Search results for "target"

showing 10 items of 1196 documents

Stochastic dynamics of leukemic cells under an intermittent targeted therapy

2009

The evolutionary dynamics of cancerous cell populations in a model of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is investigated in the presence of an intermittent targeted therapy. Cancer development and progression is modeled by simulating the stochastic evolution of initially healthy cells which can experience genetic mutations and modify their reproductive behavior, becoming leukemic clones. Front line therapy for the treatment of patients affected by CML is based on the administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, namely imatinib (Gleevec) or, more recently, dasatinib or nilotinib. Despite the fact that they represent the first example of a successful molecular targeted therapy, the development o…

Statistics and ProbabilityComplex systemsmedicine.medical_treatmentModels BiologicalPiperazinesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaCancer evolutionTargeted therapyLeukemia Myelogenous Chronic BCR-ABL Positivehemic and lymphatic diseasesStochastic dynamics; Cancer evolution; Complex systemsHumansMedicineComputer SimulationStochastic dynamicMolecular Targeted TherapyProtein Kinase InhibitorsEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsStochastic Processesbusiness.industryApplied MathematicsMyeloid leukemiaImatinibmedicine.diseaseSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)DasatinibLeukemiaPyrimidinesImatinib mesylateNilotinibStochastic dynamics Monte Carlo simulationBenzamidesImmunologyCancer cellDisease ProgressionImatinib MesylateCancer researchbusinessmedicine.drug
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Prospective analysis of infectious disease surveillance data using syndromic information.

2014

In this paper, we describe a Bayesian hierarchical Poisson model for the prospective analysis of data for infectious diseases. The proposed model consists of two components. The first component describes the behavior of disease during nonepidemic periods and the second component represents the increase in disease counts due to the presence of an epidemic. A novelty of our model formulation is that the parameters describing the spread of epidemics are allowed to vary in both space and time. We also show how syndromic information can be incorporated into the model to provide a better description of the data and more accurate one-step-ahead forecasts. These real-time forecasts can be used to …

Statistics and ProbabilityEpidemiologySouth CarolinaBayesian probabilityDiseasecomputer.software_genreCommunicable Diseasessymbols.namesakeProspective analysisHealth Information ManagementMedicineHumansPoisson regressionProspective StudiesBronchitisbusiness.industryNoveltyOutbreakBayes TheoremModels TheoreticalInfectious disease (medical specialty)Population SurveillancesymbolsTargeted surveillanceData miningbusinesscomputerStatistical methods in medical research
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DRUDIT: Web-based DRUgs DIscovery Tools to design small molecules as modulators of biological targets

2019

Abstract Motivation New in silico tools to predict biological affinities for input structures are presented. The tools are implemented in the DRUDIT (DRUgs DIscovery Tools) web service. The DRUDIT biological finder module is based on molecular descriptors that are calculated by the MOLDESTO (MOLecular DEScriptors TOol) software module developed by the same authors, which is able to calculate more than one thousand molecular descriptors. At this stage, DRUDIT includes 250 biological targets, but new external targets can be added. This feature extends the application scope of DRUDIT to several fields. Moreover, two more functions are implemented: the multi- and on/off-target tasks. These tool…

Statistics and ProbabilityService (systems architecture)PolypharmacologyComputer scienceIn silicoMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesBiochemistrybiological target finderdrug discoveryMolecular descriptors03 medical and health sciencesMolecular descriptorSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaWeb applicationComputer SimulationPolypharmacologyMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologySettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniInternet0303 health sciencesbusiness.industrySmall moleculeSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science Applications010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsBiological targetThe InternetArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerSoftware
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Towards next-generation diagnostics for tuberculosis: identification of novel molecular targets by large-scale comparative genomics.

