Search results for "tomato"
showing 10 items of 3159 documents
Invariant NKT Cells and Rheumatic Disease: Focus on Primary Sjogren Syndrome.
2019
Primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) is a complex autoimmune disease mainly affecting salivary and lacrimal glands. Several factors contribute to pSS pathogenesis; in particular, innate immunity seems to play a key role in disease etiology. Invariant natural killer (NK) T cells (iNKT) are a T-cell subset able to recognize glycolipid antigens. Their function remains unclear, but studies have pointed out their ability to modulate the immune system through the promotion of specific cytokine milieu. In this review, we discussed the possible role of iNKT in pSS development, as well as their implications as future markers of disease activity.
The interactions between host glycobiology, bacterial microbiota, and viruses in the gut
2018
Rotavirus (RV) and norovirus (NoV) are the major etiological agents of viral acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Host genetic factors, the histo-blood group antigens (HBGA), are associated with RV and NoV susceptibility and recent findings additionally point to HBGA as a factor modulating the intestinal microbial composition. In vitro and in vivo experiments in animal models established that the microbiota enhances RV and NoV infection, uncovering a triangular interplay between RV and NoV, host glycobiology, and the intestinal microbiota that ultimately influences viral infectivity. Studies on the microbiota composition in individuals displaying different RV and NoV susceptibilities allowed th…
Interactions between saliva and flavour compounds
2016
Interactions between saliva and flavour compounds
Effects of in-office bleaching on human enamel and dentin. Morphological and mineral changes
2017
Abstract Background The effects of HP-based products upon dental enamel and dentin are inconclusive. Aim To evaluate changes in micromorphology and composition of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) in enamel and dentin after the application of 37.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and 35% carbamide peroxide (CP) Methods Crowns of 20 human teeth were divided in two halves. One half was used as control specimen and the other as experimental specimen. The control specimens were kept in artificial saliva, and the experimental specimens were divided into four groups (n = 5 each): group 1 (enamel HP for 45 min); group 2 (dentin HP for 45 min); group 3 (enamel CP for 90 min); and group 4 (dentin CP for 90 min)…
Evaluation of the erosive capacity of children’s beverages on primary teeth enamel: An in vitro study
2018
Background The consumption of acidified beverages, associated with lower mineralization of primary enamel, is the ideal combination for the development and progression of dental erosion. The objective of this study is to analyze the erosive capacity and the surface roughness of primary teeth enamel after exposure to three different brands of grape juices. Material and Methods Forty enamel blocks of primary teeth were obtained, attened and polished. They were submitted to initial surface roughness analysis (baseline), and randomly assigned into four groups (n = 10): NAT: natural grape juice (Campo Largo); IND: industrialized grape juice (Dell Vale Kapo); SOY: soy-based grape juice (Ades); an…
Molecular chaperones in tumors of salivary glands.
2020
The salivary glands are key components of the mouth and play a central role in its physiology. Their importance may be appreciated considering their number, occurrence in pairs, and distribution in the mouth: two parotids, two submandibular, two sublingual, and many other small ones scattered throughout the mouth. They produce saliva, without which ingestion of non-liquid nutrients and speech would be practically impossible. Nevertheless, the physiology and pathology of salivary glands are poorly understood. For instance, tumors of salivary glands occur, and their incidence is on the rise, but their etiology and pathogenesis are virtually unknown, although some risk factors have been identi…
Saliva: Its value as a biological matrix and current methods of sampling
2006
Saliva is a non-invasive medium, its analysis is useful to measure a wide range of hormones, drugs, narcotics, antibodies, host, microbial, fungal and viral DNA up to salivary mRNA; hence, it has been suggested to be an easy and reliable biomarker in disease diagnostics, such as inflammatory mouth infections/diseases, and in normal health surveillance. In light of this potential, our primary endpoint is to review the current knowledge on saliva analyses and its recent methods of sampling.
Modulation of Saliva Microbiota through Prebiotic Intervention in HIV-Infected Individuals
2019
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is characterized by an early depletion of the mucosal associated T helper (CD4+) cells that impair the host immunity and impact the oral and gut microbiomes. Although, the HIV-associated gut microbiota was studied in depth, few works addressed the dysbiosis of oral microbiota in HIV infection and, to our knowledge, no studies on intervention with prebiotics were performed. We studied the effect of a six-week-long prebiotic administration on the salivary microbiota in HIV patients and healthy subjects. Also, the co-occurrence of saliva microorganisms in the fecal bacteria community was explored. We assessed salivary and feces microbiota compositio…
A Novel Tsetlin Automata Scheme to Forecast Dengue Outbreaks in the Philippines
2018
Being capable of online learning in unknown stochastic environments, Tsetlin Automata (TA) have gained considerable interest. As a model of biological systems, teams of TA have been used for solving complex problems in a decentralized manner, with low computational complexity. For many domains, decentralized problem solving is an advantage, however, also may lead to coordination difficulties and unstable learning. To combat this negative effect, this paper proposes a novel TA coordination scheme designed for learning problems with continuous input and output. By saving and updating the best solution that has been chosen so far, we can avoid having the overall system being led astray by spur…
Taste perception and its effects on oral nutritional supplements in younger life phases.
2018
Purpose of review The current review summarizes the importance of taste perception with regard to acceptance of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) in young children. We also shed light on how basic tastes may influence the orosensory detection of ONS in the light of genetic variations, encoding for different taste modalities, particularly for sweet and bitter (and fat), in children. Recent findings Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of bitter and sweet taste receptor genes, that is, respectively, TAS2R38 and T1R2/T1R3, may influence orosensory perception of ‘bitter-made-sweet’ ONS. The SNP of fat taste receptor gene, that is, CD36, might communicate with bitter taste perception. The emerg…