Search results for "substitut"

showing 10 items of 1337 documents

Alpha 2-receptor-mediated inhibition of intraluminal release of gastric somatostatin in anaesthetized rats.

1992

Alino, S. F., Garcia, D. & Uvnas-Moberg, K. 1992. Alpha2-receptor-mediated inhibition of intraluminal release of gastric somatostatin in anaesthetized rats. Acta Physiol Scand144, 233–238. Received 22 February 1991, accepted 11 October 1991. ISSN 00014772. Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, Department of Cell Biology and Morphology Science, University of Pais Vasco, Leioa, Spain and Department of Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. The aim of the present study was to investigate how the sympathetic nervous system affects the vagally induced intragastric release of somatostatin and gastrin. Experiments were performed on a…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtySympathetic Nervous SystemPhysiologyNeuropeptideClonidinePhentolamineInternal medicineGastrinsmedicineAnimalsAnesthesiaPhentolamineGastrinbusiness.industryStomachdigestive oral and skin physiologyRats Inbred StrainsVagus NerveHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationReceptors Adrenergic alphaElectric StimulationVagus nerveRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureSomatostatinGastrointestinal hormoneGastric MucosabusinessSomatostatinPerfusionhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugActa physiologica Scandinavica
researchProduct

Metabolic and Cardiovascular Effects of Switching Thiazides to Amlodipine in Hypertensive Patients With and Without Type 2 Diabetes (the Diuretics an…

2020

Background: Different studies have indicated that thiazide diuretics can increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether switching from hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) to amlodipine resulted in ameliorating different cardiovascular and metabolic measures in hypertensive patients with or without T2D. Methods: This study [Diuretics and Diabetes Control (DiaDiC)] was a 6-week, single-blind, single-center randomized controlled trial. The first 20 normal glucose-tolerant, 20 prediabetic, and 20 T2D consecutive patients were randomized to continue the previous antihypertensive treatment with HCTZ (12.5-25 mg/day) or to switch from HCTZ to amlodi…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismSodium Chloride Symporter InhibitorsdiureticBlood PressureType 2 diabetesSettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaInternal medicineInternal MedicineMedicineHumansSingle-Blind MethodAmlodipineSettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateThiazideAntihypertensive AgentsAgedtreatmentbusiness.industryDrug Substitutioncardiovascularfood and beveragesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCalcium Channel BlockersDiabetes controlHydrochlorothiazideTreatment OutcomeDiabetes Mellitus Type 2ItalyHypertensionCardiologyFemaletype 2 diabetesAmlodipinethiazidebusinessEnergy MetabolismmetabolismBiomarkersmedicine.drugMetabolic syndrome and related disorders
researchProduct

Permissive and suppressive effects of dexamethasone on enzyme induction in hepatocyte co-cultures.

2002

1. Steroids are known to act as permissive factors in hepatocytes. This study shows that dexamethasone (DEX) is a permissive factor for induction of CYP2B1/2, CYP3A1, CYP2A1 and probably also CYP2C11 in cultures with primary rat hepatocytes. 2. The induction factor of phenobarbital (PB)-induced formation of 16beta-hydroxytestosterone (OHT), a testosterone biotransformation product predominantly formed by CYP2B1, is increased 18-fold by the addition of 32 nM DEX to the culture medium. Interestingly, higher concentrations of DEX up to 1000 nM led to a concentration-dependent maximally 5-fold decrease (p = 0.002) of phenobarbital-induced 16beta-OHT formation compared with the effect observed w…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisAnti-Inflammatory AgentsBiologyToxicologyBiochemistryDexamethasoneRats Sprague-DawleyEnzyme activatorInternal medicinepolycyclic compoundsmedicineCytochrome P-450 CYP1A1AnimalsCytochrome P-450 CYP3AProtein IsoformsPermissiveEnzyme inducerCytochrome P450 Family 2DexamethasoneCells CulturedPharmacologyCryopreservationDose-Response Relationship DrugBiological activityGeneral MedicineIn vitroCoculture TechniquesRatsEnzyme ActivationEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureLiverSteroid 16-alpha-HydroxylaseHepatocytePhenobarbitalCytochrome P-450 CYP2B1Steroid Hydroxylasesbiology.proteinHepatocytesHydroxytestosteronesAryl Hydrocarbon HydroxylasesExcitatory Amino Acid Antagonistshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsGlucocorticoidmedicine.drugXenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems
researchProduct

