Search results for "structures"

showing 10 items of 4815 documents

Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation

2015

Open Access Published: 04 November 2015 Human cooperation in groups: variation begets variation Pieter van den Berg, Lucas Molleman, Jaakko Junikka, Mikael Puurtinen & Franz J. Weissing Scientific Reports volume 5, Article number: 16144 (2015) Cite this article 383 Accesses 4 Citations 6 Altmetric Metricsdetails Abstract Many experiments on human cooperation have revealed that individuals differ systematically in their tendency to cooperate with others. It has also been shown that individuals condition their behaviour on the overall cooperation level of their peers. Yet, little is known about how individuals respond to heterogeneity in cooperativeness in their neighbourhood. Here, we presen…

AdultMaleta520genetic structuresPREFERENCESBioinformaticsINDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCESArticleYoung AdultGame Theorypublic goods gamePublic goods gameHumansMedicineCooperative BehaviorNeighbourhood (mathematics)cooperation tendencyMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryCooperativenesshuman cooperationPrisoner's dilemmaPublic goodPERSONALITY-DIFFERENCESEVOLUTIONSOCIAL VALUE ORIENTATIONVariation (linguistics)Group selectionGROUP SELECTIONCooperation Heterogeneity Public goods Behavioural experimentANIMAL PERSONALITIESheterogeneous behaviourPRISONERS-DILEMMAta1181FemaleHUMAN ALTRUISMbusinessSocial psychologyGame theoryBEHAVIOR
researchProduct

Relationship between elastase and total antioxidant status in young subjects with recent myocardial infarction

2008

In a group of young subjects with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (68 men and 7 women; mean age 39.6 ± 5.7 years) we examined the plasma concentration of elastase, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and the total antioxidant status (TAS) at the initial stage of AMI. In this group we found an increase of elastase (p <0.001) and TBARS (p < 0.001) and a decrease of TAS (p < 0.001). A statistical correlation was observed in the whole group of AMI patients between plasma elastase and TAS (p < 0.01) and this correlation was more statistically significant in patients with more risk factors and not in those with more involved vessels.

AdultMaletotal antioxidant statusmedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresPhysiologyMyocardial InfarctionThiobarbituric Acid Reactive SubstancesGastroenterologyAntioxidantsPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineTBARSHumansMedicineIn patientMyocardial infarctionPancreatic Elastasebusiness.industryElastaseCase-control studyHematologyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseJuvenile myocardial infarctionplasma elastaseOxidative StressAntioxidant capacityCase-Control StudiesImmunologyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBiomarkersStatistical correlationRecent myocardial infarctionClinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
researchProduct

On orienting the hand to reach and grasp an object.

1996

Subjects were required to reach and grasp a parallelepiped, the position, orientation and size of which were varied. The kinematics of reaching and grasping movements was studied in full vision and in no vision conditions. Both direction and movement amplitude of reaching were affected by object orientation. Conversely, both the time course of finger axis orientation and the angular displacement of the hand at wrist were influenced by object position. These results were not modified by the absence of visual control. Finger aperture during grasping was affected by both object size and orientation. This latter result was not due to a distorted size perception, as shown by a control matching e…

AdultMalevisionreaching to graspgenetic structuresMovementObject (grammar)KinematicsSettore BIO/09Visual controlocularFeedbackFingersOrientation (geometry)OrientationHumansComputer visionLightingVision OcularCommunicationAngular displacementbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceMovement; male; vision ocular; fingers; lighting; female; hand; perception; adult; feedback; orientation; humansMotor controlBody movementHandbody regionskinematicsFemalePerceptionArtificial intelligenceSize PerceptionPsychologybusinessobject orientationpsychological phenomena and processesNeuroreport
researchProduct

