Search results for "theorem"

showing 10 items of 1250 documents

Semiclassical approximation in the magnetic problem of exchange-coupled mixed valence clusters

1994

Abstract The frameworks of the applicability of the semiclassical adiabatic approach suggested by Borras-Almenar, Coronado and Tsukerblat to the magnetic problem of mixed valence clusters are considered in a model taking into account magnetic exchange, double exchange and vibronic interaction. The results for the quantum-mechanical and semicalssical calculation of the temperature-variable magnetic moments are compared with those within the scope of the semiclassical approximation for the dimeric d 1 —d 2 clusters and trimeric d 1 —d 1 —d 2 systems with partial delocalization over a pair of ions. The semiclassical approach describes with high accuracy the temperature dependencies of the magn…

Adiabatic theoremDelocalized electronValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsMagnetic momentChemistryQuantum mechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAdiabatic processMagnetic exchangeIonChemical Physics Letters
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Pseudo-Jahn–Teller Origin of the Metastable States in Sodium Nitroprusside

2003

Abstract A new model for the photochromic effect in sodium nitroprusside Na 2 [Fe(CN) 5 (NO)]·2H 2 O based on the concept of the pseudo-Jahn–Teller effect is proposed. The model takes into account the electron transfer from the Fe 2+ ion to the π ∗ orbitals of the NO-ligand as well as the vibronic mixing of three electronic states of the Fe–NO fragment through the non-symmetric and full symmetric modes. The problem is solved within the adiabatic approximation. Under certain conditions, the lower sheet of the adiabatic potential is shown to possess three minima with the increasing energies that correspond to the N-bound, sideways bound, and O-bound NO group. The barriers between the minima a…

Adiabatic theoremElectron transferAtomic orbitalChemistryExcited stateJahn–Teller effectMetastabilityAtomic physicsAdiabatic processIon
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Adiabatic evolution of quantum-mechanical systems

1991

A description of the adiabatic approximation in terms of the time-evolution operator is presented. Corrections to the approximation are studied, and it is seen that these can be obtained in a simple way in the case of a rapidly oscillating Hamiltonian.

Adiabatic theoremMechanical systemPhysicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)symbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsQuantum mechanicssymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Adiabatic processQuantumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysical Review A
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Geometric factors in the adiabatic evolution of classical systems

1992

Abstract The adiabatic evolution of the classical time-dependent generalized harmonic oscillator in one dimension is analyzed in detail. In particular, we define the adiabatic approximation, obtain a new derivation of Hannay's angle requiring no averaging principle and point out the existence of a geometric factor accompanying changes in the adiabatic invariant.

Adiabatic theoremPhysicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsGeometric phaseAdiabatic invariantsymbolsGeneral Physics and AstronomyAdiabatic quantum computationAdiabatic processHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Geometric factorHarmonic oscillatorPhysics Letters A
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Revealing Anisotropy in a Paul Trap Through Berry Phase

2006

When an ion confined in an anisotropic bidimensional Paul trap is subjected to a laser beam oriented along an arbitrary direction, the interaction between its electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom is described by a time-dependent Hamiltonian model as a consequence of the lack of symmetry. Appropriately choosing the laser frequency, the Hamiltonian model turns out to be sinusoidally oscillating at the difference between the proper frequencies of the center of mass of the ion. Thus, if the anisotropy of the trap is sufficiently small, the evolution of the system can be considered as adiabatic. In the context of this physical situation we have calculated the Berry phase acquired in a c…

Adiabatic theoremPhysicssymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonanceGeometric phaseQuantum mechanicsIsotropysymbolsObservableIon trapAdiabatic processAnisotropyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Total energy expenditure is repeatable in adults but not associated with short-term changes in body composition

2022

Low total energy expenditure (TEE, MJ/d) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but repeatability of TEE, a critical variable in longitudinal studies of energy balance, is understudied. We examine repeated doubly labeled water (DLW) measurements of TEE in 348 adults and 47 children from the IAEA DLW Database (mean ± SD time interval: 1.9 ± 2.9 y) to assess repeatability of TEE, and to examine if TEE adjusted for age, sex, fat-free mass, and fat mass is associated with changes in weight or body composition. Here, we report that repeatability of TEE is high for adults, but not children. Bivariate Bayesian mixed models show no among or within-individual correlation between body c…

