Search results for "time perception"

Judging the contact-times of multiple objects: Evidence for asymmetric interference.

2009

The accuracy of time-to-contact (TTC) judgments for single approaching objects is well researched, however, close to nothing is known about our ability to make simultaneous TTC judgments for two or more objects. Such complex judgments are required in many everyday situations, for instance when crossing a multi-lane street or when engaged in multi-player ball games. We used a prediction-motion paradigm in which participants simultaneously estimated the absolute TTC of two objects, and compared the performance to a standard single-object condition. Results showed that the order of arrival of the two objects determined the accuracy of the TTC estimates: Estimation of the first-arriving object …

Auditory temporal processing in schizophrenia: high level rather than low level deficits?

2006

INTRODUCTION: Patients with schizophrenia demonstrate a wide range of information processing deficits. Most recent studies argue in favour of high level deficits, including attention and context processing, whereas fewer studies have demonstrated deficits at earlier stages of processing, such as perceptual discrimination and organisation. This is the first study to investigate both high and low level processing, within a single paradigm, in the case of auditory temporal processing in schizophrenia. METHODS: Patients with schizophrenia were compared to controls on a series of tasks involving three auditory temporal processes varying from low to higher level: (1) segregation of a complex sequ…

Meta-analysis of time perception and temporal processing in schizophrenia: Differential effects on precision and accuracy

2016

Numerous studies have reported that time perception and temporal processing are impaired in schizophrenia. In a meta-analytical review, we differentiate between time perception (judgments of time intervals) and basic temporal processing (e.g., judgments of temporal order) as well as between effects on accuracy (deviation of estimates from the veridical value) and precision (variability of judgments). In a meta-regression approach, we also included the specific tasks and the different time interval ranges as covariates. We considered 68 publications of the past 65years, and meta-analyzed data from 957 patients with schizophrenia and 1060 healthy control participants. Independent of tasks and…

A study of temporal estimation from the perspective of the Mental Clock Model.

2009

M. Cardaci's (2000) Mental Clock Model maintains that a task requiring a low mental workload is associated with an acceleration of perceived time, whereas a task requiring a high mental workload is associated with a deceleration. The authors examined the predictions of this model in a musical listening condition in which musical pieces were audible in several structural complexities. To measure the effects of musical complexity on time estimation, the authors used retrospective and prospective time-estimation paradigms. For the retrospective paradigm, the authors invited participants to listen to a musical piece and then estimate its duration. For the prospective paradigm, the authors invit…

Subjective Perception of Time: Research Applied on Dynamic Psychology

2017

The time marked by the clock hands, the so-called “objective time,” is deeply different from the one perceived by the individual. Starting from this hypothesis, directly connected to the subjective...

Boosting working memory with accelerated clocks

2021

Our perception of time varies with the degree of cognitive engagement in tasks. The perceived passage of time accelerates while working on demanding tasks, whereas time appears to drag during boring situations. Our experiment aimed at investigating whether this relationship is mutual: Can manipulated announcements of elapsed time systematically affect the attentional resources applied to a cognitive task? We measured behavioral performance and the EEG in a whole report working memory paradigm with six items of different colors that each had to be reported after a short delay period. The 32 participants were informed about the current time after each 20 trials, while the clock was running at…

Electrophysiological correlates of time discrimination in Parkinson's Disease

2011

Global flow impacts time-to-passage judgments based on local motion cues

2011

AbstractWe assessed the effect of the coherence of optic flow on time-to-passage judgments in order to investigate the strategies that observers use when local expansion information is reduced or lacking. In the standard display, we presented a cloud of dots whose image expanded consistent with constant observer motion. The dots themselves, however, did not expand and were thus devoid of object expansion cues. Only the separations between the dots expanded. Subjects had to judge which of two colored target dots, presented at different simulated depths and lateral displacements would pass them first. Image velocities of the target dots were chosen so as to correlate with time-to-passage only…

Acquiring music information : An incidental learning approach.

2022

This thesis contains my empirical works resulting from three years of studying contingency learning, that is the human ability to learn regularities between two or more events, applied to music. Learning music requires time and effort. However, many skills can be automatized in less time-consuming and effortful ways. Indeed, some research suggests that many elements of music knowledge are mostly implicitly acquired. In Chapter 1, the potential benefit of using an incidental learning procedure to automatize musical sub-skills useful for sight-reading and for pitch identification is discussed. In Chapter 2, the first set of experiments investigate whether an incidental contingency learning ta…

Temporal-range estimation of multiple objects: evidence for an early bottleneck.

2011

When making parallel time-to-contact (TTC) estimates of two approaching objects, the two respective TTC estimates interfere with one another in an asymmetric fashion. The TTC of the later-arriving object is systematically overestimated, while the estimated TTC for the first-arriving object is as accurate as in a condition presenting only a single object. This asymmetric interference points to a processing bottleneck that could be due to early (e.g., during the estimation of the TTC from the optic flow) or late (e.g., during the timing of the response or the motor execution) constraints in the TTC estimation process. We used a Sperling-like prediction-motion task to differentiate between the…