Optical coherence tomography of chorioretinal and choroidal folds

2007

. Purpose:  To report the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in cases of chorioretinal and choroidal folds. Methods:  Eight subjects with folds of the fundus of the eye were examined with fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, B-scan ultrasonography and Stratus OCT. Results:  Two types patterns were found on OCT. Five cases showed undulating retinal as well as retinal pigment epithelial lines of normal thickness; these were defined as chorioretinal folds. The posterior vitreous surface often adhered to the crests of the folds only. Three cases exhibited a wavy appearance of the retinal pigment epithelium and a flat retinal surface; these were classified as choroidal folds. Co…

AdultMalevisual acuitygenetic structuresFundus OculiDiagnosis Differentialchemistry.chemical_compoundRetinal DiseasesOptical coherence tomographyPhotographymedicineHumansFluorescein AngiographyPigment Epithelium of EyeAgedChoroidal foldsRetinal pigment epitheliummedicine.diagnostic_testSettore MED/30 - Malattie Apparato Visivobusiness.industryFundus photographyRetinalChoroid DiseasesAnatomyMiddle AgedFluorescein angiographyeye diseasesOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureOCTchemistryFemalesense organsUltrasonographybusinessNormal thicknessTomography Optical CoherenceActa Ophthalmologica Scandinavica
researchProduct

Psychosocial Risks, Work Engagement, and Job Satisfaction of Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic

2020

Context:COVID-19 pandemic is a serious health emergency that has affected countries all over the world. Health emergencies are a critical psychosocial risk factor for nurses. In general, psychosocial risks constitute serious problems as they impact workers' health, productivity, and efficiency. Despite their importance, few studies analyze nurses' psychosocial risks during a health emergency caused by a pandemic or analyze their perception of the emergency and its relation to such risks.Objectives:To analyze the perception of COVID-19 by nurses, especially about measures, resources, and impact on their daily work. Also, to analyze these professionals' psychosocial risks and the relationship…

AdultMalework engagementgenetic structuresProtective factornurseContext (language use)WorkloadNursing Staff HospitalJob Satisfaction03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNursingRisk Factorspeak pandemicSurveys and Questionnaires0502 economics and businessHumansjob insecurity030212 general & internal medicineBurnout ProfessionalPandemicsOriginal ResearchSARS-CoV-2Work engagementlcsh:Public aspects of medicine05 social sciencesPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCOVID-19Emotion workWorkloadpsychosocial riskslcsh:RA1-1270Risk factor (computing)Middle AgedSpainJob satisfactionFemalePublic HealthPsychologyPsychosocial050203 business & managementFrontiers in Public Health
researchProduct

Light scattering in artificial fog and simulated with light scattering filter.

2009

Disability glare, affecting e.g. road safety at night, may result either from intraocular light scattering or from external conditions such as fog. Measurements were made of light scattering in fog and compared with intraocular straylight data for normal eyes and eyes with simulated cataract. All measurements were made with a direct compensation flicker method. To estimate light scattering levels in fog, straylight measurements were carried in a fog chamber for different densities of fog. Density was characterized by the meteorological term visibility V and ranged from 7 to 25. Test distance for measurements in the fog was constant at 5 m. Cataract eye conditions were simulated by placing a…

AdultMaterials sciencegenetic structuresLightVisual AcuityNieblaLight scatteringCataractRetinalaw.inventionOpticslawHumansScattering RadiationVisibilityWeatherbiologybusiness.industryScatteringFlickerGlare (vision)Models Theoreticalbiology.organism_classificationeye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologyWavelengthSensory Thresholdssense organsbusinessPhotic StimulationOptometryLight-emitting diodeOphthalmicphysiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)
researchProduct

Optical and Visual Quality of the Visian Implantable Collamer Lens Using an Adaptive-Optics Visual Simulator

2013

To evaluate visual and optical quality of the implantable collamer lens for different powers and sizes of incision surgery.Prospective study in humans.An adaptive optics visual simulator was used to measure 3 powers of implantable collamer lenses and simulate the implantable collamer lens wavefront aberration's pattern for small- and large-incision surgery. Visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity were measured in 11 observers for 3- and 5-mm pupils. Modulation transfer function, point spread function, and Strehl ratio were calculated.At 3 mm pupil, no statistically significant differences were found between both incision sizes for any implantable collamer lens power, except for -15 diop…

