Search results for "structures"

showing 10 items of 4815 documents

Stackelberg equilibrium with many leaders and followers. The case of zero fixed costs

2017

Abstract I study a version of the Stackelberg game with many identical firms in which leaders and followers use a continuous cost function with no fixed cost. Using lattice theoretical methods I provide a set of conditions that guarantee that the game has an equilibrium in pure strategies. With convex costs the model shows the same properties as a quasi-competitive Cournot model. The same happens with concave costs, but only when the number of followers is small. When this number is large the leaders preempt entry. I study the comparative statics and the limit behavior of the equilibrium and I show how the main determinants of market structure interact. More competition between the leaders …

Stackelberg equilibriumEconomics and EconometricsComparative staticsSupermodular gameEndogenous market structures05 social sciencesExistence of the equilibriumCournot competitionEntry preemptionSettore SECS-P/06 - Economia ApplicataCournot equilibriumMicroeconomicsMarket structure0502 economics and businessTheoretical methodsStackelberg competitionEconomics050207 economicsSettore SECS-P/01 - Economia PoliticaConvex functionFixed costMathematical economics050205 econometrics Research in Economics
researchProduct

PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT OF RECTAL CANCER: AN ACCURATE MRI PROTOCOL A RADIOLOGICAL TEMPLATE

2015

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References

Staginggenetic structuresGastrointestinal tractOncologyNeoplasiaeducationAbdomenEducation and trainingMRGastrointestinal tract Abdomen Oncology MR Staging Education and training Neoplasia
researchProduct

Magnetic domain-wall racetrack memory for high density and fast data storage

2012

The racetrack memory device is a new concept of Magnetic RAM (MRAM) based on controlling domain wall (DW) motion in ferromagnetic nanowires. It promises ultra-high storage density thanks to the possibility to store multiple narrow DWS per memory cell. By using read and write heads based on magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) fast data access speed can also be achieved. Thereby the racetrack memory can be used as universal storage to address both embedded and standalone applications. In this paper, we present the device physics, integration circuit and architecture designs of a racetrack memory based on MTJs with PMA. Mixed SPICE simulations at 65 nm …

Standalone applicationsMagnetic domainComputer scienceSpiceArchitecture designsMRAM devicesMemory cellElectronic engineeringRacetrack memoryPerpendicular magnetic anisotropyMagnetic domainsMagnetoresistive random-access memoryHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESIntegration circuitsNanowiresbusiness.industryMagnetic devicesElectrical engineeringNon-volatile memory technologyDomain wall motionTunnel magnetoresistanceData storage equipmentComputer data storageFerromagnetic nanowireNode (circuits)Magnetic tunnel junctionbusinessRandom access storage
researchProduct

Lone Star Stack: Architecture of a Disk-Based Archival System

2014

The need for huge storage systems rises with the ever growing creation of data. With growing capacities and shrinking prices, "write once read sometimes" workloads become more common. New data is constantly added, rarely updated or deleted, and every stored byte might be read at any time - a common pattern for digital archives or big data scenarios. We present the Lone Star Stack, a disk based archival storage system building block that is optimized for high reliability and energy efficiency. It provides a POSIX file system interface that uses flash based storage for write-offloading and metadata and the disk-based Lone Star RAID for user data storage. The RAID attempts to spin down disks a…

Standard RAID levelsHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESComputer scienceRAIDDisk array controllerbusiness.industryDisk mirroringDisk controllerDisk buffercomputer.software_genreDisk Data Formatlaw.inventionData recoverylawData_FILESOperating systembusinesscomputer2014 9th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture, and Storage
researchProduct

LoneStar RAID

2016

The need for huge storage archives rises with the ever growing creation of data. With today’s big data and data analytics applications, some of these huge archives become active in the sense that all stored data can be accessed at any time. Running and evolving these archives is a constant tradeoff between performance, capacity, and price. We present the LoneStar RAID, a disk-based storage architecture, which focuses on high reliability, low energy consumption, and cheap reads. It is designed for MAID systems with up to hundreds of disk drives per server and is optimized for “write once, read sometimes” workloads. We use dedicated data and parity disks, and export the data disks as individu…

Standard RAID levelsHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESRAIDDisk array controllerComputer sciencebusiness.industryDisk mirroring020206 networking & telecommunicationsFault tolerance02 engineering and technologycomputer.software_genreDisk Data Formatlaw.inventionHardware and Architecturelaw020204 information systemsEmbedded systemData_FILES0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOperating systemCacheNon-standard RAID levelsbusinesscomputerACM Transactions on Storage
researchProduct

A subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α-phosphatase (CreP/PPP1R15B) regulates membrane traffic.

