Search results for "switch."
showing 10 items of 463 documents
Design and realization of a DC/DC converter with a partially saturated inductor
2017
DC/DC converters, in some types of applications such as portable equipments, can require more space than it is actually available. The inductor is typically the most bulky element and the possibility to reduce its size can save up to 50% of the converter volume and area [1][2], thus increasing the power density. This reduction, however, comes with nonlinear effects caused by the saturation of the ferromagnetic core. An appropriate modelling of the inductor and of the converter circuit is needed for guaranteeing a good output power quality (Fig. 1). A Boost converter with an inductor in the partially saturated roll-off operating zone was designed and realized to study the behaviour of DC/DC …
Non-Linear Inductor Models Comparison for Switched-Mode Power Supplies Applications
2022
The use of non-linear power inductors, intended as devices exploited up to a current at which the inductance is halved, is of great interest in switched-mode power supplies (SMPSs). Indeed, it allows the use of lighter and cheaper inductors improving the power density. On the other hand, the analysis of SMPSs equipped with non-linear inductors requires appropriate modeling of the inductor reproducing the inductance versus current. This paper compares two main analytical models proposed in the literature: the former is based on a polynomial, and the latter exploits the arctangent function to reproduce the non-linearity of the inductance. Performance is compared by considering the effort of r…
Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions
2018
This review summarizes relevant research in the field of electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical (NEM) switches. The main switch architectures and structural elements are briefly described and compared. Investigation methods that allow for exploring coupled electromechanical interactions as well as studies of mechanically or electrically induced effects are covered. An examination of the complex nanocontact behaviour during various stages of the switching cycle is provided. The choice of the switching element and the electrode is addressed from the materials perspective, detailing the benefits and drawbacks for each. An overview of experimentally demonstrated NEM swi…
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia after rapid titration with intravenous morphine: Switching and re-titration to intravenous methadone.
2012
Rapid titration with intravenous morphine (IV-MO) provides fast and efficient pain relief in cancer patients with severe-excruciating pain. However, some patients, after an initially favourable response, can develop an hyperexcitated state unrelieved or worsened by further dose increments.Eighty-one patients admitted on emergency basis titrated with IV-MO were assessed.12 patients were unsuccessfully titrated with IV-MO. Switching to intravenous methadone (IV-ME) and titrating the doses proved to be successfully.In escalating opioid doses rapidly a recognition of the development of hyperalgesia should be suspected. Increasing doses of opioids may stimulate rather than inhibiting the central…
Przyczyny transferów poselskich w Sejmie w latach 2001-2015
2018
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie przyczyn zmiany przynależności klubowej w Sejmie w latach 2001-2015. Pod pojęciem „transferu” rozumiane są wszelkie zmiany przynależności klubowej mające miejsce w trakcie kadencji Sejmu, takie jak: rozłamy, odejścia, przejścia. Transfery takie mogą istotnie zmienić układ sil wewnątrz parlamentu ukształtowany w wyborach. Intencją autora jest wskazanie przyczyn tego zjawiska w Sejmie oraz jego kategoryzacja. Dokonana analiza pokazuje zasadnicze metodologiczne trudności z określeniem obiektywnych przyczyn transferów. Najczęściej wskazuje się różnice ideowo-programowe, jednakże analiza uwarunkowań, w których transfery się dokonują sugeruje, że często …
Transfery poselskie jako źródło nowych inicjatyw politycznych
2017
Partie polityczne – zgodnie z klasycznym ujęciem M. Duvergera – powstają według wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego trybu. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza powstawania partii politycznych w Polsce zgodnie z pierwszym trybem (wewnętrznym), wykorzystując do tego koncept „transferu parlamentarnego”, tj. zmian przynależności klubowej posłów skutkujących powstaniem nowej partii politycznej.
Heat-sensitive UV-Vis measurements for Phytochrome
2016
Fytokromit ovat punaista valoa aistivia proteiineja, jotka säätelevät suurta joukkoa solun toimintoja kasvi-, bakteeri- ja sienisoluissa. Nämä valoaktiiviset proteiinit muuntavat konformaatiotaan palautuvasti aktiivisen (Pfr) ja inaktiivisen (Pr) tilan välillä. Fytokromien aminohappojen väliset heikot vuorovaikutukset - etenkin vetysidokset - vaikuttavat lopulta laskostumiseen ja proteiinin lämpöstabiiliuteen. Fytokromit esiintyvät homodimeerisinä rakenteina, joiden monomeerit koostuvat useista domeeneista. Nämä jakautuvat N- terminaaliseen valosensitiiviseen moduuliin (PSM) ja C-terminaaliseen OutPut moduliin (OPM). PSM koostuu kolmesta domeenista (PAS-GAF ja PHY). Tässä työssä tutkittiin …
Transfery poselskie w Sejmie III RP jako element strategii politycznej
2019
The article aims to explain the phenomenon of parliamentary party switching in the context of political strategy Switching parties by legislators during the term is often seen as an opportunistic behavior, focused on obtaining attractive places on electoral party lists The paper’s goals are to determine if the legislators’ will to switch parties is correlated with the party public support and, finally, if the deputies truly have better chances of winning reelection if they switch parties
An Innovative Coupling Solution for Power Line Communication in MV Electrical Networks
2019
One of the main problems in the diffusion of power line communication (PLC) in medium voltage (MV) networks is the need of a dedicated PLC coupler to be installed all over the network. To avoid this problem, the authors have studied, prototyped and patented an innovative PLC coupling solution which uses electrical elements embedded in most of the switchgears already installed in MV networks, i.e. the capacitive dividers of the voltage detecting systems (VDS). The new solution prototype is described in this paper, highlighting the advantages in terms of a significant reduction of both direct costs of equipment and infrastructures and indirect costs of installation and service interruption. T…
Micro-interactional insights from the English as a foreign language classroom
2014
In this paper, we examine instances of the methods pupils deploy to do language policy in an English as a foreign language classroom in Sweden, where there is a locally practised English-only rule. Although we exemplify some more tacit methods of constructing a monolingual classroom (Slotte-Lüttge 2007), we focus primarily on instances where pupils police other pupils and on occasion even the teacher, when they are perceived not to be upholding the rule. This blatantly explicit method of pupils doing language policy, which we term language policing, generally serves to (re-) establish and maintain English as the medium of interaction and instruction. The data for this study consists of vide…