellion peaks. The relationship between ρ c , the occurrence of cascades and the maximum possible peak size was demonstrated analytically and then studied via computer simulations. It was shown that the value of ρ c has a strong impact on the stab…

Interval (mathematics)Sensitivity (control systems)Statistical physicsComputer experimentSet (psychology)Tipping point (climatology)Stability (probability)InstabilityTerm (time)Mathematics
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The resemblance of an autocorrelation function to a power spectrum density for a spike train of an auditory model

2013

In this work we develop an analytical approach for calculation of the all-order interspike interval density (AOISID), show its connection with the autocorrelation function, and try to explain the discovered resemblance of AOISID to the power spectrum of the same spike train.

Interval (music)Quantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionSpeech recognitionSpike trainpower spectrum autocorrelation inter-spike interval densityAutocorrelationSpectral densityCorrelation methodStatistical physicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaConnection (mathematics)Mathematics
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Focal liver lesions: interobserver and intraobserver agreement of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound-assisted volume measurements

2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) volume calculations of focal liver lesions (FLLs).Methods: Thirty-nine patients (15 men and 24 women; mean age, 55.4 years) with 39 Flis (mean size, 3.1 +/- 1.8 cm; size range, 1 to 8 cm) prospectively underwent 3D-CEUS. Four readers calculated the volume of each lesion in an independent and blinded fashion in two separate sessions by means of a semi-automatic, commercially available proprietary software. The differences in lesion volumes (cm(3)) among sessions and readers were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test…

Intraclass correlation030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStatistical significanceMedical technologymedicineContrast-enhanced ultrasonographyTumor volumeRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging3D ultrasoundR855-855.5Liver diseasesmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industry3D ultrasoundUltrasoundConfidence intervalVolume measurementsMann–Whitney U test030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyOriginal ArticleNuclear medicinebusinessSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaContrast-enhanced ultrasound
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