Frequency-dependent effects of activation and inhibition of protein kinase C on neurohypophysial release of oxytocin and vasopressin

1989

Isolated rat neurohypophyses were superfused in vitro and the release of vasopressin and oxytocin into the medium was determined by specific radioimmunoassays. Hormone secretion was increased by electrical stimulation of the pituitary stalk at different frequencies. The effects of several phorbol esters, known to activate (phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate, PDB) or not to affect (4a-phorbol 12,13-dideconate and phorbol 12-monoacetate) protein kinase C, and of the direct protein kinase C inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7) were tested. Electrical stimulation with 450 pulses caused the release of about 45 μU vasopressin and 55 μU oxytocin, when a frequency of 3 Hz was applied…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyVasopressinVasopressinsNeuropeptideStimulationIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyOxytocinchemistry.chemical_compoundPituitary Gland PosteriorInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsPhorbol 1213-DibutyrateProtein Kinase CProtein kinase CEndogenous opioidPharmacologyNaloxoneOxytocin secretionRats Inbred StrainsGeneral MedicineElectric StimulationRatsEndocrinologyOxytocinchemistryPhorbolhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
researchProduct

The Mediterranean diet protects against waist circumference enlargement in 12Ala carriers for the PPARgamma gene: 2 years' follow-up of 774 subjects …

2009

The PPARγ gene regulates insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis. The Pro12Ala polymorphism of this gene has been related to fat accumulation. Our aim was to analyse the effects of a 2-year nutritional intervention with Mediterranean-style diets on adiposity in high-cardiovascular risk patients depending on the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARγ gene. The population consisted of a substudy (774 high-risk subjects aged 55–80 years) of the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) randomised trial aimed at assessing the effect of the Mediterranean diet for CVD prevention. There were three nutritional intervention groups: two of them of a Mediterranean-style diet and the third was a control gr…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyWaistMediterranean dietGenotypePopulationMedicine (miscellaneous)BiologyDiet MediterraneanPolymerase Chain ReactionBody Mass IndexPolymorphism (computer science)Risk FactorsInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineHumansAlleleeducationAdverse effectAgededucation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsBody WeightSmokingDNAMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePPAR gammaEndocrinologyAmino Acid SubstitutionCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleWaist CircumferenceBody mass indexPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthFollow-Up StudiesThe British journal of nutrition
researchProduct

Improvement in risk stratification with the combination of the tumour marker antigen carbohydrate 125 and brain natriuretic peptide in patients with …

2010

Aim Elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and tumour marker antigen carbohydrate 125 (CA125) levels have shown to be associated with higher risk for adverse outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). Nevertheless, no attempt has been made to explore the utility of combining these two biomarkers. We sought to assess whether CA125 adds prognostic value to BNP in predicting 6-month all-cause mortality in patients with AHF. Methods and results We analysed 1111 consecutive patients admitted for AHF. Antigen carbohydrate 125 (U/mL) and BNP (pg/mL) were measured at a median of 72 ± 12 h after instauration of treatment. Antigen carbohydrate 125 and BNP were dichotomized based on propos…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesHeart diseasemedicine.drug_classKaplan-Meier EstimateGastroenterologyRisk AssessmentAntigenInternal medicineNatriuretic Peptide BrainNatriuretic peptidemedicineHumansTumor markerAgedAged 80 and overHeart Failurebusiness.industryProportional hazards modelMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseBrain natriuretic peptidePrognosisEndocrinologyHeart failureCA-125 AntigenAcute DiseaseFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRisk assessmentbusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsBiomarkersEuropean heart journal
researchProduct

Episodic Social Stress-Escalated Cocaine Self-Administration: Role of Phasic and Tonic Corticotropin Releasing Factor in the Anterior and Posterior V…

2016

Intermittent social defeat stress escalates later cocaine self-administration. Reward and stress both activate ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine neurons, increasing downstream extracellular dopamine concentration in the medial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. The stress neuropeptide corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and its receptors (CRF-R1, CRF-R2) are located in the VTA and influence dopaminergic activity. These experiments explore how CRF release and the activation of its receptors within the VTA both during and after stress influence later cocaine self-administration in rats.In vivomicrodialysis of CRF in the VTA demonstrated that CRF is phasically released in the poster…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemCorticotropin-Releasing HormoneMicrodialysisDrug-Seeking BehaviorNeuropeptideSelf AdministrationNucleus accumbensSocial EnvironmentReceptors Corticotropin-Releasing HormoneSocial defeat03 medical and health sciencesCorticotropin-releasing hormoneCocaine-Related Disorders0302 clinical medicineDopamineInternal medicinemental disordersmedicineAnimalsRats Long-EvansSocial stressGeneral Neurosciencemusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyDopaminergicVentral Tegmental AreaArticles030227 psychiatryRatsSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeVentral tegmental areamedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsStress Psychologicalmedicine.drug
researchProduct