AdultMicrosurgeryOptics and PhotonicsPhakic Intraocular LensesVisual acuityAdolescentgenetic structuresComputer sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectVisual AcuityPhakic intraocular lensPupilYoung AdultLens Implantation IntraocularOptical transfer functionmedicineHumansContrast (vision)Prospective StudiesAdaptive opticsVision OcularSimulationDioptremedia_commonAberrometryStrehl ratioeye diseasesRefractive Surgical ProceduresOphthalmologysense organsmedicine.symptomAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology
researchProduct

Study of Obsessive Compulsive Beliefs: Relationship with Eating Disorders

2011

Background: The relationship between Eating Disorders (ED) and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) has been extensively studied in the last few years. However, little effort has been devoted to studying the link between these disorders with regard to their distorted beliefs. Aims: The first objective of the study was to analyze the differences in OCD-related beliefs among ED subtypes and the general population, controlling for age, Body Mass Index, and obsessionality. The second objective was to explore which OCD beliefs explain ED symptomatology. Method: Seventy-nine ED patients without OCD comorbidity, divided into diagnostic subtypes, and 50 community participants completed the Obsessive…

AdultObsessive-Compulsive DisorderAnorexia NervosaAdolescentPersonality InventoryPsychometricsgenetic structuresCulturePopulationComorbiditybehavioral disciplines and activitiesYoung AdultReference ValuesObsessive compulsivemental disordersmedicineHumansYoung adultBulimia Nervosaeducationeducation.field_of_studyBinge eatingBulimia nervosaMental DisordersGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseComorbidityhumanitiesClinical PsychologyEating disordersSpainFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyBody mass indexBinge-Eating DisorderClinical psychologyBehavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy
researchProduct

Electrophysiological findings of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in heterozygotes.

1988

Nineteen obligate heterozygotes, 8 individuals at risk of being heterozygote, and 10 patients afflicted with four different forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis were examined electrophysiologically. The group of obligate heterozygotes was compared to age-matched control groups. Statistically significant differences were found between scotopic b-wave amplitudes, P-ERG amplitudes, and EOG light peaks of the obligate carriers of the juvenile type and the control subjects. The photopic L-ERGs and the latencies of the VEPs were mostly within the normal range. The findings represent the first evidence of functional ophthalmological changes in obligate carriers of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis…

AdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyHeterozygotegenetic structuresAdolescentPhysiologyBiologyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceNeuronal Ceroid-LipofuscinosesRisk FactorsmedicineElectroretinographyHumansScotopic visionChildmedicine.diagnostic_testObligateHeterozygote advantageElectrooculographymedicine.diseaseSensory SystemsOphthalmologyElectrophysiologyElectrooculographyChild PreschoolEvoked Potentials VisualNeuronal ceroid lipofuscinosissense organsElectroretinographyPhotopic visionGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
researchProduct

Adhesive and invasive features in gliomas

2000

Summary This study aims at the in situ identification of factors mediating glioma cell invasion requiring adhesion, extracellular matrix degradation, and migration. Fortyfive gliomas (astrocytomas, glioblastomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed gliomas) were investigated for the immunohistochemical expression of the membrane protein CD44s, the basal lamina proteins laminin, collagen IV, and fibronectin, the lectin galectin-3 recognizing tenascin and N-CAM, as well as for the matrix-degrading enzymes metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9, and cathepsin D. Besides vessels expressing basal lamina proteins, tenascin, MMP-2, MMP-9, and galectin-3, tumor cells revealed strong immunoreactivity for CD44s, …

AdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresTenascinPathology and Forensic MedicineExtracellular matrixReference ValuesLamininCell AdhesionmedicineHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessCell adhesionAgedAged 80 and overCathepsinExtracellular Matrix ProteinsbiologyBrain NeoplasmsTenascin CBrainGliomaCell BiologyMiddle AgedFibronectinmedicine.anatomical_structurebiology.proteinCancer researchBasal laminaPathology - Research and Practice
researchProduct