Search results for "techniques"

showing 10 items of 4426 documents

Determination of the irradiation field at the research reactor TRIGA Mainz for BNCT.

2009

For the application of the BNCT for the excorporal treatment of organs at the TRIGA Mainz, the basic characteristics of the radiation field in the thermal column as beam geometry, neutron and gamma ray energies, angular distributions, neutron flux, as well as absorbed gamma and neutron doses must be determined in a reproducible way. To determine the mixed irradiation field thermoluminescence detectors (TLD) made of CaF(2):Tm with a newly developed energy-compensation filter system and LiF:Mg,Ti materials with different (6)Li concentrations and different thicknesses as well as thin gold foils were used.

Radiation-Sensitizing AgentsMaterials scienceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsBoron Neutron Capture TherapyIn Vitro TechniquesThermoluminescenceTransplantation AutologousTRIGAFast NeutronsFluoridesIsotopesNeutron fluxNuclear ReactorsGermanyHumansNeutronIrradiationBoronRadiationPhantoms ImagingRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedRadiochemistryLiver NeoplasmsGamma rayLiver TransplantationTransplantationEnergy TransferGamma RaysLithium CompoundsThermoluminescent DosimetryThermoluminescent dosimeterApplied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine
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The SPEDE spectrometer

2017

8 pags., 10 figs., 2 tabs.

Radioactive ion beamsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsElectron spectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFOS: Physical sciencesElectronnucl-ex7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesMomentumNuclear physicsInternal conversion0103 physical sciencesNuclear Physics - ExperimentDetectors and Experimental TechniquesNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentNuclear Experimentphysics.ins-detPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderSpectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Magnetic fieldPhysics::Accelerator Physics
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Left ventricular hypertrophy or storage disease? the incremental value of speckle tracking strain bull's-eye

2017

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) develops in response to a variety of physical, genetic, and biochemical stimuli and represents the early stage of ventricular remodeling. In patients with LVH, subclinical left ventricular (LV) dysfunction despite normal ejection fraction (EF) may be present before the onset of symptoms, which portends a dismal prognosis. Strain measurement with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) represents a highly reproducible and accurate alternative to LVEF determination. The present review focuses on current available evidence that supports the incremental value of STE in the diagnostic and prognostic workup of LVH. When assessing the components o…

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and ImagingSpeckle tracking echocardiographyDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyLeft ventricular hypertrophytwo-dimensional strain0302 clinical medicineCardiomegaly Exercise-Induced030212 general & internal medicineanabolic steroidSubclinical infectionamyloidosiEvidence-Based MedicineEjection fractionHypertrophic cardiomyopathyleft ventricular hypertrophyEchocardiographyCardiologyElasticity Imaging TechniquesHypertrophy Left VentricularRadiologyCardiomyopathiesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyarterial hypertensionReproducibility of ResultSensitivity and SpecificityDiagnosis Differential03 medical and health sciencesElasticity Imaging TechniqueInternal medicinemedicineathlete's heartHumanscardiovascular diseasesVentricular remodelingspeckle tracking echocardiographyCardiomyopathiebusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsStroke Volumeaortic stenosiImage Enhancementmedicine.diseasehypertrophic cardiomyopathyDifferential diagnosisMetabolism Inborn ErrorbusinessMetabolism Inborn Errors
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Soil water erosion on Mediterranean vineyards: A review

2016

Soil water erosion on cultivated lands represents a severe threat to soil resources in the world, and especially in Mediterranean areas, due to their topographic, edaphic and climatic conditions. Among the cultivated lands, vineyards deserve a particular attention because, aside representing one of the most important crops in terms of income and employment, they also have proven to be the form of agricultural use that causes one of the highest soil losses. Although the topic of soil water erosion on vineyards has been studied, it still raises uncertainties, due to the high variability of procedures for data acquisition, which consists into different scales of analysis and measurement method…