2020

5 páginas, 2 figuras. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: The database of non-tuberculous mycobacteria assemblies can be accessed at: 10.5281/zenodo.3374377. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btz729

Statistics and ProbabilityTuberculosisGenomicsComputational biologyBiologyBiochemistryMycobacterium tuberculosis03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansTuberculosisDiscovery NotesMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologyComparative genomics0303 health sciences030306 microbiologyScale (chemistry)GenomicsMycobacterium tuberculosismedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationGenome Analysis3. Good healthComputer Science ApplicationsComputational MathematicsComputational Theory and MathematicsMycobacterium tuberculosis complexMolecular targetsIdentification (biology)BiomarkersBioinformatics (Oxford, England)
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Analysis of the thermomechanical behavior of the IFMIF bayonet target assembly under design loading scenarios

2015

In the framework of the IFMIF Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activities (IFMIF/EVEDA) phase, ENEA is responsible for the design of the European concept of the IFMIF lithium target system which foresees the possibility to periodically replace only the most irradiated and thus critical component (i.e., the backplate) while continuing to operate the rest of the target for a longer period (the so-called bayonet backplate concept). In this work, the results of the steady state thermomechanical analysis of the IFMIF bayonet target assembly under two different design loading scenarios (a "hot" scenario and a "cold" scenario) are briefly reported highlighting the relevant indications…

Steady stateEngineering designComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringStructural integrityIFMIF Target assembly Bayonet backplate Engineering design ThermomechanicsThermomechanicStress (mechanics)ThermomechanicsHigh fluxNuclear Energy and EngineeringLinearizationTarget assemblyComponent (UML)Thermomechanics;Bayonet backplate;Engineering design;Target assembly;IFMIFIFMIFGeneral Materials ScienceEngineering design processBayonet backplateMiddle planeSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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On the thermomechanical behavior of the European target assembly design of IFMIF-EVEDA lithium test loop under start-up transient scenarios

2013

Uncoupled thermomechanical transient analyses have been carried out to investigate the behavior of IFMIF-EVEDA lithium test loop bayonet backplate target assembly under two selected start-up transient operational scenarios. The first transient scenario considered foresees that the target assembly, starting from the initial uniform temperature of 50 C, is heated up uniquely by convective heat transfer with lithium, flowing from inlet to outlet nozzle at its reference nominal temperature and pressure, until its nominal steady state thermal field distribution is reached. The second transient scenario foresees, more realistically, that the target assembly, starting from the uniform temperature …

Steady stateMaterials scienceConvective heat transferMechanical EngineeringNozzleFlow (psychology)chemistry.chemical_elementMechanicsThermomechanicsIFMIF-EVEDA lithium test loop Target assembly Thermomechanics Start-up transientTarget assembly;Start-up transient;IFMIF-EVEDA lithium test loop;ThermomechanicsNuclear Energy and EngineeringHeat fluxchemistryIFMIF-EVEDA lithium test loopTarget assemblyThermalStart-up transientGeneral Materials ScienceLithiumTransient (oscillation)Settore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural Engineering
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Study of the thermo-mechanical performances of the IFMIF-EVEDA Lithium Test Loop target assembly

2012

Abstract Within the framework of the IFMIF R&D program and in close cooperation with ENEA-Brasimone, at the Department of Energy of the University of Palermo a research campaign has been launched to investigate the thermo-mechanical behavior of the target assembly under both steady state and start-up transient conditions. A theoretical approach based on the finite element method (FEM) has been followed and a well-known commercial code has been adopted. A realistic 3D FEM model of the target assembly has been set-up and optimized by running a mesh independency analysis. A proper set of loads and boundary conditions, mainly concerned with radiation heat transfer between the target assembly ex…

Steady stateMaterials scienceIFMIF Target assembly Thermo-mechanicsMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringLithium testFinite element methodLoop (topology)Hydrostatic testNuclear Energy and EngineeringHeat transferGeneral Materials ScienceTransient (oscillation)Boundary value problemSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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Flavour Separation of Helicity Distributions from Deep Inelastic Muon-Deuteron Scattering

