Search results for "structures"

showing 10 items of 4815 documents

Dynamic DNA Origami Devices: from Strand-Displacement Reactions to External-Stimuli Responsive Systems

2018

DNA nanotechnology provides an excellent foundation for diverse nanoscale structures that can be used in various bioapplications and materials research. Among all existing DNA assembly techniques, DNA origami proves to be the most robust one for creating custom nanoshapes. Since its invention in 2006, building from the bottom up using DNA advanced drastically, and therefore, more and more complex DNA-based systems became accessible. So far, the vast majority of the demonstrated DNA origami frameworks are static by nature; however, there also exist dynamic DNA origami devices that are increasingly coming into view. In this review, we discuss DNA origami nanostructures that exhibit controlled…

Computer sciencemechanical movementnanotekniikka02 engineering and technologyReview01 natural sciencesrobotiikkalcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDNA origamiNanotechnologyDNA nanotechnologylcsh:QH301-705.5SpectroscopyroboticsPhysicsGeneral Medicineself-assembly021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMechanical engineeringComputer Science ApplicationsChemistryNanorobotics0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologyeducationNanotechnology010402 general chemistryMedical sciencesCatalysisDNA sequencingInorganic ChemistryDisplacement reactionsmolecular devicesDNA nanotechnologyAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyBase SequenceOrganic ChemistryResponsive systemsDNA0104 chemical sciencesNanostructureslcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999chemistryTargeted drug deliveryNucleic Acid ConformationDNA origamiDNAInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Seismic Performance of Earthquake-Resilient RC Frames Made with HSTC Beams and Friction Damper Devices

2021

Seismic behavior of RC frames with hybrid steel-trussed concrete beams is affected by panel zone damage due to a large amount of longitudinal reinforcement. Here the seismic efficiency of innovative frames characterized by friction damper devices (FDDs) at beam-to-column connections is compared against traditional frame. Three configurations are investigated: FDDs alone; FDDs with column-to-foundation connections having preloaded threaded bars and disk springs; FDDs with self-centering friction devices. Non-linear analyses show that FDDs alone prevent plastic hinge formation at beam ends and beam–column joint damage. FDDs with self-centering friction devices effectively limit both peak and …

Concrete beamsLow-Damage Structuresbusiness.industryFriction Dampers; Hybrid Steel-Trussed Concrete Beams; Cyclic Behavior of Beam–Column Joints; Self-Centering Systems; Low-Damage StructuresBuilding and ConstructionRc framesStructural engineeringFriction DampersGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologyDamperSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniSelf-Centering SystemsCyclic Behavior of Beam–Column JointsbusinessReinforcementGeologyHybrid Steel-Trussed Concrete BeamsCivil and Structural EngineeringJournal of Earthquake Engineering
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Electron spectra in double quantum wells of different shapes

2022

We suggest a method for calculating electronic spectra in ordered and disordered semiconductor structures (superlattices) forming double quantum wells (QW). In our method, we represent the solution of Schr\"odinger equation for QW potential with the help of the solution of the corresponding diffusion equation. This is because the diffusion is the mechanism, which is primarily responsible for amorphization (disordering) of the QW structure, leading to so-called interface mixing. We show that the electron spectrum in such a structure depends on the shape of the quantum well, which, in turn, corresponds to an ordered or disordered structure. Namely, in a disordered substance, QW typically has …

Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencequantum wellssemiconductor structuresdensity of statesMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectNew Journal of Physics
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Thermal properties in low dimensional structures below 1 K

2009

In this thesis thermal properties of low dimensional structures were experimentally studied at low temperatures with the help of tunnel junction thermometry and the Joule heating technique. The main objects of study were electron-phonon coupling in disordered thin metal films and phonon transport in suspended silicon nitride membranes. Our aim has been to clarify the effect of the phonon dimensionality, i.e. the effect of boundaries to the phonon modes and the transition from 3D to 2D phonons. The dimensionality cross over had not been observed before this work even though it is fabricationally a standard procedure to create the low dimensional environments for nanoscale applications and de…

Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceCondensed Matter::Superconductivityphonon transportlow dimensional structuresSINIS thermometryelectron-phonon couplingthermal relaxationThermal relaxation electron-phonon coupling phonon transport low dimensional structures SINIS thermometry
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Dynamics of thermally induced optical nonlinearity in GaSe thin slabs

1996

A study of the nonlinear effects shown by thin slabs of GaSe metaled with Au is presented.

