Search results for "surface"

showing 10 items of 9345 documents

DELAYED ELECTRON EMISSION OF NEGATIVELY CHARGED TUNGSTEN CLUSTERS

1996

The delayed electron emission of negatively charged tungsten clusters has been investigated on a time scale from 1 to 500 ms. After being stored in a Penning trap clusters ions [Formula: see text] were heated via multiphoton absorption (hν=1.81 eV). In contrast to alkali and coinage metals no photofragmentation could be detected. Instead, for all cluster sizes studied so far only a decrease in the initial ion intensity as a function of time after excitation was observed. This decrease is not caused by ion loss from the trap, but has to be attributed to neutralization via delayed electron emission. The presented results strongly suggest that this process can be viewed as “thermionic emissio…

chemistry.chemical_elementCoinage metalsThermionic emissionSurfaces and InterfacesElectronTungstenCondensed Matter PhysicsAlkali metalPenning trapSurfaces Coatings and FilmsIonchemistryMaterials ChemistryAbsorption (chemistry)Atomic physicsSurface Review and Letters
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Synthesis of novel fluorinated building blocks via halofluorination and related reactions.

2020

A study exploring halofluorination and fluoroselenation of some cyclic olefins, such as diesters, imides, and lactams with varied functionalization patterns and different structural architectures is described. The synthetic methodologies were based on electrophilic activation through halonium ions of the ring olefin bonds, followed by nucleophilic fluorination with Deoxo-Fluor®. The fluorine-containing products thus obtained were subjected to elimination reactions, yielding various fluorine-containing small-molecular entities.

chemistry.chemical_elementRing (chemistry)Full Research Paperlcsh:QD241-441Elimination reactionNucleophilelcsh:Organic chemistryfluorinePolymer chemistryHalonium ionlcsh:Sciencestereocontrolorgaaniset yhdisteetOlefin fiberkemiallinen synteesiChemistryOrganic ChemistryfluorihalofluorinationChemistryfluoroselenationElectrophileFluorineSurface modificationfunctionalizationlcsh:QBeilstein journal of organic chemistry
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The hedgehog receptor patched is involved in cholesterol transport.

2011

International audience; BACKGROUND: Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling plays a crucial role in growth and patterning during embryonic development, and also in stem cell maintenance and tissue regeneration in adults. Aberrant Shh pathway activation is involved in the development of many tumors, and one of the most affected Shh signaling steps found in these tumors is the regulation of the signaling receptor Smoothened by the Shh receptor Patched. In the present work, we investigated Patched activity and the mechanism by which Patched inhibits Smoothened. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using the well-known Shh-responding cell line of mouse fibroblasts NIH 3T3, we first observed that enhancement …

ciliumlcsh:MedicineyeastBiochemistryReceptors G-Protein-CoupledTransmembrane Transport ProteinsMicechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineMolecular Cell Biology[SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringMembrane Receptor SignalingBiomacromolecule-Ligand InteractionsSonic hedgehoglcsh:ScienceComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryMechanisms of Signal TransductionVeratrum Alkaloids[SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineeringdrosophilaSmoothened ReceptorLipidsHedgehog signaling pathwayCell biologySterolsSmoothened ReceptorAlimentation et Nutritionembryonic structurescilMembranes and Sorting[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]Signal transductionvesicular traffickingSignal TransductionResearch Articleprimary ciliumPatched ReceptorsPatchedsignal-transductionanimal structuresCyclopamine[SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringBiophysicsReceptors Cell Surfacepathway activationSaccharomyces cerevisiaetransduction du signalBiology03 medical and health sciencessonic hedgehoglipidAnimalsHumansFood and NutritionHedgehog Proteins[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringBiology030304 developmental biologyPatched Receptorsprotein signalsCell Membranelcsh:RProteinscholesterolBiological TransportTransmembrane Proteinssterol-sensing domainchemistry[ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]NIH 3T3 Cellscholesterol;lipid;cell trafficking; yeast;drosophila;cells ; pathway activation; vesicular trafficking; signal-transduction; sonic hedgehog;sterol-sensing domain; primary cilium;protein signalsbiology.proteincellslcsh:Qcell traffickingSmoothened030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Climate change of Benin for the period 1950-2010 and its impact on surface water.