Four new cases of congenital secondary hypothyroidism due to a splice site mutation in the thyrotropin-beta gene: Phenotypic variability and founder …

2004

WOS: 000223072400081 PubMed ID: 15292359 Isolated TSH deficiency is a rare cause of congenital hypothyroidism. We here report four children from two consanguineous Turkish families with isolated TSH deficiency. Affected children who were screened at newborn age had an unremarkable TSH result and a low serum TSH level at diagnosis. Age at diagnosis and clinical phenotype were variable. All affected children carried an identical homozygous splice site mutation (IVS2 + 5 Gdouble right arrowA) in the TSHbeta gene. This mutation leads to skipping of exon 2 and a loss of the translational start codon without ability to produce a TSH-like protein. However, using specific monoclonal antibodies, we …

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemGuanineendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical BiochemistryThyrotropinLocus (genetics)Thyrotropin beta SubunitBiologyBiochemistryExonEndocrinologyHypothyroidismInternal medicinemedicineCongenital HypothyroidismHumansChildGeneGenotypingGeneticsSplice site mutationAdenineBiochemistry (medical)HaplotypeHomozygoteInfant NewbornInfantmedicine.diseaseFounder EffectIntronsCongenital hypothyroidismPedigreeEndocrinologyPhenotypeHaplotypesChild PreschoolMutationFemalehormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsFounder effect
researchProduct

Melatonin signaling modulates clock genes expression in the mouse retina.

2014

Previous studies have shown that retinal melatonin plays an important role in the regulation of retinal daily and circadian rhythms. Melatonin exerts its influence by binding to G-protein coupled receptors named melatonin receptor type 1 and type 2 and both receptors are present in the mouse retina. Earlier studies have shown that clock genes are rhythmically expressed in the mouse retina and melatonin signaling may be implicated in the modulation of clock gene expression in this tissue. In this study we determined the daily and circadian expression patterns of Per1, Per2, Bmal1, Dbp, Nampt and c-fos in the retina and in the photoreceptor layer (using laser capture microdissection) in C3H-f…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemgenetic structuresOcular AnatomyReceptors Melatoninlcsh:MedicineBiologyMelatonin receptorBiochemistryRetinaPinealocyteMelatoninGene Knockout TechniquesMiceOcular SystemInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsPhotoreceptor Cellslcsh:ScienceMolecular BiologyMelatoninRetinaMultidisciplinarylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesCell biologyCircadian RhythmCLOCKPER2Circadian OscillatorsCircadian Rhythmsmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationDaylightFemalelcsh:Qsense organsSignal transductionAnatomyChronobiologyhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugPER1Research ArticleSignal TransductionPLoS ONE
researchProduct

Perioperative and Periprocedural Management of Antithrombotic Therapy: Consensus Document of SEC, SEDAR, SEACV, SECTCV, AEC, SECPRE, SEPD, SEGO, SEHH…

2018

During the last few years, the number of patients receiving anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy has increased worldwide. Since this is a chronic treatment, patients receiving it can be expected to need some kind of surgery or intervention during their lifetime that may require treatment discontinuation. The decision to withdraw antithrombotic therapy depends on the patient's thrombotic risk versus hemorrhagic risk. Assessment of both factors will show the precise management of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy in these scenarios. The aim of this consensus document, coordinated by the Cardiovascular Thrombosis Working Group of the Spanish Society of Cardiology, and endorsed by most o…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classHemorrhage030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFibrinolytic AgentsRisk FactorsThromboembolismIntervention (counseling)Preoperative CareAntithromboticmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineIntensive care medicineAgedAged 80 and overThrombotic riskIntraoperative CareDrug Substitutionbusiness.industryAnticoagulantAnticoagulantsGeneral MedicinePerioperativemedicine.diseaseThrombosisDiscontinuationConventional PCIFemaleAntiagregación Anticoagulación Anticoagulation Antiplatelet Antithrombotic Antitrombótico Cirugía SurgerybusinessPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsRevista Española de Cardiología (English Edition)
researchProduct