Condensed Matter::Quantum Gasesendocrine systemanimal structuresMaterials sciencegenetic structuresbusiness.industryDynamics (mechanics)Physics::OpticsFísicaNonlinear opticsCondensed Matter Physicseye diseasesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterOptical nonlinearityOpticsPhysics::Plasma Physicssense organsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessMicrowave and Optical Technology Letters
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Direct observation of a buckling transition during the formation of thin colloidal crystals

2007

We have investigated a colloidal suspension in a thin wedge formed by two glass plates in the presence of a lateral pressure. Starting with a single hexagonal layer, with increasing separation between the glass plates additional layers are added. This process is accompanied by a number of structural transitions necessary to maintain a high packing fraction under the given boundary conditions. Besides the well-known sequence of hexagonal and quadratic phases, we observe two new phases which are identified with the buckling and the rhombic phase recently predicted by other authors.

Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterPhase transitionCrystallographyColloidMaterials sciencegenetic structuresBucklingDirect observationBoundary value problemColloidal crystalComposite materialAtomic packing factorWedge (geometry)
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Functional consequences of prey acclimation to ocean acidification for the prey and its predator

2016

Ocean acidification is the suite of chemical changes to the carbonate system of seawater as a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite a growing body of evidences demonstrating the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine species, the consequences at the ecosystem level are still unclear. One factor limiting our ability to upscale from species to ecosystem is the poor mechanistic understanding of the functional consequences of the observed effects on organisms. This is particularly true in the context of species interactions. The aim of this work was to investigate the functional consequence of the exposure of a prey (the mussel Brachidontes pharaonis) t…

Condition indexRegistration number of speciesSalinityTemperateBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)inorganicAlkalinityBrachidontes pharaonisIncubation durationExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedAssimilation efficiencyEriphia verrucosaBreaking loadCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalpHTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)standard errorEarth System ResearchUniform resource locator link to referenceanimal structuresCalcite saturation stateArthropodaLengthwaterGrowth MorphologyFigureBenthosUniform resource locator/link to referenceMediterranean SeaAnimaliaBehaviourBicarbonate ionTime in secondsTypeTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciespH standard errorCalcite saturation state standard errorGrowth rateBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSfungiCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonTreatmentAragonite saturation state standard errorPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologyBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfSpecies interaction
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Functional consequences of prey acclimation to ocean acidification for the prey and its predator

2015

Ocean acidification is the suite of chemical changes to the carbonate system of seawater as a consequence of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Despite a growing body of evidences demonstrating the negative effects of ocean acidification on marine species, the consequences at the ecosystem level are still unclear. One factor limiting our ability to upscale from species to ecosystem is the poor mechanistic understanding of the functional consequences of the observed effects on organisms. This is particularly true in the context of species interactions. The aim of this work was to investigate the functional consequence of the exposure of a prey (the mussel Brachidontes pharaonis) t…

Condition indexanimal structuresEcologyfungiEcosystemOcean acidificationMusselBiologybiology.organism_classificationAcclimatizationPredatorEriphia verrucosaPredation
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Optical properties of biocompatible polyaniline nano-composites

2006

Abstract Polyaniline (PANI) is an electro-active polymer of great interest thanks to its outstanding physical and chemical properties which make it suitable for various applications in optics, bioelectronics, biosensors, diagnostics and therapeutic devices. Unfortunately, PANI is infusible and insoluble in most common solvents and, thus, very difficult to process. In the attempt of improving processability, yet preserving its interesting properties, PANI has been synthesized in the form of particles and dispersed into a hydrogel matrix. The synthesis of PANI–hydrogel composites proceeds via γ-irradiation of PANI dispersions as obtained by ‘in situ’ polymerization of aniline in the presence …

Conductive polymerchemistry.chemical_classificationBioelectronicsMaterials scienceNanocompositeBiocompatibilityNanoparticleBiomaterialNanotechnologyPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolyanilineMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle TecnologieBiomaterials optical spectroscopy atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy scanning electron microscopy nanoparticles colloids and quantum structures nano-composites nanoparticles optical properties absorption
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Wavelet analysis of human photoreceptoral response

2010

Feature detection of biomedical signals is crucial for deepening our knowledge of the physiological phenomena giving rise to them. To achieve this aim, even if many analytic approaches have been suggested only few are able to deal with signals whose features are time dependent, and to provide useful clinical information. In this work we use the wavelet analysis to extract peculiarities of the early response of the photoreceptoral human system, known as a-wave ERG-component. The analysis of the a-wave features is important since this component reflects the functional integrity of the two populations of photoreceptors, rods and cones whose activation dynamics are not well known. Moreover, in …

Congenital stationary night blindnessAchromatopsiagenetic structuresmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryWavelet analysis photoreceptoral response Achromatopsia Congenital Stationary Night Blindness.Wavelet transformFeature detection (nervous system)BiologyNeurophysiologymedicine.diseaseSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Time–frequency analysisWaveletmedicineComputer visionsense organsArtificial intelligencebusinessNeuroscienceElectroretinography2010 3rd International Symposium on Applied Sciences in Biomedical and Communication Technologies (ISABEL 2010)
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