2016

6 pages; International audience; In West Africaand Benin in particular, variability / climate change affects the availability of surface water resources. Thus,this study aims to analyze the rainfall field of Benin from the fifty three (53) meteorological stations from 1950to 2010 and to detect the rainfall amounts and the average temperature of six synoptic stations and thehydrometric stations of Niger river in, Benin, Pendjari, Ouémé, Mono and Couffo. From the analysis a trend ofdeclining precipitation and of rising temperatures have been highlighted. This decrease is more pronounced inthe Sudanese area (north of 8 ° N) and in the sub-equatorial area (south of 8 ° N). This decrease of prec…

climatressources en eau de surfacelarge basins-slopesgrands bassins-versantssurface water resourcestendance[SDU.STU.CL] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatologytrend[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.HY] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/HydrologyBenin[ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology[SDU.STU.HY]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrology[ SDU.STU.HY ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Hydrologyclimate
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Pauls rectifiable and purely Pauls unrectifiable smooth hypersurfaces

2020

This paper is related to the problem of finding a good notion of rectifiability in sub-Riemannian geometry. In particular, we study which kind of results can be expected for smooth hypersurfaces in Carnot groups. Our main contribution will be a consequence of the following result: there exists a -hypersurface without characteristic points that has uncountably many pairwise non-isomorphic tangent groups on every positive-measure subset. The example is found in a Carnot group of topological dimension 8, it has Hausdorff dimension 12 and so we use on it the Hausdorff measure . As a consequence, we show that any Lipschitz map defined on a subset of a Carnot group of Hausdorff dimension 12, with…

codimension-one rectifiabilitysmooth hypersurface1ryhmäteoriaIntrinsic Lipschitz graphIntrinsic rectifiable setsubmanifoldsdifferentiaaligeometriaIntrinsic Cintrinsic Lipschitz graphCarnot groupsSmooth hypersurfaceMathematics::Metric Geometryintrinsic rectifiable setmittateoriaCodimension-one rectifiabilityCarnot groups; Codimension-one rectifiability; Intrinsic C; 1; submanifolds; Intrinsic Lipschitz graph; Intrinsic rectifiable set; Smooth hypersurface
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Cambios en el comercio exterior de los países del este. La difícil reinserción en Europa

1999

Changes in the foreign trade of the countries of the East. The difficult assimilation into Europe. The direction of the trading lines of the post-communist countries has been modified by the political and economical changes of the countries of the East of Europe, the dismantling of the COMECON, as well as by the disintegration of the USSR and the detente in the international relationships. During the forty years that the COMECON was prevailing, that region centred its attention on the USSR, but nowadays the East looiks at the West, concretaly at the European Union and more exactly at Germany. The composition of the imports and exports reveals the marked dependence on Central and Eastern Eur…

comercio exterior; Europa del Este; acuerdos de asociación; obstáculos al comercio; integración regional; commerce exterieur; Europe de l'Est; accords d'association; obstacles au commerce; integration régionaleGeography Planning and Developmentforeign trade; Eastern Europe; association agreements; difficulties in trading; regional assimilationlcsh:G1-922Eastern Europeregional assimilationaccords d'associationPoliticsobstacles au commercePolitical scienceEuropa del Estemedia_common.cataloged_instanceEuropean unionEarth-Surface Processesmedia_commonGeography (General)obstáculos al comerciodifficulties in tradingcommerce exterieurEurope de l'Estacuerdos de asociaciónintegración regionalintegration régionaleEconomyassociation agreementsG1-922foreign tradeSoviet unioncomercio exteriorlcsh:Geography (General)Estudios Geográficos
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The Aqua-Planet Experiment (APE): Response to Changed Meridional SST Profile

