Search results for "thyroid."
showing 10 items of 797 documents
Abnormal thyroid hormones and non-thyroidal illness syndrome in obstructive sleep apnea, and effects of CPAP treatment
2016
Objective In obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), while both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism have been studied, the occurrence of non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) (normal thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH] with low triiodotironine) has not been investigated. We explored the occurrence of NTIS in patients with moderate to severe OSA and its relationship to the severity of nocturnal respiratory disorders. We also studied the occurrence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH, ie, high TSH with normal thyroxine) in OSA and changes in circulating TSH, free triiodotironine (fT3) and free thyroxine (fT4) after CPAP treatment. Methods After a nocturnal respiratory polysomnography, 125 consecutive patie…
Ultrasound Evaluation of Thyroid Gland Pathologies After Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy to Treat Malignancy During Childhood.
2015
The purpose of this study was to evaluate correlations between treatment of malignancy by radiation therapy during childhood and the occurrence of thyroid gland pathologies detected by ultrasonography in follow-up examinations.Reductions of thyroid gland volume below 2 standard deviations of the weight-specific mean value, occurrence of ultrasonographically detectable thyroid gland pathologies, and hypothyroidism were retrospectively assessed in 103 children and adolescents 7 months to 20 years of age (median: 7 years of age) at baseline (1997-2013) treated with chemoradiation therapy (with the thyroid gland dose assessable) or with chemotherapy alone and followed by ultrasonography and lab…
Primary schwannoma of the thyroid gland involving the isthmus: report of a case
2013
Primary thyroid schwannomas are extremely rare tumors and there are very few reports of such tumors in the literature. This report presents a rare case of schwannoma involving the isthmus of the thyroid in a 47-year-old male, presenting as a symptomatic predominating cold nodule within a multinodular goiter. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy. The histological examination indicated an Antoni A-type schwannoma. The clinical, radiological and pathological findings of the tumor are discussed, emphasizing the difficulty in reaching a correct preoperative diagnosis. Only 18 cases of primary schwannoma of the thyroid gland have so far been described in the literature and, this is only the …
Functional TSH receptor antibodies in children with autoimmune thyroid diseases
2018
The diagnostic value of the level of TSH receptor antibodies (TSHR-Ab) in the population of children with autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) is still unknown. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the prevalence of TSHR-Ab in a paediatric cohort with AITD and healthy controls.A total of 240 serum samples were obtained from 205 patients with AITD, type 1 diabetes (T1D), juvenile arthritis (JA), and healthy controls (C). TSHR stimulating (TSI) and -blocking (TBI) immunoglobulins were measured in cell-based bioassays using CHO cells expressing a chimeric TSHR and a c-AMP response-element-dependent luciferase. TSI was reported as percentage of specimen-to-reference ratio (cu…
Plasma levels of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in congenital hypothyroidism: Effects of l-thyroxine substitution therapy
1995
Thyroid status in humans is an important factor in the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism. There are several data on hypothyroidism in the adult population, but less information is available about congenital hypothyroidism. Since lipid metabolism at birth is substantially different from that of adults, it is not likely that the same abnormalities that occur in adult hypothyroidism are also present when this is diagnosed at early life. We studied 16 subjects with congenital hypothyroidism, seven at the time of diagnosis and also after normalization of thyroid hormone levels over a period of 2.0 +/- 1.0 months of substitution therapy with L-thyroxine (5.9 +/- 1.2 micrograms/kg/d) and nine a…
Relapses of hyperthyroidism in patients treated with radioiodine for nodular toxic goiter: relation to thyroid autoimmunity.
2003
Relapses of hyperthyroidism after treatment with radioiodine for uni- or multi-nodular goiter may be accompanied by the appearance of TSAb. However, this phenomenon has only emerged from one retrospective study on Northern European patients, in which it was not possible to determine whether TSAb also appeared in treated patients who did not relapse. The present study aimed to assess the appearance, immunogenic nature and clinical characteristics of hyperthyroidism relapse after treatment with 131I for nodular toxic goiter in patients from the Mediterranean area. A retrospective study was performed on 76 consecutive patients, born and resident in Sicily and aged 56-80 yr at diagnosis, who we…
Two novel mutations in the human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene: genetics and clinical findings in four children
2009
UNLABELLED We report four children originating from two unrelated German families with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) due to mutations in the thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene. Three female siblings (family 1) were found to be compound heterozygous for two mutations, a known mutation in exon 9 (W527C), and a mutation in exon 8 (Q446H), which has not been described before. In the second family we identified a boy with goitrous CH, who had a novel homozygous mutation in the TPO gene in exon 16 (W873X). All children of family 1 were diagnosed postnatally by newborn screening. The case of the boy of family 2 has already been reported for the in utero treatment of a goiter with hypothyroidism. CONCL…
Clinical relevance of thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies in pediatric graves' disease-a multicenter study.
2014
Context and Objective: The incidence of TSH receptor (TSHR) stimulating autoantibodies (TSAbs) in pediatric Graves' disease (GD) is controversial. This large, multicenter study evaluated the clinical relevance of TSAbs in children with GD both with Graves' orbitopathy (GO) and without orbital disease. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study. Setting: Sera were collected in seven American and European academic referral centers and evaluated in a central laboratory. Patients and Samples: A total of 422 serum samples from 157 children with GD, 101 control individuals with other thyroid and nonthyroid autoimmune diseases, and 50 healthy children were studied. Main Outcome Me…
Thyroid hormone controls carnitine status through modifications of gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase activity and gene expression.
2002
The carnitine system plays a key role in beta-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids by permitting their transport into the mitochondrial matrix. The effects of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were studied on gamma-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBH), the enzyme responsible for carnitine biosynthesis in the rat. In rat liver, BBH activity was decreased in the hypothyroid state and increased in hyperthyroid animals. The modifications in BBH activity correlated with changes in the enzyme Vmax values. These changes were shown to be related to hepatic BBH mRNA abundance. Thyroid hormones are known to interact with lipid metabolism, in particular by increasing long-chain fatty acid oxidation through…
Congenital hypothyroidism in a child with unsuspected familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia caused by a mutation (R218H) in the human albumin gene
2001
We found familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia (FDH) in a 5-month-old boy with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) who had a blood thyrotropin (TSH) level of 479 mU/L but normal total serum thyroxine (T4) and higher than normal total triiodothyronine (T3) levels. Thyroid hormone substitution began at 5 weeks of age when T4 and T3 concentrations were below normal. Until the age of 5 months, treatment with levothyroxine was suboptimal on the basis of high serum TSH levels despite above-normal T4 levels. FDH was confirmed by isoelectric focusing and testing of other family members. DNA analysis of the patient revealed R218H, a mutation in the serum albumin gene associated with FDH, which was al…