RainfallMediterranean climateTopographyErosion rates010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesSoil functionsSoil conservation techniques0105 earth and related environmental sciencesEarth-Surface ProcessesHydrologybusiness.industryAgricultureEdaphic04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesAgricultureSoil water040103 agronomy & agricultureErosion0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental scienceSoil propertiesViticultureAgriculture; Erosion rates; Rainfall; Soil conservation techniques; Soil properties; Topography; Earth-Surface ProcessesSoil conservationbusinessWater resource managementCATENA
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Raman Scattering Applied to Materials Science

2015

Abstract One of the most powerful techniques to extract physical and chemical information of a material is the light scattering. Opposite to x-ray scattering for instance, where an average of the sample properties is obtained, Raman scattering is a local probe which can be used to detect inhomogeneities, local strain, lack of crystallinity, anharmonicities or information on the electronic structure by means of resonant Raman scattering. In this work, we will analyze the main contributions of Raman scattering in Materials Sciences. After a brief introduction of the technique and the equipment needed for the physical measurements, we will give practical examples of Raman scattering measuremen…

Raman scatteringMaterials sciencematerials scienceScatteringbusiness.industrysemiconductorsGeneral MedicineElectronic structureSmall-angle neutron scatteringLight scatteringsymbols.namesakeOpticsX-ray Raman scatteringsymbolsinsulatorsCoherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopybusinessRaman scatteringX-ray scattering techniquesProcedia Materials Science
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Filamentous fungi transported by birds during migration across the mediterranean sea.

2013

The potential for the transport and diffusion of some pathogenic microorganisms by migratory birds is of concern. Migratory birds may be involved in the dispersal of microorganisms and may play a role of mechanical and biological vectors. The efficiency of dispersal of pathogenic microorganisms depends on a wide range of biotic and abiotic factors that influence the survival or disappearance of a given agent in a geographical area. In the present study, 349 migratory birds were captured in four sites (Mazara del Vallo, Lampedusa, Ustica and Linosa), representing the main stop-over points during spring and autumnal migration, and analyzed for the presence of filamentous fungi. A total of 2,3…

Range (biology)MicroorganismCladosporium cladosporioidesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyAlternaria alternataBirdsMediterranean seaSpecies levelMediterranean SeaAnimalsHumansAnimals; Birds; Humans; Mediterranean Region; Mediterranean Sea; Molecular Typing; Mycological Typing Techniques; Mycoses; Animal Migration; FungiMycological Typing TechniquesAbiotic componentbiologyEcologyMediterranean RegionFungiGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationfungi identification birds migration SicilyMolecular TypingMycosesBiological dispersalAnimal MigrationSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia AgrariaCurrent microbiology
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Oxygen diffusivity in tumor tissue (DS-Carcinosarcoma) under temperature conditions within the range of 20?40�C

1977

The O2 diffusion constants D and K of tumor tissue (DS-Carcinosarcoma in the rat kidney) were determined at temperatures of 20, 30, 37, and 40 degrees C. The following mean values were obtained for the conditions of 37 degrees C: D = 1.75-10(-5) cm2/s and K = 1.9-10(-5) mlO2/cm-min-atm. Within the range of 20-40 degrees C, temperature variations in tumor tissue cause changes in the O2 diffusion coefficient D of 2.0-2.5%/C and in the Krogh O2 diffusion constant K of 0.5-1.5%/C. The measured O2 diffusion constants for tumor tissue correspond to values of normal tissue with similar water content. This indicates that the insufficient O2 supply in DS-Carcinosarcoma is due not to unfavorable O2 d…

Range (particle radiation)PhysiologyChemistryDiffusionClinical BiochemistryTemperatureAnalytical chemistryRat kidneychemistry.chemical_elementNeoplasms ExperimentalIn Vitro TechniquesThermal diffusivityOxygenTumor tissueFick's laws of diffusionRatsDiffusionOxygen ConsumptionNuclear magnetic resonanceCarcinosarcomaPhysiology (medical)AnimalsNormocapniaPfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology
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Pharmacological approach to the pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of Ranunculus sceleratus L.

