Search results for "statistical"

showing 10 items of 4960 documents

ISLANDS TOURISM SEASONALITY

2015

The islands of the European Union, generally associated with the sun and sea, attract the great majority of tourist flows in the summer months. This characteristic is shared by all the islands, be they in the Mediterranean or in the Baltic. However, through detailed analysis and the use of specific indicators, it was demonstrated that some islands are increasingly developing winter tourism in an effort to improve the annual occupancy rate of beds and mitigate seasonality curves. This study examines some islands that are located in different seas of the European Union, at different latitudes and hence in different climatic zones. These islands are: Cyprus (CY), Sicily (IT), Madeira (PT), and…

American Statistical Association International Tourism Tourist Flow Tourism Management Tourism ResearchSettore SECS-P/06 - Economia Applicata
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Finite-size scaling of charge carrier mobility in disordered organic semiconductors

2016

Simulations of charge transport in amorphous semiconductors are often performed in microscopically sized systems. As a result, charge carrier mobilities become system-size dependent. We propose a simple method for extrapolating a macroscopic, nondispersive mobility from the system-size dependence of a microscopic one. The method is validated against a temperature-based extrapolation [A. Lukyanov and D. Andrienko, Phys. Rev. B 82, 193202 (2010)]. In addition, we provide an analytic estimate of system sizes required to perform nondispersive charge transport simulations in systems with finite charge carrier density, derived from a truncated Gaussian distribution. This estimate is not limited t…

Amorphous semiconductorsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Condensed matter physicsCharge carrier mobilityGaussianExtrapolationMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesOrganic semiconductorsymbols.namesakeLattice (order)0103 physical sciencessymbolsCharge carrier010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyScalingCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical Review B
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Control of signal coherence in parametric frequency mixing with incoherent pumps: Narrowband mid-infrared light generation by downconversion of broad…

2012

International audience; We study, with numerical simulations using the generalized nonlinear envelope equation, the processes of optical parametric and difference- and sum-frequency generation (SFG) with incoherent pumps in optical media with both quadratic and third-order nonlinearity, such as periodically poled lithium niobate. With ultrabroadband amplified spontaneous emission pumps or continua (spectral widths > 10 THz), group-velocity matching of a near-IR pump and a short-wavelength mid-IR (MIR) idler in optical parametric generation may lead to more than 15-fold relative spectral narrowing of the generated MIR signal. Moreover, the SFG process may also lead to 6-fold signal coherence…

Amplified spontaneous emissionLithium niobatePhysics::Optics01 natural sciences010309 opticsMEDIAchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsNarrowband0103 physical sciencesSpectral width010306 general physicsPhysicsSum-frequency generationCRYSTALAcoustooptical devices; interferometry; mixer circuitsbusiness.industryQuantum noiseStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsBEAMSOptical parametric amplifierAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOUTPUTCONTINUUMchemistryOSCILLATORSbusinessPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Beneficial impact of wave-breaking for coherent continuum formation in normally dispersive nonlinear fibers

2008

International audience; We study the evolution of a pulse propagating in a normally dispersive fiber in the presence of Kerr nonlinearity. We review the temporal and spectral impact of optical wave-breaking in the development of a continuum. The impact of linear losses or gain is also investigated.

Amplified spontaneous emissionOptical fiberPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsliquid waves; oceanography; dispersive fiberlaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringoceanographyliquid wavesPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]dispersive fiberContinuum (measurement)business.industryNonlinear opticsBreaking waveStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsPulse shapingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNonlinear systembusinessPhotonic-crystal fiber
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On the enhancement of diffusion by chaos, escape rates and stochastic instability

1999

We consider stochastic perturbations of expanding maps of the interval where the noise can project the trajectory outside the interval. We estimate the escape rate as a function of the amplitude of the noise and compare it with the purely diffusive case. This is done under a technical hypothesis which corresponds to stability of the absolutely continuous invariant measure against small perturbations of the map. We also discuss in detail a case of instability and show how stability can be recovered by considering another invariant measure.

