Search results for "substrate"

showing 10 items of 1018 documents

Integrated optic surface plasmon resonance measurements in a borosilicate glass substrate

2008

The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique is a well-known optical method that can be used to measure the refractive index of organic nano-layers adsorbed on a thin metal film. Although there are many configurations for measuring biomolecular interactions, SPR-based techniques play a central role in many current biosensing experiments, since they are the most suited for sensitive and quantitative kinetic measurements. Here we give some results from the analysis and numerical elaboration of SPR data from integrated optics experiments in a particular borosilicate glass, chosen for its composition offering the rather low refractive index of 1.4701 at 633 nm wavelength. These data regard the…

Physics::OpticsSubstrate (electronics)Biosensors; Integrated Optics; Surface Plasmon Resonancelcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionOpticslawSurface plasmon resonancelcsh:TP1-1185Electrical and Electronic EngineeringSurface plasmon resonanceThin filmInstrumentationChemistrybusiness.industryBorosilicate glassIntegrated opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWavelengthBiosensorsbusinessBiosensorRefractive indexWaveguideSensors
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Separation by FPLC chromatofocusing of UDP-glucosyltransferases from three developmental stages of Drosophila melanogaster.

1997

Variation of UDP-glucosyltransferase activity, during Drosophila melanogaster development, was analyzed. The endogenous metabolite xanthurenic acid and the xenobiotic compounds 1-naphthol and 2-naphthol were used as substrates. Developmentally regulated differences were observed for the three substrates, suggesting the presence of UDP-glucosyltransferase isoenzymes. This was further confirmed by FPLC chromatofocusing on a Mono P column: seven peaks of UDP-glucosyltransferase activity (pHs: ≥6.3, 5.8, 5.5, 4.9, 4.5, 4.2, ≤4.0) with either single or overlapping substrate specificity were detected. A single xanthurenic acid:UDP-glucosyltransferase activity (pl 5.8) was found throughout develop…

PhysiologyMetaboliteOvipositionBiochemistryIsozymeGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicSubstrate Specificitychemistry.chemical_compoundGlucosyltransferasesAnimalsXanthurenic acidChromatography High Pressure LiquidbiologyChromatofocusingGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalFast protein liquid chromatographyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationIsoenzymesDrosophila melanogasterchemistryBiochemistryGlucosyltransferasesInsect ScienceChromatography GelFemaleDrosophila melanogasterXenobioticArchives of insect biochemistry and physiology
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Detection of a plant enzyme exhibiting chlorogenate-dependant caffeoyltransferase activity in methanolic extracts of arbuscular mycorrhizal tomato ro…

2012

When Glomus intraradices-colonised tomato roots were extracted in methanol at 6 degrees C, chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid), naturally present in the extract, was slowly converted by transesterification into methyl caffeate. The progress of the reaction could be monitored by HPLC. The reaction only occurred when the ground roots were left in contact with the hydro-alcoholic extract and required the presence of 15-35% water in the mixture. When the roots were extracted in ethanol, chlorogenic acid was transformed to ethyl caffeate in the same conditions. The reaction was also detected in Glomus mosseae-colonised tomato root extracts. It was also detectable in non-mycorrhizal root ext…

Physiology[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiPlant SciencePlant RootsSubstrate SpecificityACBIOSYNTHESISchemistry.chemical_compoundTRANSFERASESolanum lycopersicumMycorrhizaeMethyl caffeateSWEET-POTATO ROOTSFood scienceEnzyme InhibitorsGlomusChromatography High Pressure LiquidPlant ProteinsbiologyTemperaturePlant physiologyfood and beveragesChlorogenic acidBiochemistryFUNGUSCOFFEE[SDE]Environmental SciencesGENESMETABOLISMCaffeoyltransferaseTomatoCaffeic AcidsChlorogenic acidTransferasesGenetics[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyEnzyme AssaysEthanolEsterificationPlant ExtractsfungiEthyl caffeatePlant Components Aerialbiology.organism_classificationRootsEnzyme assayEnzyme ActivationPhenylmethylsulfonyl FluorideTransesterificationchemistrybiology.proteinMethanolCAFFEIC ACIDCATALYZED SYNTHESIS
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Modelling leaky photonic wires: a mode solver comparison