Adipose Tissue/metabolismAdultMaleDatabases FactualBody Composition/physiologyScienceGeneral Physics and AstronomyWeight GainArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEnergy Metabolism/physiologyRC1200DatabasesClinical Research2.1 Biological and endogenous factorsHumansVDP::Medisinske Fag: 700ObesityLongitudinal StudiesAetiologyChildMetabolic and endocrineFactualWeight Gain/physiologyNutritionPediatricMultidisciplinaryWater/metabolismQWaterBayes TheoremGeneral ChemistryMiddle AgedRisk factorsAdipose TissueIsotope LabelingBody CompositionFemaleIAEA DLW Database ConsortiumEnergy Metabolismhuman activities
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Cognitive priming in sung and instrumental music: Activation of inferior frontal cortex

2006

Neural correlates of the processing of musical syntax-like structures have been investigated via expectancy violation due to musically unrelated (i.e., unexpected) events in musical contexts. Previous studies reported the implication of inferior frontal cortex in musical structure processing. However - due to the strong musical manipulations - activations might be explained by sensory deviance detection or repetition priming. Our present study investigated neural correlates of musical structure processing with subtle musical violations in a musical priming paradigm. Instrumental and sung sequences ended on related and less-related musical targets. The material controlled sensory priming com…

AdultCognitive NeuroscienceOrbital gyriMiddle temporal gyrusInferior frontal gyrusAuditory cortexbehavioral disciplines and activitiesSuperior temporal gyrusCognitionSupramarginal gyrusImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansTemporal dynamics of music and languageCerebral CortexBayes TheoremMagnetic Resonance ImaginghumanitiesFrontal LobeOxygenEmotional lateralizationNeurologyData Interpretation StatisticalFemaleCuesPsychologyhuman activitiesNeuroscienceMusicPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychologyNeuroImage
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Initial psychometric testing of the coach-adapted version of the empowering and disempowering motivational climate questionnaire: A Bayesian approach.

2020

The present study examined the psychometric properties of the coach-adapted version of the Empowering and Disempowering Motivational Climate Questionnaire (EDMCQ) using Bayesian structural equation modelling (BSEM). The sample included 780 (

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonMalePsychometricsApplied psychologyBayesian probabilityFootball030209 endocrinology & metabolismPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationCross cultural equivalenceCoaching03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSurveys and QuestionnairesHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicinePsychometric testingMotivationbusiness.industryYouth SportsMentoringBayes Theorem030229 sport sciencesSport psychologySelf ConceptEuropeFemalePower PsychologicalbusinessPsychologyJournal of sports sciences
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Socio-economic inequalities in mortality due to injuries in small areas of ten cities in Spain (MEDEA Project).

2011

Abstract Objectives To analyse socio-economic inequalities in mortality due to injuries among census tracts of ten Spanish cities by sex and age in the period 1996–2003. Methods This is a cross-sectional ecological study where the units of analysis are census tracts. The study population consisted of people residing in the cities during the period 1996–2003. For each census tract we obtained an index of socio-economic deprivation, and estimated standardized mortality ratios using hierarchical Bayesian models which take into account the spatial structure of the data. Results In the majority of the cities, the geographical pattern of total mortality from injuries is similar to that of the soc…

AdultMaleAdolescentPoison controlHuman Factors and ErgonomicsSuicide preventionOccupational safety and healthYoung AdultResidence CharacteristicsCause of DeathPoverty AreasInjury preventionHumansCitiesSafety Risk Reliability and QualityModels StatisticalPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthUrban HealthHuman factors and ergonomicsEcological studyBayes TheoremCensusesCensusMiddle AgedGeographyCross-Sectional StudiesSocioeconomic FactorsSpainPopulation studyWounds and InjuriesFemaleDemographyAccident; analysis and prevention
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A Bayesian Method for Predicting 5‐Fluorouracil Pharmacokinetic Parameters Following Short‐Term Infusion in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

2003

Abstract The objective of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model and validate it using a Bayesian approach for predicting, a priori and a posteriori , the individual volume of distribution ( V d ) and clearance ( Cl ) of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) given as short‐term intravenous infusion in weekly and multiple doses. Forty‐four patients were divided in group A (5‐FU weekly doses) including 27 patients with nonmetastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma treated with 450 mg/m 2 of 5‐FU, 1 day per week for 48 doses, plus oral levamisol (50 mg/8 h) for 3 days, every 15 days and group B (5‐FU multiple doses) including 17 patients with metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma, receiving 5‐F…

AdultMaleAntimetabolites Antineoplasticmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationUrologyPharmaceutical ScienceRenal functionModels BiologicalDrug Administration ScheduleFolinic acidPharmacokineticsInternal medicineBlood plasmamedicineHumansInfusions IntravenouseducationAgedBody surface areaVolume of distributioneducation.field_of_studybusiness.industryBayes TheoremMiddle AgedNONMEMEndocrinologyArea Under CurveFemaleFluorouracilColorectal Neoplasmsbusinessmedicine.drugJournal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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