Search results for "ta114"

showing 10 items of 1144 documents

Characterization of a cryogenic ion guide at IGISOL

2012

A small volume cryogenic ion guide has been characterized at the IGISOL facility, Jyvaskyla, as a prototype to verify whether there are any major obstacles to the use of high-density cryogenic helium gas for the stopping and extraction of high-energy ions from a large volume cryogenic ion catcher. The expected temperature scaling of the mass flow through the ion guide has been confirmed, showing that for the same helium density, the differential pumping requirements are less stringent for cryogenic operation. At 90 K a clear reduction in the mass-analyzed impurities is achieved, although lower temperatures are required to freeze out oxygen and nitrogen. This is supported by the reduction in…

EXTRACTIONNuclear and High Energy PhysicsDISSOCIATIVE RECOMBINATIONOrders of magnitude (temperature)Mass flowCryogenic gas cellONLINEchemistry.chemical_elementPRESSURENOIonIon beam depositionELECTRON-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCEASSOCIATION REACTIONSRadioactive ion beamsInstrumentationHeliumDissociative recombinationIon guidePhysicsta114Volume (thermodynamics)chemistryGASAtomic physicsBeam (structure)HELIUMNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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Site-specific targeting of enterovirus capsid by functionalized monodisperse gold nanoclusters

2014

Development of precise protocols for accurate site-specific conjugation of monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles to biological material is one of the challenges in contemporary bionanoscience and nanomedicine. We report here a successful site-specific covalent conjugation of functionalized atomically monodisperse gold clusters with 1.5-nm metal cores to viral surfaces. Water-soluble Au102(para-mercaptobenzoic acid)44 clusters, functionalized by maleimide linkers to target cysteines of viral capsid proteins, were synthesized and conjugated to enteroviruses echovirus 1 and coxsackievirus B3. Quantitative analysis of transmission electron microscopy images and the known virus structures showed …

EchovirusMaterials sciencevirusesta221Metal NanoparticlesConjugated systemmedicine.disease_causeVirusCell LineNanoclusterschemistry.chemical_compoundCapsidMicroscopy Electron Transmissionmedicineta116MaleimideEnterovirusMultidisciplinaryta114ta1182CrystallographychemistryCapsidCovalent bondPhysical SciencesBiophysicsNanomedicineGoldProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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Communication modes in vector diffraction

2010

The communication modes, which mathematically correspond to singular value decomposition, have proven a useful concept in optical scalar-field diffraction, with applications in resolution studies, image synthesis, and wave propagation. For optical near-field geometries the communication modes have to be extended to electromagnetic field accounting for the polarization properties. In this paper we present the vector-valued communication modes method based on the rigorous electric-field diffraction integral. As a special case the transverse-electric scalar field modes are obtained. The intensity and polarization properties of the leading electromagnetic communication modes in near-field arran…

Electromagnetic fieldDiffractionGuided-mode resonanceta221diffractionoptical informationsymbols.namesakeOpticspropagationStokes parametersElectrical and Electronic Engineeringta218Physicsta214ta114business.industryOptical polarizationwave opticsPhysical opticsPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthsymbolsbusinessnear fieldsOptik
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Stimulated quasiparticles in spin-split superconductors

2015

Under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC-BY).

Electromagnetic fieldField (physics)FOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologysuperconductorsspin7. Clean energy01 natural sciencessuprajohteetSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsta216Spin-½PhysicsSuperconductivityCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114Condensed matter physicsSpin polarizationScatteringCondensed Matter - Superconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyQuasiparticleCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyExcitationPhysical Review B
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Synthetic electromagnetic knot in a three-dimensional skyrmion

2018

We experimentally simulate a quantum-mechanical particle interacting with knotted electromagnetic fields.

Electromagnetic fieldField (physics)skyrmionsQuantum Hall effect01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasElectromagnetism0103 physical sciencesQuantum systemClassical electromagnetismknotted electromagnetic field structureskvanttifysiikka010306 general physicsQuantumResearch ArticlesSpin-½PhysicsMultidisciplinaryta114Physicssähkömagneettiset kentätBose-Einstein condensatesSciAdv r-articlesCondensed Matter PhysicsMathematics::Geometric TopologyClassical mechanicsResearch ArticleScience Advances
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Time-dependent Kohn-Sham approach to quantum electrodynamics

2010

We prove a generalization of the van Leeuwen theorem towards quantum electrodynamics, providing the formal foundations of a time-dependent Kohn-Sham construction for coupled quantized matter and electromagnetic fields. Thereby we circumvent the symmetry-causality problems associated with the action-functional approach to Kohn-Sham systems. We show that the effective external four-potential and four-current of the Kohn-Sham system are uniquely defined and that the effective four-current takes a very simple form. Further we rederive the Runge-Gross theorem for quantum electrodynamics.