2006

We present results from a mode solver comparison held within the framework of the European COST P11 project. The structure modelled is a high-index contrast photonic wire in silicon-oninsulator subject to substrate leakage. The methods compared are both in-house developed and commercial, and range from effective index and perturbation methods, over finite-element and finite-difference codes, beam propagation methods, to film mode matching methods and plane wave expansion methods.

Plane waveSubstrate leakageno keywordsIR-67031METIS-248208OpticsBeam propagation methodBoundary value problemElectrical and Electronic EngineeringOptical mode solvers Photonic wires Substrate leakage WaveguidesLeakage (electronics)Physicsbusiness.industryOptical mode solversSolverPhotonic wiresIOMS-PCS: PHOTONIC CRYSTAL STRUCTURESAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFinite element methodElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsEWI-9572IOMS-SNS: SENSORSPlane wave expansionPhotonicsbusinessWaveguides
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Using Macroelement Content to Characterize Surficial Water Quality of Artificial Reservoirs

2021

Abstract The quality of surface waters in the territory of Poland, despite the implemented remedial measures, is mostly classified as bad. This article presents the results of research on the composition of water macroelements in 24 artificial reservoirs located in Opole province (southern Poland), searching for the reasons behind their pollution. Concentrations of the anions F−, Cl−, Br−, NO2−, NO3−, PO43− and SO42− and cations Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ were taken into account. An analysis of seasonal changes was carried out and, on the example of a dam reservoir (Turawa Big Reservoir), a multi-point analysis of the distribution of ion concentrations in water at the reservoir surface w…

PollutionHydrologyEnvironmental EngineeringEcological Modelingmedia_common.quotation_subjectSurface watersGrowing seasonEutrophicationSubstrate (marine biology)PollutionRainwater harvestingMacroelementsArtificial water reservoirsMarlEnvironmental ChemistryEnvironmental scienceWater qualityLeachateEutrophicationWater Science and Technologymedia_commonWater Air and Soil Pollution
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Highly selective and sensitive chromo-fluorogenic detection of the Tetryl explosive using functional silica nanoparticles

2011

Silica nanoparticles containing polyamines and thiol groups have been used as probes for the selective detection of Tetryl. © 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

PolyamineINGENIERIA DE LA CONSTRUCCIONUnclassified drugNanoparticlePhotochemistryColorimetry (chemical method)Nitrobenzenechemistry.chemical_compoundNanoparticleQUIMICA ORGANICAChemical structureSilicon dioxidePolyaminesMaterials ChemistryChemical analysischemistry.chemical_classificationAniline CompoundsChemistryMetals and Alloysrespiratory systemTetrylSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsThiolColorimetryDyeExplosive materialSilicon dioxideChemical structureArticleCatalysisThiol groupBinding site246 trinitrophenylmethylnitramineExplosive AgentsExplosiveReaction analysisQUIMICA ANALITICASulfhydryl CompoundsNitrobenzenesSensorFluorescent DyesFluorescent dyeQUIMICA INORGANICAGeneral ChemistrySilane derivativeCombinatorial chemistryChromogenic substrateCeramics and CompositesNanoparticlesChemical Communications
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Structure of Polymer Brushes in Cylindrical Tubes: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

2006

Molecular Dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained bead-spring model of flexible macromolecules tethered with one end to the surface of a cylindrical pore are presented. Chain length $N$ and grafting density $\sigma$ are varied over a wide range and the crossover from ``mushroom'' to ``brush'' behavior is studied for three pore diameters. The monomer density profile and the distribution of the free chain ends are computed and compared to the corresponding model of polymer brushes at flat substrates. It is found that there exists a regime of $N$ and $\sigma$ for large enough pore diameter where the brush height in the pore exceeds the brush height on the flat substrate, while for large enoug…

