Search results for "type 1"
showing 10 items of 540 documents
Effect of candesartan on prevention (DIRECT-Prevent 1) and progression (DIRECT-Protect 1) of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes: randomised, placebo-cont…
2008
Background Results of previous studies suggest that renin-angiotensin system blockers might reduce the burden of diabetic retinopathy. We therefore designed the DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials (DIRECT) Programme to assess whether candesartan could reduce the incidence and progression of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. Methods Two randomised, double-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled trials were done in 309 centres worldwide. Participants with normotensive, normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetes without retinopathy were recruited to the DIRECT-Prevent 1 trial and those with existing retinopathy were recruited to DIRECT-Protect 1, and were assigned to candesartan 16 mg once a day or…
Scaffold protein harmonin (USH1C) provides molecular links between Usher syndrome type 1 and type 2.
2005
Contains fulltext : 48386.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Usher syndrome (USH) is the most frequent cause of combined deaf-blindness in man. USH is clinically and genetically heterogeneous with at least 11 chromosomal loci assigned to the three USH types (USH1A-G, USH2A-C, USH3A). Although the different USH types exhibit almost the same phenotype in human, the identified USH genes encode for proteins which belong to very different protein classes and families. We and others recently reported that the scaffold protein harmonin (USH1C-gene product) integrates all identified USH1 molecules in a USH1-protein network. Here, we investigated the relationship between the USH2 molecules a…
Vitamin D Deficiency in HIV Infection: Not Only a Bone Disorder
2015
Hypovitaminosis D is a worldwide disorder, with a high prevalence in the general population of both Western and developing countries. In HIV patients, several studies have linked vitamin D status with bone disease, neurocognitive impairment, depression, cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, infections, autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes mellitus, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the most recent epidemiological and experimental data dealing with the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and HIV infection. We analysed the extent of the problem, pathogenic mechanisms, clinical implications, and potential benefits of vitamin …
Techniques to evaluate erythrocyte deformability in diabetes mellitus
2005
Using several rheological techniques, we examined the erythrocyte deformability in different groups of diabetic subjects. The macrorheological techniques used for this evaluation were respectively whole-blood filtration, filtration of erythrocyte suspensions, polyviscosimetry and diffractometry. Whole-blood filterability, at a negative pressure of 20 cm water, was decreased in type 2 diabetics; no difference was evident at a negative pressure of 10 cm water. The filtration of erythrocyte suspensions at low haematocrit (5%) did not show differences between normal and diabetic subjects. The polyviscosimetry, which explores the filterability of erythrocyte suspensions at high haematocrit (80%)…
Preclinical Morphofunctional Alterations of Large Arteries in Children and Adolescent with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Preliminary Data
2017
Background: Children and adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are considered one of the pediatric populations at highest cardiovascular risk. Aim: This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess in children and adolescents with T1DM, the clinical correlates of early morphofunctional changes of the large arteries. Methods: Children and adolescents with T1DM treated with basal-bolus insulin therapy were included in the study if they had a disease duration of at least 5 years. The following parameter were examined: waist circumference, waist/height ratio (W/H), BMI, blood pressures, lipid profile, microalbuminuria, insulin dose, HbA1c, carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and the d…
The complex interplay between vitamin D deficiency and diabetes
2015
It has been recently highlighted the link between vitamin D and metabolic and immunological pro- cesses, which established its role as an essential component of human health preservation. Vitamin D has been defined as natural immune modulators, and through the activation of its receptors (VDRs), it regulates calcium metabolism, cellular growth, proliferation and apoptosis, and other immunological functions. In this setting, vita- min D has also been reported to influence glucose regulation via effects on insulin secretion and action. Vitamin D deficiency is strongly associated with obesity mostly due to the storage of vitamin D in adipose tissue because of its lipophilic properties. The dec…
Neurofibromatosis of the nipple-areolar area : nine case reports
2010
Introduction: Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant disorder that occurs across all ethnic groups and affects approximately one in 4000 individuals. One of the most noticeable characteristics of the disease is the development of neurofibromas. Case presentation: A total of 258 patients (131 women, 127 men) with neurofibromatosis type 1 were evaluated between 1994 and 2004 in our hospital's dermatology department. Nine patients (3.45%, 95% confidence limits 1.22 to 5.68) had neurofibromas of the breast. One of these nine patients presented with an extensive congenital plexiform neurofibroma in the outer quadrants of her right breast, extending to the nipple-areolar complex. Meanw…
Combined therapy with insulin and rGH in thirteen Italian patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and growth disorders.
2012
Background: Combined GH and insulin therapy are rarely prescribed in pediatric pts because the association of GHD and T1DM is rare and maybe for the difficulties in managing a double therapy with opposite effects on glucose metabolism. Objective and hypotheses: To investigate on the attitude of pediatric endo-diabetologists in treating these pts. Methods: Data were collected from over 50 centres belonging to the ISPED. The inclusion criterion was based on the double therapy for at least 6 months with insulin due to T1DM, and rGH, due to growth impairment. Results: Most centres stated that the use of combined therapy was considered uncomfortable and frequently avoided, whereas 10 centres rep…
Missense and nonsense mutations in melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene of different goat breeds: association with red and black coat colour phenotype…
2009
Abstract Background Agouti and Extension loci control the relative amount of eumelanin and pheomelanin production in melanocytes that, in turn, affects pigmentation of skin and hair. The Extension locus encodes the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) whose permanent activation, caused by functional mutations, results in black coat colour, whereas other inactivating mutations cause red coat colour in different mammals. Results The whole coding region of the MC1R gene was sequenced in goats of six different breeds showing different coat colours (Girgentana, white cream with usually small red spots in the face; Maltese, white with black cheeks and ears; Derivata di Siria, solid red; Murciano-Granad…