Search results for "transplant"
showing 10 items of 2137 documents
Is COVID‐19 infection more severe in kidney transplant recipients?
2021
International audience; There are no studies which have compared the risk of severe Covid-19 and related mortality between transplant recipients and non-transplant patients. We enrolled two groups of patients hospitalized for Covid-19, i.e., kidney transplant recipients from the French Registry of Solid Organ Transplant (n=306) and a single-center cohort of non-transplant patients (n=795). An analysis was performed among subgroups matched for age and risk factors for severe Covid-19 or mortality. Severe Covid-19 was defined as admission (or transfer) to an intensive care unit, need for mechanical ventilation, or death.Transplant recipients were younger and had more comorbidities compared to…
CD40 activity on mesenchymal cells negatively regulates OX40L to maintain bone marrow immune homeostasis under stress conditions
2021
BackgroundWithin the bone marrow (BM), mature T cells are maintained under homeostatic conditions to facilitate proper hematopoietic development. This homeostasis depends upon a peculiar elevated frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and immune regulatory activities from BM-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). In response to BM transplantation (BMT), the conditioning regimen exposes the BM to a dramatic induction of inflammatory cytokines and causes an unbalanced T-effector (Teff) and Treg ratio. This imbalance negatively impacts hematopoiesis, particularly in regard to B-cell lymphopoiesis that requires an intact cross-talk between BM-MSCs and Tregs. The mechanisms underlying the ability of…
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provide Better Results Than Hematopoietic Precursors for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
2010
Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare the ability of human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to treat myocardial infarction (MI) in a model of permanent left descendent coronary artery (LDA) ligation in nude rats. Background Transplantation of human CD34(+) cells and MSC has been proved to be effective in treating MI, but no comparative studies have been performed to elucidate which treatment prevents left ventricular (LV) remodelling more efficiently. Methods Human bone marrow MSC or freshly isolated CD34(+) cells from umbilical cord blood were injected intramyocardially in infarcted nude rats. Cardiac function was analyzed by echoc…
Acute heart failure due to giant left atrium: remote ECLS implantation for interhospital transfer and bridging to decision
2018
AbstractBackgroundRemote extracorporeal life support (ECLS) implantation and mobile ECLS are increasingly applied to enable the treatment of patients with refractory heart failure at specialized care centers. Giant left atrium (GLA) is a rare cause but may lead to acute and devastating heart failure.Case reportAcute heart failure that gave rise to a prolonged period of out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a patient who underwent remote ECLS implantation was found to have resulted from a GLA of impressive dimensions. There having no reasonable option for immediate surgical therapy, the patient was successfully bridged to recovery with a view to subsequent heart transplantation.Co…
Network meta-analysis of randomized trials in multiple myeloma: Efficacy and safety in frontline therapy for patients not eligible for transplant
2022
The treatment scenario for newly-diagnosed transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma patients (NEMM) is quickly evolving. Currently, combinations of proteasome inhibitors (PI) and/or immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD) +/- the monoclonal antibody Daratumumab are used for first-line treatment, even if head-to-head comparisons are lacking. To compare efficacy and safety of these regimens, we performed a network meta-analysis (NMA) of 27 phase 2/3 randomized trials including a total of 12935 patients and 23 different schedules. Four efficacy/outcome and one safety indicators were extracted and integrated to obtain (for each treatment) the surface under the cumulative ranking-curve (SUCRA), a metric use…
Enhancing the Activation and Releasing the Brakes: A Double Hit Strategy to Improve NK Cell Cytotoxicity Against Multiple Myeloma
2018
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes with a strong antitumor ability. In tumor patients, such as multiple myeloma (MM) patients, an elevated number of NK cells after stem cell transplantation (SCT) has been reported to be correlated with a higher overall survival rate. With the aim of improving NK cell use for adoptive cell therapy, we also addressed the cytotoxicity of patient-derived, cytokine-stimulated NK cells against MM cells at specific time points: at diagnosis and before and after autologous stem cell transplantation. Remarkably, after cytokine stimulation, the patients' NK cells did not significantly differ from those of healthy donors. In a small cohort of MM patients…
Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) in Autoimmune Diseases
2018
Since the discovery of HLA 60 years ago, it has contributed to the understanding of the immune system as well as of the pathogenesis of several diseases. Aside from its essential role in determining donor-recipient immune compatibility in organ transplantation, HLA genotyping is meanwhile performed routinely as part of the diagnostic work-up of certain autoimmune diseases. Considering the ability of HLA to influence thymic selection as well as peripheral anergy of T cells, its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity is understandable. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the role and current clinical relevance of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthritis and HLA-B51 in Behçet's disea…
Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Bone Marrow-Derived Mononuclear Cell Injection: 12-Month Follow-up.
2018
Objectives To evaluate the main symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and tissue structure changes after a single dose bone marrow–derived mononuclear cell (BM MNC) intra articular injection. Case series study. Patients with knee OA Kellgren Lawrence (K-L) grade II and III received 1 injection of BM MNC. The clinical results were analyzed with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Knee Society Score (KSS) before, 3, 6, and 12 months after injection. Radiological evaluation was performed with a calibrated x-ray and the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging before and 6 to 7 months postinjection. Results A total of 34 knees were treated with BM MNC injections. Mean (±SD) age of…
Repair of osteochondral defects in articular weightbearing areas in the rabbit's knee. The use of autologous osteochondral and meniscal grafts.
1987
Repair of osteochondral defects in articular weightbearing areas presents its own particular problems because of the low potential of hyaline cartilage for regeneration. Our first group of experiments on the knee of the rabbit confirms that the new regenerated cartilage comes from bone marrow which degenerates before developing into true hyaline cartilage. The second group of experiments shows that autologous grafts from the non-weightbearing articular area suitable for the repair of defects in weightbearing areas. In an third group, autologous meniscal fibrocartilage was used as a graft for the repair of osteochondral defects.
Deficiency of Nrf2 accelerates the effector phase of arthritis and aggravates joint disease
2011
14 páginas, 8 figuras, 1 tabla.-- et al.