Search results for "trace"
showing 10 items of 3218 documents
Apoptotic-like Leishmania exploit the host´s autophagy machinery to reduce T-cell-mediated parasite elimination
2015
Apoptosis is a well-defined cellular process in which a cell dies, characterized by cell shrinkage and DNA fragmentation. In parasites like Leishmania, the process of apoptosis-like cell death has been described. Moreover upon infection, the apoptotic-like population is essential for disease development, in part by silencing host phagocytes. Nevertheless, the exact mechanism of how apoptosis in unicellular organisms may support infectivity remains unclear. Therefore we investigated the fate of apoptotic-like Leishmania parasites in human host macrophages. Our data showed--in contrast to viable parasites--that apoptotic-like parasites enter an LC3(+), autophagy-like compartment. The compartm…
A minireview on NHE1 inhibitors. A rediscovered hope in oncohematology.
2015
Background: Na+/H+ exchanger-1 (NHE-1) is involved in pH regulation and is up-regulated in different malignancies. Activation of NHE-1 is one way for allowing cells to avoid intracellular acidification and protect them against apoptosis. Inhibitors of NHE-1 are able to decrease intracellular pH and induce apoptosis. Some statins can also act by partial inhibition of NHE-1. This review presents progress in understanding the mechanisms of action of these inhibitors, connections with certain genetic mutations and acquired treatment resistance, as well as new patents on them. Methods: A MEDLINE search for original and review articles using key terms, Na+/H+ exchanger, leukemia, cariporide, and …
Differences in intercellular communication during clinical relapse and gadolinium-enhanced MRI in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosi…
2018
This study was designed based on the hypothesis that changes in both the levels and surface marker expression of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be associated with the clinical form, disease activity, and severity of multiple sclerosis (MS). The analyzes were performed on subjects affected by MS or other neurological disorders. EVs, which were isolated by ultracentrifugation of CSF samples, were characterized by flow cytometry. A panel of fluorescent antibodies was used to identify the EV origin: CD4, CCR3, CCR5, CD19, and CD200, as well as isolectin IB4. The Mann–Whitney U-test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for statistical analyzes. EVs isol…
Halogens and trace metal emissions from the ongoing 2008 summit eruption of Kīlauea volcano, Hawai`i
2012
Volcanic plume samples taken in 2008 and 2009 from the Halemàumàu eruption at Kīlauea provide new insights into Kīlauea's degassing behaviour. The Cl, F and S gas systematics are consistent with syn-eruptive East Rift Zone measurements suggesting that the new Halemàumàu activity is fed by a convecting magma reservoir shallower than the main summit storage area. Comparison with degassing models suggests that plume halogen and S composition is controlled by very shallow (<3m depth) decompression degassing and progressive loss of volatiles at the surface. Compared to most other global volcanoes, Kīlauea's gases are depleted in Cl with respect to S. Similarly, our Br/S and I/S ratio measurem…
Elemental and isotope covariation of noble gases in mineral phases from Etnean volcanics erupted during 2001–2005, and genetic relation with peripher…
2008
Abstract During 2001–2005, Mount Etna was characterized by intense eruptive activity involving the emission of petrologically different products from several vents, which involved at least two types of magma with different degrees of evolution. We investigated the ratios and abundances for noble-gas isotopes in fluid inclusions trapped in olivines and pyroxenes in the erupted products. We confirm that olivine has the most efficient crystalline structure for preserving the pristine composition of entrapped gases, while pyroxene can suffer diffusive He loss. Both the minerals also experience noble gas air contamination after eruption. Helium isotopes of the products genetically linked to the …
Artificial cartilage bio-matrix formed of hyaluronic acid and Mg2+-polyphosphate.
2016
Here we show that inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a polyanionic metabolic regulator consisting of multiple phosphate residues linked by energy-rich phosphoanhydride bonds, is present in the synovial fluid. In a biomimetic approach, to enhance cartilage synthesis and regeneration, we prepared amorphous polyP microparticles with Mg2+ as counterions. The particles were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopic (FTIR) analyses. Similar particles were obtained after addition of Mg2+ ions to a solution containing hyaluronic acid, as a major component of the synovial fluid, and soluble Na-polyP. The viscous paste-like ma…
Solvability of a first order system in three-dimensional non-smooth domains
1985
summary:A system of first order partial differential equations is studied which is defined by the divergence and rotation operators in a bounded nonsmooth domain $\Omega\subset \bold R^3$. On the boundary $\delta\Omega$, the vanishing normal component is prescribed. A variational formulation is given and its solvability is investigated.
Major and trace elements characterization of atmospheric deposition in volcanic, urban, and industrial areas of Sicily (Italy): preliminary results
2022
The source of chemical elements dissolved in rainwater can be both natural and anthropogenic. A group of trace elements has been recently brought to attention for their possible environmental impacts, the Technology-critical elements (TCEs). The current knowledge about the geochemical cycle of TCEs is still scarce, nevertheless recent studies [e.g. Brugnone et al., 2020] evidenced a contribution from the volcanic activity for some of them (Te, Tl, and REE). Our research aims to produce a geochemical database on major and trace element depositions in different areas of Sicily: a volcanic area (Etna), two urban areas (Palermo, Catania), two industrial areas (Milazzo, Priolo), and a rural moni…
Audzēja ekstracelulāro vezikulu uzņemšana monocītu šūnās un ietekme uz tām
2017
Audzēju sekretētās ekstracelulārās vezikulas (EV) ir viens no komunikācijas veidiem starp audzēju šūnām un mikrovidi. Audzēju mikrovidē līdzdarbojas vairākas šūnas, tajā skaitā arī makrofāgi un monocīti. Darba mērķis ir izpētīt kolorektālā audzēja SW480 un SW620 šūnu līniju normoksijas un hipoksijas apstākļos sekretēto EV uzņemšanu THP-1 šūnu līnijas monocītos un ietekmi uz tiem. Darbā tika pielietotas plūsmas citometrijas, fluorescentās un fāžu kontrasta mikroskopijas metodes. Iegūtie rezultāti liecina, ka THP-1 šūnas uzņem EV kaveolīna atkarīgās endocitozes ceļā. THP-1 šūnu diferenciācijas procesā SW480 un SW620 šūnu līniju sekretētās EV paaugstina CD14 marķiera ekspresiju uz monocītu, M0…