Polymers and PlasticsFOS: Physical sciencesSubstrate (electronics)Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterInorganic ChemistryQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processeschemistry.chemical_compoundColloidMolecular dynamicsPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesOrganic ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterMonomerComputer Science::GraphicschemistryChemical physicsExcluded volumeSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Layer (electronics)Macromolecule
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Correlation of the Extent of Fjord-Region Oxidation with DNA Binding and Mutagenicity of the Enantiomeric 11,12-Dihydrodiols of Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene

1996

Abstract In vitro studies on the hepatic biotransformation of the enantiomeric trans-11,12-dihydrodiols of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P) using microsomal fractions of animals pretreated with Aroclor 1254 revealed that the formation of fjord-region dihydrodiol epoxides strongly depends on the absolute configuration of the substrate. Both the (-)-11R,12R- and the (+)-11S,12S-enantiomer are converted diastereoselectively to the (-)- and (+)-anti-dihydrodiol epoxide, respectively, by either rat or mouse liver microsomes. Fjord-region oxidation occurs to greatest extent on incubation of the (-)-11R,12R-dihydrodiol with preparations from rats. This finding is in line with the differences seen for…

Polymers and PlasticsbiologyStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryAbsolute configurationSubstrate (chemistry)Epoxidebiology.organism_classificationChinese hamsterchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrypolycyclic compoundsMaterials ChemistryMicrosomePyreneEnantiomerDNAPolycyclic Aromatic Compounds
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α-Chymotrypsin-Catalyzed Reaction Confined in Block-Copolymer Vesicles

2010

Herein the reactivity of the enzyme α-chymotrypsin in the confinement of polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) vesicles was investigated. Enzyme and substrate molecules were encapsulated in PS-b-PAA vesicles with internal diameters ranging from 26 nm to 165 nm during the formation of the vesicles. While the loading efficiencies of enzyme and substrate molecules were practically identical for vesicles of identical size, they were found to increase with decreasing vesicle size. The kinetics of the α-chymotrypsin catalyzed hydrolysis of N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-Phe-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) was evaluated following the increase of the absorption of the product 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin …

PolymersKineticsAcrylic ResinsPhotochemistryMETIS-269964Ultraviolet visible spectroscopyCoumarinsChymotrypsinNanotechnologyOrganic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryChymotrypsinbiologyChemistryHydrolysisVesicleSubstrate (chemistry)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTurnover numberKineticsBiocatalysisbiology.proteinPolystyrenesSpectrophotometry UltravioletAbsorption (chemistry)ChemPhysChem
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Straightforward Approach for Preparing Durable Antibacterial ZnO Nanoparticle Coatings on Flexible Substrates

2022

Flexible antibacterial materials have gained utmost importance in protection from the distribution of bacteria and viruses due to the exceptional variety of applications. Herein, we demonstrate a readily scalable and rapid single-step approach for producing durable ZnO nanoparticle antibacterial coating on flexible polymer substrates at room temperature. Substrates used are polystyrene, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) copolymer, poly(methyl methacrylate), polypropylene, high density polyethylene and a commercial acrylate type adhesive tape. The deposition was achieved by a spin-coating process using a slurry of ZnO nanoparticles in toluene. A stable modification layer was obtained when tolu…

PolymersnanoparticleOrganic ChemistryE. coliPharmaceutical Sciencecoating:NATURAL SCIENCES::Physics [Research Subject Categories]S. aureus540ZnO; nanoparticle; coating; flexible substrate; antibacterial; <i>E. coli</i>; <i>S. aureus</i>Anti-Bacterial AgentsAnalytical Chemistryantibacterialflexible substrateChemistry (miscellaneous)Drug DiscoveryEscherichia coliSolventsZnOPolystyrenesMolecular MedicineZinc OxidePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryToluene
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