Electromagnetic fieldGeneralizationKohn–Sham equationsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCausality (physics)Condensed Matter::Materials ScienceSimple (abstract algebra)0103 physical sciencesQuantum no-deleting theoremPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsPhysicsPhysics::Computational PhysicsQuantum Physicsta114021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSymmetry (physics)Condensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterQuantum electrodynamicsStochastic electrodynamics0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Ultra-nonlocality in density functional theory for photo-emission spectroscopy.

2014

We derive an exact expression for the photo-current of photo-emission spectroscopy using time-dependent current density functional theory (TDCDFT). This expression is given as an integral over the Kohn-Sham spectral function renormalized by effective potentials that depend on the exchange-correlation kernel of current density functional theory. We analyze in detail the physical content of this expression by making a connection between the density-functional expression and the diagrammatic expansion of the photo-current within many-body perturbation theory. We further demonstrate that the density functional expression does not provide us with information on the kinetic energy distribution of…

Electromagnetic fieldPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials Scienceta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsphotocurrentsphotoelectron spectroscopyGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesKinetic energySettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaQuantum nonlocalitykineticsQuantum electrodynamicsKernel (statistics)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Density functional theoryEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPerturbation theorySpectroscopyThe Journal of chemical physics
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Hidden Structural Features of Multicompartment Micelles Revealed by Cryogenic Transmission Electron Tomography

2014

The demand for ever more complex nanostructures in materials and soft matter nanoscience also requires sophisticated characterization tools for reliable visualization and interpretation of internal morphological features. Here, we address both aspects and present synthetic concepts for the compartmentalization of nanoparticle peripheries as well as their in situ tomographic characterization. We first form negatively charged spherical multicompartment micelles from ampholytic triblock terpolymers in aqueous media, followed by interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) formation of the anionic corona with bis-hydrophilic cationic/neutral diblock copolymers. At a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of anionic a…

Electron Microscope TomographyMaterials sciencePolymersProton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopyta221electron tomographyGeneral Physics and AstronomyIonic bondingNanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMicelleCopolymerGeneral Materials ScienceSoft matterMicellesta218ta214ta114interpolyelectrolyte complexesGeneral EngineeringCationic polymerization021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemical engineeringChromatography GelCryo-electron tomographySelf-assembly0210 nano-technologyACS Nano
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Gigahertz Single-Electron Pumping Mediated by Parasitic States

2018

In quantum metrology, semiconductor single-electron pumps are used to generate accurate electric currents with the ultimate goal of implementing the emerging quantum standard of the ampere. Pumps based on electrostatically defined tunable quantum dots (QDs) have thus far shown the most promising performance in combining fast and accurate charge transfer. However, at frequencies exceeding approximately 1 GHz, the accuracy typically decreases. Recently, hybrid pumps based on QDs coupled to trap states have led to increased transfer rates due to tighter electrostatic confinement. Here, we operate a hybrid electron pump in silicon obtained by coupling a QD to multiple parasitic states, and achi…

Electron capturePhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesBioengineering02 engineering and technologyElectron7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesQuantization (physics)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Quantum metrologyGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsQuantumQCPhysicsta214Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114business.industryMechanical EngineeringQuantum dotsiliconGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSemiconductorQuantum dotquantum electrical metrologysingle-electron pumpOptoelectronicsElectric current0210 nano-technologybusinessNANO LETTERS
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Towards saturation of the electron-capture delayed fission probability: The new isotopes $^{240}Es$ and $^{236}Bk$

2016

Abstract The new neutron-deficient nuclei 240 Es and 236 Bk were synthesised at the gas-filled recoil separator RITU. They were identified by their radioactive decay chains starting from 240 Es produced in the fusion–evaporation reaction 209 Bi( 34 S,3n) 240 Es. Half-lives of 6 ( 2 ) s and 22 − 6 + 13 s were obtained for 240 Es and 236 Bk, respectively. Two groups of α particles with energies E α = 8.19 ( 3 ) MeV and 8.09 ( 3 ) MeV were unambiguously assigned to 240 Es. Electron-capture delayed fission branches with probabilities of 0.16 ( 6 ) and 0.04 ( 2 ) were measured for 240 Es and 236 Bk, respectively. These new data show a continuation of the exponential increase of ECDF probabilitie…

Electron-capture delayed fissionNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectron captureFissionFusion–evaporation reaction236[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]236 Bk01 natural sciences7. Clean energyRecoil separatorNuclear physicsfusion-evaporation reactionsE236Bk240Es240 Es0103 physical sciencesddc:530010306 general physicsα decayisotopesPhysics240Isotopeta114Isotopes with mass 236–240010308 nuclear & particles physicslcsh:QC1-999Exponential functionBkmassAtomic physicsSaturation (chemistry)Fusion–evaporation reactionsα particleslcsh:PhysicsRadioactive decay
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