2012

The constitutive reverter of eIF2α phosphorylation (CReP)/PPP1r15B targets the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1c) to phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α) to promote its dephosphorylation and translation initiation. Here, we report a novel role and mode of action of CReP. We found that CReP regulates uptake of the pore-forming Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin by epithelial cells. This function was independent of PP1c and translation, although p-eIF2α was involved. The latter accumulated at sites of toxin attack and appeared conjointly with α-toxin in early endosomes. CReP localized to membranes, interacted with phosphomimetic eIF2α, and, upon overexpression, induced and decorated a pop…

Staphylococcus aureusanimal structuresEndosomePopulationPhosphataseBacterial ToxinsEukaryotic Initiation Factor-2EndosomesBiologyBiochemistryExocytosisProtein Structure SecondaryEukaryotic translationProtein Phosphatase 1Initiation factorAnimalsHumansPhosphorylationeducationPeptide Chain Initiation TranslationalMolecular Biologyeducation.field_of_studyCell MembraneTranslation (biology)Epithelial CellsCell BiologyCell biologyProtein Structure TertiaryProtein TransportPhosphorylationRabbitsK562 CellsThe Journal of biological chemistry
researchProduct

Effect of starvation on haemolymph vitellogenins and ovary uptake in Spilostethus pandurus

1993

Abstract 1. 1. Starvation reduces haemolymph vitellogenins and their incorporation by developing oocytes in S. pandurus adult females. 2. 2. Access to food restores unspecifically the protein levels in both haemolymph and ovaries. 3. 3. Topical treatments with JH promote de novo specific synthesis of vitellogenins and incorporation by the ovaries. 4. 4. These results point to a strong role of the JH as the regulatory factor of both reproductive phenomena in S. pandurus .

Starvationmedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresbiologyPhysiologyOvaryGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundVitellogeninEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiosynthesischemistrySpilostethus pandurusInternal medicineHemolymphmedicinebiology.proteinmedicine.symptomMolecular BiologyVitellogeninsComparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry
researchProduct

Sub-threshold signal processing in arrays of non-identical nanostructures

2011

Weak input signals are routinely processed by molecular-scaled biological networks composed of non-identical units that operate correctly in a noisy environment. In order to show that artificial nanostructures can mimic this behavior, we explore theoretically noise-assisted signal processing in arrays of metallic nanoparticles functionalized with organic ligands that act as tunneling junctions connecting the nanoparticle to the external electrodes. The electronic transfer through the nanostructure is based on the Coulomb blockade and tunneling effects. Because of the fabrication uncertainties, these nanostructures are expected to show a high variability in their physical characteristics and…

Statistical ensembleSignal processingMaterials scienceMechanical EngineeringThermal fluctuationsCoulomb blockadeSignal Processing Computer-AssistedBioengineeringNanotechnologyElectrochemical TechniquesEquipment DesignGeneral ChemistryNanostructuresModels ChemicalMechanics of MaterialsNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceKinetic Monte CarloElectrical and Electronic EngineeringBiological systemElectrodesParallel arrayElectronic circuitVoltageNanotechnology
researchProduct

A study of the human rod and cone electroretinogram a-wave component

2009

The study of the electrical response of the retina to a luminous stimulus is one of the main fields of research in ocular electrophysiology. The features of the first component (a-wave) of the retinal response reflect the functional integrity of the two populations of photoreceptors: rods and cones. We fit the a-wave for pathological subjects with functions that account for possible mechanisms governing the kinetics of the photoreceptors. The paper extends a previous analysis, carried out for normal subjects, in which both populations are active, to patients affected by two particular diseases that reduce the working populations to only one. The pathologies investigated are Achromatopsia, a…

Statistics and ProbabilityCongenital stationary night blindnessRetinaAchromatopsiagenetic structuresbusiness.industryStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsRetinalBiologyStimulus (physiology)medicine.diseaseSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)electroretinogram a-wavechemistry.chemical_compoundElectrophysiologyFunctional integrityOpticsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrymedicinesense organsStatistics Probability and UncertaintybusinessNeuroscienceVisual phototransduction
researchProduct

Step-by-Step Control of the Dynamics of a Superconducting QED-like System

2007

We discuss the modus operandi of a theoretical scalable coupling scheme to control step by step the time evolution of a pair of flux qubits embedded in a lossy resonant cavity. The sequential interaction of each qubit with the quantized cavity mode is controlled by externally applied magnetic fluxes. Our analysis indicates that indirect qubit-qubit interactions, with the electromagnetic mode acting as a data bus, can be selectively performed and exploited both for the implementation of entangling gates and for the generation of states with a priori known characteristics.

Statistics and ProbabilityCouplingPhysicsSuperconductivityFlux qubitComplex systemTime evolutionStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsData_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORYQuantum PhysicsLossy compressioncoupling schemeTopologyComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesControl theoryQubitHardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURESMathematical PhysicsSystem busOpen Systems & Information Dynamics
researchProduct