2003

Ranunculus sceleratus is a widespread species with unique toxicological and pharmacological activities. The present study seeks to assess this species' ability, both in vitro and in vivo, to modulate processes involved in inflammations. To this end, different extracts from the aerial parts of the plant were tested in several models of acute inflammation induced by tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA), arachidonic acid (AA), and carrageenan, as well as in two models of delayed hypersensitivity induced by oxazolone and dinitrofluorobencene (DNFB). The extracts were also assayed in models of eicosanoid and elastase release by intact cells. When tested in vivo, all of the extracts showed anti-inf…

RanunculusCell SurvivalNeutrophilsmedicine.drug_classAnti-Inflammatory AgentsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyDermatitis ContactAnti-inflammatoryOxazoloneMicechemistry.chemical_compoundIn vivoDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsEdemaRanunculus sceleratusRats WistarPeritoneal CavityInflammationPharmacologyPlant ExtractsPlant Components Aerialbiology.organism_classificationRatsBiochemistrychemistryEicosanoidDelayed hypersensitivityTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateFemalePhytotherapyEicosanoid ProductionJournal of Ethnopharmacology
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Sex steroids, carcinogenesis, and cancer progression

2004

The relationship between sex steroids and cancer has been studied for more than a century. Using an original intact cell analysis, we investigated sex steroid metabolism in a panel of human cancer cell lines, either hormone responsive or unresponsive, originating from human breast, endometrium, and prostate. We found that highly divergent patterns of steroid metabolism exist and that the catalytic preference (predominantly reductive or oxidative) is strictly associated with the steroid receptor status of cells. We explored intra-tissue concentrations and profiles of estrogens in a set of human breast tumors as compared to normal mammary tissues, also in relation to their estrogen receptor s…

Receptor StatusTime FactorsIntratumor estrogenCatecholsBreast cancer; Intratumor estrogens; Sex steroids; Adsorption; Androstenedione; Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Catalysis; Catechols; Cell Line Tumor; Chromatography High Pressure Liquid; Disease Progression; Estradiol; Estrogens; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Ions; Kinetics; Models Biological; Neoplasms; Steroids; Time Factors; Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Sex steroidmedicine.disease_causeEndometriumCatalysiBreast cancerNeoplasmsEstrogen Receptor StatusChromatography High Pressure LiquidEstradiolGeneral NeuroscienceSex hormone receptormedicine.anatomical_structureDisease ProgressionSteroidsBreast NeoplasmHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorBreast NeoplasmsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyModels BiologicalCatalysisGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyBreast cancerHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCell Line TumorInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansIonSteroidKineticIonsBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)AnimalIn Vitro TechniqueAndrostenedioneCancerEstrogensmedicine.diseaseEstrogenKineticsEndocrinologySex steroidCatecholNeoplasmAdsorptionCarcinogenesis
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1-Methyl-?-carboline (Harmane), a potent endogenous inhibitor of benzodiazepine receptor binding

1980

The interaction of several beta-carbolines with specific [3H]-flunitrazepam binding to benzodiazepine receptors in rat brain membranes was investigated. Out of the investigated compounds, harmane and norharmane were the most potent inhibitors of specific [3H]-flunitrazepam binding, with IC50-values in the micromolar range. All other derivatives, including harmine, harmaline, and several tetrahydroderivatives were at least ten times less potent. Harmane has been previously found in rat brain and human urine, so it is the most potent endogenous inhibitor of specific [3H]-flunitrazepam binding known so far, with a several fold higher affinity for the benzodiazepine receptor than inosine and hy…

Receptors DrugFlunitrazepamIn Vitro TechniquesPharmacologyRetinachemistry.chemical_compoundHarmalineAlkaloidsHarminemedicineAnimalsHarmaneInosineBenzodiazepine receptor bindingBrain ChemistryPharmacologybeta-CarbolineGABAA receptormusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral MedicineReceptors GABA-ARatsHarmineKineticschemistryBiochemistryCattleFlunitrazepammedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology
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