2009

We present a LO evaluation of helicity densities of valence, \Delta u_v+\Delta d_v, non-strange sea, \Delta\bar{u}+\Delta\bar{d}, and strange quarks, \Delta s (assumed to be equal to \Delta\bar{s}). They have been obtained from the inclusive asymmetry A_{3,d} and the semi-inclusive asymmetries A^{\pi+}_{1,d}, A^{\pi-}_{1,d}, A^{K+}_{1,d}, A^{K-}_{1,d} measured in polarised deep inelastic muon-deuteron scattering. The full deuteron statistics of COMPASS (years 2002-2004 and 2006) has been used. The data cover the range Q^2 > 1 (GeV/c)^2 and 0.004<x<0.3. Both non-strange densities are found to be in a good agreement with previous measurements. The distribution of \Delta s(x) is compatible wit…

Strange quarkPOLARIZED TARGETNuclear TheoryVALENCE QUARK DISTRIBUTION; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; POLARIZED TARGET; NUCLEON; PROTON; DISPolarised DIS and SIDISPROTON01 natural sciencesCOMPASSParton distribution functionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentCOMPASS; double-spin asymmetry; helicity density; parton distribution function; flavour sep- aration analysis; polarised DIS and SIDIS reactions; charged kaon asymmetrypolarised DIS and SIDIS reactionHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Helicity densityVALENCE QUARK DISTRIBUTIONNUCLEONNuclear Experimentmedia_commonQuantum chromodynamicsPhysicsFlavour separation analysisHelicityCharged kaon asymmetryNucleondouble-spin asymmetryParticle Physics - Experimentcharged kaon asymmetryParticle physicsNuclear and High Energy Physicsreactionsflavour sep- aration analysismedia_common.quotation_subjectFOS: Physical sciencesparton distribution functionAsymmetryNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesflavour sep- aration analysiPolarised DIS and SIDIS reactions010306 general physicsfunctionDISMuonValence (chemistry)010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringParton distributionPARTON DISTRIBUTIONSHigh Energy Physics::Experimenthelicity densityDouble-spin asymmetry
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Characterization of poultry egg-white avidins and their potential as a tool in pretargeting cancer treatment.

2003

Chicken avidin and bacterial streptavidin are proteins used in a wide variety of applications in the life sciences due to their strong affinity for biotin. A new and promising use for them is in medical pretargeting cancer treatments. However, their pharmacokinetics and immunological properties are not always optimal, thereby limiting their use in these applications. To search for potentially beneficial new candidates, we screened egg white from four different poultry species for avidin. Avidin proteins, isolated from the duck, goose, ostrich and turkey, showed a similar tetrameric structure, similar glycosylation and stability against both temperature and proteolytic activity of proteinase…

StreptavidinGlycosylationanimal structuresBiotinBiochemistryAntibodiesBirds03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineGooseBiotinstomatognathic systemSequence Analysis Proteinbiology.animalNeoplasmsAnimalsMolecular BiologyPhylogeny030304 developmental biologyPretargeting0303 health sciencesbiologyCell Biologyrespiratory systemProteinase KAvidinMolecular biology3. Good healthchemistryBiochemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisbiology.proteinAvidinEgg whiteResearch ArticleProtein Binding
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Thermomechanical analysis supporting the preliminary engineering design of DONES target assembly

2018

Abstract The design of the Demo Oriented NEutron Source (DONES) is the main objective of the Work Package Early Neutron Source (WPENS) of EUROfusion Power Plant Physics and Technology (PPPT) programme. DONES is an IFMIF-based neutron source with the goal of testing and qualifying candidate materials to be used in DEMO and future fusion power plants. In the framework of these activities, a research campaign has been carried out at the University of Palermo, in close cooperation with ENEA labs, in order to assess the thermomechanical performances of the DONES target system, endowed with an integrated Target Assembly (TA) when it undergoes the thermomechanical loads typical of its nominal oper…

Structural materialPower stationMechanical EngineeringNuclear engineeringFusion power7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesThermomechanicFinite element method010305 fluids & plasmasNuclear Energy and EngineeringTarget assemblyLinearization0103 physical sciencesIFMIFNeutron sourceDONESGeneral Materials ScienceMaterials Science (all)010306 general physicsEngineering design processFEM analysiSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariBeam (structure)Civil and Structural EngineeringFusion Engineering and Design
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