2013

This paper explores the sensitivity of Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM) simulations to changes in the meridional distribution of sea surface temperature (SST). The simulations are for an aqua-planet, a water covered Earth with no land, orography or sea- ice and with specified zonally symmetric SST. Simulations from 14 AGCMs developed for Numerical Weather Prediction and climate applications are compared. Four experiments are performed to study the sensitivity to the meridional SST profile. These profiles range from one in which the SST gradient continues to the equator to one which is flat approaching the equator, all with the same maximum SST at the equator. The zonal mean circ…

comparison of atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs)Atmospheric ScienceIntertropical Convergence ZoneEquator451Tropical waveOrographyZonal and meridionalprecipitationAtmospheric sciencesPhysics::GeophysicsLatitudeSea surface temperatureintertropical convergence zone (ITCZ)ClimatologyPhysics::Space PhysicsHadley cellHadley circulationsea surface temperature profilePhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsGeologyJournal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II
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A New System for Choosing the Form and Size of Complete Denture Anterior Teeth

2016

Introduction: In the absence of pre-extraction records, the choice of the size an form of anterior complete denture teeth can be extremely subjective. Several clinical and statistical parameters are usually used for choosing the correct size and form of the complete denture anterior teeth. Clinical Innovation: The technique consists of a system that allows the dentist to choose and, if necessary, easily change the dental mold during maxillomandibular recording session. The unique feature of the system is that six teeth of each mold are represented by veneers, which are connected to each other on the lingual surface by a fiber that allows each veneer some degree of movement. Discussion: This…

complete denturesLingual surfaceComputer sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentDentistry03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemSettore MED/28 - Malattie OdontostomatologicheArtifical teeth; clinical technique; complete dentures; dental aesthetics; oral rehabilitation; Dentistry (all)medicine030212 general & internal medicineSession (computer science)A fibersGeneral DentistryAnterior teethArtifical teethOrthodonticsbusiness.industry030206 dentistrycomplete dentureclinical techniquelcsh:RK1-715stomatognathic diseasesDental moldDental aestheticsdental aestheticoral rehabilitationlcsh:DentistryDentistry (all)Veneerdental aestheticsbusinessDental Hypotheses
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Exciton and multiexciton optical properties of single InAs/GaAs site-controlled quantum dots

2013

We have studied the optical properties of InAs site-controlled quantum dots (SCQDs) grown on pre-patterned GaAs substrates. Since InAs nucleates preferentially on the lithography motifs, the location of the resulting QDs is determined by the pattern, which is fabricated by local oxidation nanolithography. Optical characterization has been performed on such SCQDs to study the fundamental and excited states. At the ground state different exciton complex transitions of about 500 μeV linewidth have been identified and the fine structure splitting of the neutral exciton has been determined (≈65 μeV). The observed electronic structure covers the demands of future quantum information technologies.…

congenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalitiesPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencegenetic structuresPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)ExcitonPhysics::OpticsElectronic structureEmissionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceFine structureBiexcitonPhotonsCondensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industrynutritional and metabolic diseasesCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effecteye diseasesClose proximitySurfacesQuantum dotExcited stateOptoelectronicsInAs site-controlled quantum dots optical properties fine structure splittingbusinessGround stateState
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Agatha, Apollonia, Magdalene and Rosalia. The Restoration of four Paintings of the Mother Church in Partinico and Their enhancement

2019

The conservative intervention on four paintings preserved in the mother church of Partinico, in the province of Palermo, has allowed the recovery and enhancement of an important pictorial patrimony. The intervention, restoring the optimal conditions of the artifacts, has made possible the stylistic interpretation of the paintings, today referred to the environment of Neapolitan naturalism close to the classicist ways of Andrea Vaccaro.

conservative restoration surface cleaning baroque paintingsSettore L-ART/02 - Storia Dell'Arte Moderna
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