Search results for "thinking"
showing 10 items of 437 documents
La evolución de las pautas de consumo de las familias valencianas. Una aproximación a los cambios de comportamiento en el siglo XVIII
2019
En las áreas más dinámicas de la Europa Occidental la llamada revolución del consumo hizo su aparición a finales del xvii. También en la España Mediterránea se produjeron cambios significativos en las pautas adquisitivas de las familias, derivados del excepcional desarrollo económico experimentado a lo largo del siglo xviii. Cambios que dudamos en calificar de revolucionarios –ya que responden a un proceso progresivo en el que intervienen múltiples variables–, y que en nuestra opinión consideramos que el término que mejor caracteriza este período es el de evolución del consumo. La base documental utilizada en este estudio comparativo la constituye un conjunto de escrituras de dote repartida…
Nanotechnology Application Challenges: Nanomanagement, Nanorisks and Consumer Behaviour
2017
New emerging technologies are entering the society, which makes civil society the location for moral authority. Society is about the quality of human relationships; it is where people have to accept responsibility for the consequences of their actions; it is where the nano meets the micro and the micro meets the macro issues. Society belongs to all of us and everyone has his role to play. A new way of system thinking – nanothinking demonstrates technology trends from perfectness to non-regularity. The removal of current contradictions between regular and non-regular systems and the corresponding nanophenomena is the way to novel processes in the development of nanosciences and nanotechnolog…
The Psychology of Thinking in Creating AI
2021
The broad-scale emergence of AI in industry calls forth basic questions in terms of the knowledge bases and approaches relevant for its design. Engineering design has been mainly developed for electromechanical artifacts. In practice, this has meant that the scientific knowledge required for creating technical artifacts such as engines, cars, ships, cranes, telephones, radios, TVs, and simple data processing units has been natural science. However, one cannot find intelligent processes by means of physics and chemistry. Natural scientific phenomena follow their deterministic laws, but intelligence is based on selection and decision processes. The conceptual landscape of natural science is o…
How does the brain encode epistemic reliability? Perceptual presence, phenomenal transparency, and counterfactual richness
2014
AbstractSeth develops a convincing and detailed internalist alternative to the sensorimotor-contingency theory of perceptual phenomenology. However, there are remaining conceptual problems due to a semantic ambiguity in the notion of “presence” and the idea of “subjective veridicality.” The current model should be integrated with the earlier idea that experiential “realness” and “mind-independence” are determined by the unavailability of earlier processing stages to attention. Counterfactual richness and attentional unavailability may both be indicators of the overall processing level currently achieved, a functional property that normally correlates with epistemic reliability. Perceptual p…
Transformations Toward Mature Thinking: Challenges for Education and Learning
2012
In this chapter, adult cognitive development and its transformation are explored in the context of a rapidly changing postmodern world. This chapter presents and describes three models of adult cognitive development and their educational implications. The models presented are Basseches’ model of dialectical thinking, Kuhn’s model of epistemological development, and Baxter Magolda’s model of the development of self-authorship. These models are described in greater detail because they present advanced forms of adult cognitive development but also because of the challenge they pose to educational practices. These models open possibilities for understanding educational practices and learning es…
The Prefrontal Cortex and Neurological Impairments of Active Thought
2018
This article reviews the effects of lesions to the frontal cortex on the ability to carry out active thought, namely, to reason, think flexibly, produce strategies, and formulate and realize plans. We discuss how and why relevant neuropsychological studies should be carried out. The relationships between active thought and both intelligence and language are considered. The following basic processes necessary for effective active thought are reviewed: concentration, set switching, inhibiting potentiated responses, and monitoring and checking. Different forms of active thought are then addressed: abstraction, deduction, reasoning in well-structured and ill-structured problem spaces, novel st…
Technition: When Tools Come Out of the Closet
2020
People are ambivalently enthusiastic and anxious about how far technology can go. Therefore, understanding the neurocognitive bases of the human technical mind should be a major topic of the cognitive sciences. Surprisingly, however, scientists are not interested in this topic or address it only marginally in other mainstream domains (e.g., motor control, action observation, social cognition). In fact, this lack of interest may hinder our understanding of the necessary neurocognitive skills underlying our appetence for transforming our physical environment. Here, we develop the thesis that our technical mind originates in perhaps uniquely human neurocognitive skills, namely, technical-reas…
Systems thinking and adult cognitive development
2020
This chapter explores the links between scientific systems approaches and adult cognitive development. First, it describes the premises and basic concepts of systems thinking. It then continues to give an overview of the history of systems approach and the development of the main models and theories from its roots, which lie in the natural sciences. This is followed by an examination of the three systems paradigms, namely, Closed Systems, Open Systems, and Dynamic Systems and their implications to research and operational interests, in addition to their explanatory power in today’s world. Second part of the chapter focuses on describing the intersections between the Dynamic Systems paradigm…
Educación XX1 : revista de la Facultad de Educación
2018
La siguiente investigación pretende analizar en qué medida los recursos educativos, en este caso los libros de texto, contribuyen a la alfabetización visual del alumnado de Educación Primaria en Ciencias Sociales. Este tipo de alfabetización es un aspecto fundamental en cualquier etapa educativa tal y como ha venido confirmando la investigación hasta fechas muy recientes. Para ello se han seleccionado los manuales más utilizados en un determinado espacio geográfico desde 2006 y se han analizado siguiendo un método de investigación que combina procedimientos cuantitativos (ex post-facto) y cualitativos (análisis mediante categorías conceptuales) aplicándolos sobre las actividades relacionada…
Editorial Note The path of complexity science: from theory to managerial practice
2012
The application of complexity science to business has always been a diicult task because it is not easy to demonstrate the relevance of complexity theories to practicing managers. We accepted this challenge with this Special Issue, and I think we are giving a good con- tribution in this sense.