Search results for "surface"
showing 10 items of 9345 documents
ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrate Nanocarriers in Biomedical Applications: Functionalization and Construction
2015
The specific targeting of either tumor cells or immune cells in vivo by carefully designed and appropriately surface-functionalized nanocarriers may become an effective therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases. Carbohydrates, which are prominent biomolecules, have shown their outstanding ability in balancing the biocompatibility, stability, biodegradability, and functionality of nanocarriers. The recent applications of sugar (mono/oligosaccharides and/or polysaccharides) for the development of nanomedicines are summarized in this review, including the application of carbohydrates for the surface-functionalization of various nanocarriers and for the construction of the nanocarrier its…
Aminofunctional polyethers: smart materials for applications in solution and on surfaces
2013
In recent years, biocompatible polyethers with multi-aminofunctionality have been used for a variety of applications in different fields. Both established and recently developed synthesis strategies for such polymers and applications as stimuli-responsive materials, non-viral vectors, shell crosslinked micelles and for surface functionalization are reviewed. The intriguing potential of such materials is due to both polyether and polyamine components and can thus be readily tuned by the copolymer microstructure and composition. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Cell Adhesive and Antifouling Polyvinyl Chloride Surfaces Via Wet Chemical Modification
2012
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most frequently used polymers for the manufacturing of medical devices. Limitations for its usage are based upon unfavorable surface properties of the polymer including its hydrophobicity and lack of functionalities in order to increase its versatility. To address this issue, wet chemical modification of PVC was performed through surface amination using the bifunctional compound ethylene diamine. The reaction was conducted in order to achieve maximum surface amination while leaving the bulk material unaffected. The initial activation step was characterized by means of various methods including contact angle measurements, colorimetric amine quantificati…
Boehmite Supported Pyrene Polyamine Systems as Probes for Iodide Recognition
2013
New organic–inorganic fluorescent probes made by attaching the tripodal polyamine (tris(2-aminoethyl))amine (tren), propylamine, or diethylenetriamine functionalized with pyrene as a fluorophore to an γ-aluminum oxohydroxide matrix have been prepared and studied both in solution and supported on the surface of boehmite nanoparticles. Both kinds of systems have been revealed as sensitive and selective fluorescence turn-off chemosensors for iodide in aqueous solution with an estimated detection limit that reaches 36 ppb. The recognition characteristics and photophysical properties of these molecules are essentially preserved when they are grafted to the surface of the particles. Since the nan…
Microscale magnesium distribution in shell of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: An example of multiple factors controlling Mg/Ca in…
2019
Abstract Since magnesium concentration (Mg/Ca) in biogenic calcite is considered to reflect water temperature during precipitation, the magnesium-to‑calcium ratio has been examined as a proxy for water temperature in paleoclimate research, although factors other than temperature may also influence Mg/Ca in biogenic calcite, thereby introducing a potential bias in the relationship between Mg/Ca and temperature observed in inorganic systems. To better understand factors controlling Mg incorporation into the calcitic shells of bivalves, the distribution of Mg in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was studied, being compared with ambient sea surface temperature (SST), shell grow…
Molecular Self-Assembly of Enantiopure Heptahelicene-2-Carboxylic Acid on Calcite (1014)
2012
Chirality can have a decisive influence on the molecular structure formation upon self-assembly on surfaces. In this paper, we study the structures formed by enantiopure (M)-heptahelicene-2-carboxylic acid ((M)-[7]HCA) on the calcite (10 (1) over bar4) cleavage plane under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. Previous noncontact atomic force microscopy studies have revealed that the racemic mixture of (M)-[7]HCA and (P)-[7]FICA (1:1) self-assembles into well-defined molecular double rows that are oriented along the calcite [01 (1) over bar0] direction. Here, we investigate the enantiopure (M)[7]HCA compound, resulting in distinctly different molecular structures upon deposition onto calcite (10 (1)…
Soil water repellency assessment in olive groves in Southern and Eastern Spain
2016
Soil water repellency (SWR) has been reported under different soils, land uses and regions of the world, particularly in forest land and after wildfires, yet the understanding of this variable in agricultural lands is still rather limited. This study presents the characterization from field-based measurements of SWR in four contrasted olive groves (Olea europaea L.) in Spain in terms of different environmental conditions and management: abandoned and commercial farms under permanent cover crop, conventional tillage and herbicide use. The main objectives were [1] to evaluate the potential occurrence, intensity and persistence of soil water repellency in different types of olive groves and [2…
Hybrid methacrylate monolithic columns containing magnetic nanoparticles for capillary electrochromatography
2015
Abstract Vinylized iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (VMNPs) were incorporated into polymethacrylate monolithic columns to develop novel stationary phases with enhanced separation performance. The VMNPs were dispersed in a polymerization mixture containing gycidyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as monomers, cyclohexanol and 1-dodecanol as porogens and azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator. The stability of the VMNPs in the polymerization mixture was investigated at several VMNP contents. Using short UV-polymerization times, polymeric beds with homogenously dispersed VMNPs were obtained. The novel stationary phases were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The chroma…
Methacrylate monolithic columns functionalized with epinephrine for capillary electrochromatography applications.
2013
Epinephrine-bonded polymeric monoliths for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) were developed by nucleophilic substitution reaction of epoxide groups of poly(glycidyl-methacrylate-co-ethylenedimethacrylate) (poly(GMA-co-EDMA)) monoliths using epinephrine as nucleophilic reagent. The ring opening reaction under dynamic conditions was optimized. Successful chemical modification of the monolith surface was ascertained by in situ Raman spectroscopy characterization. In addition, the amount of epinephrine groups that was bound to the monolith surface was evaluated by oxidation of the catechol groups with Ce(IV), followed by spectrophotometric measurement of unreacted Ce(IV). About 9% of all th…
Momentum-dependent interfacial tension in polymer solutions
2002
A model for the interface between a concentrated and a very dilute polymer solution is studied by Monte Carlo simulations at temperatures below the Theta temperature (in bad solvent conditions). The wave-number–dependent interfacial tension γ(q) is extracted from an analysis of the capillary wave amplitudes. It is shown that γ(q) decreases monotonically with q2, while no evidence is found for the predicted increase γ(q) ∝ κq2 with a positive bending rigidity κ of the interface at large q. Consequences for the interpretations of simulations and experiments on interfacial widths are briefly discussed.