AmplitudeApplied MathematicsGeneral MathematicsCalculusTrajectoryInvariant measureInterval (mathematics)Statistical physicsAbsolute continuityNoise (electronics)Stability (probability)InstabilityMathematicsTransactions of the American Mathematical Society
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The use of Stokes-Mueller polarimetry for assessment of amyloid-β progression in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

2020

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease, being a major societal burden, demands improvement of current techniques for its treatment and diagnostics. Currently only autopsy histology is able to provide the definite diagnosis for Alzheimer’s disease. However, the procedure is rather time consuming and costly. In the current study, we utilized Stokes and Mueller polarimetry techniques to screen for amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue at different stages of Alzheimer’s disease. The study has shown that the presence of Aβ plaques influences the properties of scattered polarized light. The Poincaré sphere was used as a graphical tool for the visualization of the a…

Amyloid βbrainPolarimetryDiseaselight scatteringScattering03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicinestatistical analysisScreening methodStokes parameterstissuesComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS030304 developmental biologyPoincare spherepolarimetryPhysics0303 health sciencespolarizationDisease progressionDepolarizationAlzheimer's diseaseAlzheimer's[SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/BiophysicsStatistical analysisAmyloid-ß plaque[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicsymbolsAnisotropyDepolarizationNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOptical Biopsy XVIII: Toward Real-Time Spectroscopic Imaging and Diagnosis
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Room acoustical parameters: A factor analysis approach

2009

Abstract In this study, we determined the most representative acoustical parameters for halls intended for verbal or music audition. Our study was carried out in nine halls of different shapes and designed for different uses. We measured the impulse response at a great number of points (many more than the minimum required by the ISO 3382 norm). From a physical viewpoint, all halls are enclosed three-dimensional areas. Our work hypothesis is that objective (measurable) acoustical parameters, or a combination of such parameters, must provide the acoustical information specific to each hall and must make it possible to grade each hall. Factor analysis was used to obtain these grading parameter…

Analisis factorialEngineeringAcoustics and Ultrasonicsbusiness.industryAcousticsSpeech recognitionStatistical analysisIntelligibility (communication)Room acousticsbusinessLinear combinationMeasure (mathematics)Impulse responseApplied Acoustics
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Statistical methods for the comparison of measurements derived from orthodontic imaging

2000

Biometric comparison procedures for dental imaging methods with continuous outcome were reviewed, mainly concentrating on assessment and comparison of accuracy and precision according to the study design. Univariate graphical and numerical representations of corresponding deviations were summarized to derive a 'check list' of minimum information necessary to compare the measurement methods. The methods reviewed in this investigation are illustrated by the comparison of conventional (radiographic) cephalometry versus assessment using the DigiGraph in 50 female children. A paired t-test and the corresponding confidence interval approach were used to assess deviations in location of two imagin…

Analysis of VariancePaired DataAccuracy and precisionMeasure (data warehouse)BiometryModels StatisticalBiometricsCephalometryComputer scienceUnivariateReproducibility of ResultsOrthodonticsOrthodontics CorrectiveConfidence intervalRadiographic Image EnhancementData Interpretation StatisticalCephalometryStatisticsConfidence IntervalsMedical imagingHumansFemaleChildAlgorithmsSoftwareThe European Journal of Orthodontics
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Error estimation and reduction with cross correlations

2010

Besides the well-known effect of autocorrelations in time series of Monte Carlo simulation data resulting from the underlying Markov process, using the same data pool for computing various estimates entails additional cross correlations. This effect, if not properly taken into account, leads to systematically wrong error estimates for combined quantities. Using a straightforward recipe of data analysis employing the jackknife or similar resampling techniques, such problems can be avoided. In addition, a covariance analysis allows for the formulation of optimal estimators with often significantly reduced variance as compared to more conventional averages.

Analysis of covarianceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Monte Carlo methodHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)EstimatorFOS: Physical sciencesMarkov chain Monte CarloHybrid Monte Carlosymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - LatticeResamplingStatisticssymbolsJackknife resamplingCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsMathematicsMonte Carlo molecular modeling
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Investigating the level of significance of the coherence function in cardiovascular variability analysis

2002

Although the presence of significant coupling between cardiovascular variability series is usually verified according to the threshold value of 0.5 in the coherence function (CF), spectral estimator parameters should also be considered. In this study, the surrogate data technique was introduced to define the level of significance of the CF. The proposed method determined a frequency-dependent threshold over which the hypothesis of zero coherence was rejected. The weighted covariance method and the autoregressive method were used to estimate the CF on simulated series with different degrees of linear coupling and on real cardiovascular data. The threshold was dependent on the type and parame…

Analysis of covarianceThreshold limit valueFrequency domainStatistical significanceStatisticsSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaEstimatorCoherence (signal processing)Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineTransfer functionSoftwareMathematicsSurrogate data
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