Search results for "unge"
showing 10 items of 1645 documents
Neutral volatile compounds in the raw milks from different species
1993
SummaryA comparative study was carried out on the flavour constituents of bovine, ovine, caprine and water buffalo fresh raw milks. The volatiles were isolated from milks by means of vacuum distillation and liquid–liquid extraction. Eighty neutral volatile compounds were identified using high resolution gas chromatography (HRGC) and HRGC-mass spectrometry. About 30 of these components have not been detected previously in milk. The volatiles in milk were similar for the four species, although several quantitative differences might explain the different odours. The volatiles consisted mainly of ethyl esters, especially those derived from butyric and hexanoic acids. Dimethylsulphone alone comp…
Identification of Traits Implicated in the Rhizosphere Competence of Fluorescent Pseudomonads: Description of a Strategy Based on Population and Mode…
2009
E-book; International audience; The lack of consistency of the beneficial effects of inoculated fluorescent pseudomonads has often been related to their bad survival in the rhizosphere. In this review, we describe the strategy followed over the last decade to study traits involved in the rhizosphere competence of these bacteria. The diversity of indigenous populations associated with plant roots was first compared to that of populations associated with uncultivated soils in order to identify traits that discriminate these populations. The involvement of these bacterial traits in the rhizosphere competence was then assessed by comparing the competitiveness of a wild-type strain to that of mu…
Production of a cheese model for sensory evaluation of flavour compounds
1995
Summary - A cheese model used to perform sensory evaluation of flavour compounds extracted from various cheese varieties was made with caseins, low heat milk powder, deodorized milk fat, NaCI and renne!. Its composition and physicochemical properties were close to mature hard cheese, apart from a lower dry matter content and sodium concentration, and a higher lactose concentration. Its preparation was established in arder to avoid drainage for at least 24 h, which should allow the incorporation of not only sorne lipophilic substances such as aromas but also some water-soluble substances such as amino acids and peptides. The rheological behaviour of the cheese model measured by a compression…
Inactivation of lactococcal aromatic aminotransferase prevents the formation of flora aroma compounds from aromatic amino acids in semi-hard cheese
1999
The enzymatic conversion of aromatic amino acids to aroma compounds plays a role in the formation of an undesirable floral aroma in Cheddar-like cheeses. In lactococci, the first step of aromatic amino acid degradation is a transamination, catalysed by an aromatic aminotransferase (AraT). We observed previously that in vitro, araT inactivation prevented degradation of aromatic amino acids and decreased degradation of Met and Leu. In this study we evaluated the effect of araT inactivation in Lactococcus lactis on flavour development in St. Paulin-type cheese. The degradation of amino acids was monitored by using radiolabelled amino acids and the volatile compounds formed were analysed by GC-…
Effect of growing area on tocopherols, carotenoids and fatty acid composition ofPistacia lentiscusedible oil
2014
International audience; In this investigation, we aim to study, for the first time, the effect of the growing area on tocopherols, carotenoids and fatty acid content of Pistacia lentiscus fixed oil. Fruits were harvested from eight different sites located in the north and the centre of Tunisia. Tocopherols, carotenoids and fatty acid content of the fixed oils were determined. The highest carotenoid content was exhibited by Feija oil (10.57 mg/kg of oil). Oueslatia and Tabarka oils displayed the highest alpha-tocopherol content (96.79 and 92.79 mg/kg of oil, respectively). Three major fatty acids were determined: oleic, palmitic and linoleic acids. Oleic acid was the main fatty acid presenti…
Methods for studying root colonization by introduced beneficial bacteria
2003
e-Book; Some free-living rhizobacteria are considered as potential biocontrol and plant growth-promoting agents. Successful application of beneficial bacteria as microbial inoculants requires their presence and activity at the appropriate level, but even more, at the right time and place. Various markers are described in the literature to differentiate introduced bacteria from indigenous microflora and to visualize them. These markers are presented together with the methods currently applied to quantify bacterial densities and to characterize the distribution of introduced bacteria. The methods to quantify bacterial densities are either based on bacterial cultivation or not. Different types…
Storage cells – oil and protein bodies
2016
BAPGEAPSI; Molecular Cell Biology of the Growth and Differentiation of Plant Cells encompasses cell division, cell enlargement and differentiation; which is the cellular basis of plant growth and development. Understanding these developmental processes is fundamental for improving plant growth and the production of special plant products, as well as contributing to biological understanding. The dynamics of cells and cellular organelles are considered in the context of growth and differentiation, made possible particularly by advances in molecular genetics and the visualization of organelles using molecular probes. There is now a much clearer understanding of these basic plant processes of c…
Evidence of atrazine mineralization in a soil from the Nile Delta: Isolation of Arthrobacter sp. TES6, an atrazine-degrading strain
2011
International audience; The s-triazine herbicide atrazine was rapidly mineralized (i.e., about 60% of C-14-ring-labelled atrazine released as (CO2)-C-14 within 21 days) by an agricultural soil from the Nile Delta (Egypt) that had been cropped with corn and periodically treated with this herbicide. Seven strains able to degrade atrazine were isolated by enrichment cultures of this soil. DNA fingerprint and phylogenetic studies based on 165 rRNA analysis showed that the seven strains were identical and belonged to the phylogeny of the genus Arthrobacter (99% similarity with Arthrobacter sp. AD38, EU710554). One strain, designated Arthrobacter sp. strain TES6, degraded atrazine and mineralized…
Sulfate transporters in the plant’s response to drought and salinity: regulation and possible functions
2014
International audience; Drought and salinity are two frequently combined abiotic stresses that affect plant growth, development, and crop productivity. Sulfate, and molecules derived from this anion such as glutathione, play important roles in the intrinsic responses of plants to such abiotic stresses. Therefore, understanding how plants facing environmental constraints re-equilibrate the flux of sulfate between and within different tissues might uncover perspectives for improving tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this review, we took advantage of genomics and post-genomics resources available in Arabidopsis thaliana and in the model legume species Medicago truncatula to highlight and …
Harnessing the biodiversity value of Central and Eastern European farmland
2015
A large proportion of European biodiversity today depends on habitat provided by low‐intensity farming practices, yet this resource is declining as European agriculture intensifies. Within the European Union, particularly the central and eastern new member states have retained relatively large areas of species‐rich farmland, but despite increased investment in nature conservation here in recent years, farmland biodiversity trends appear to be worsening. Although the high biodiversity value of Central and Eastern European farmland has long been reported, the amount of research in the international literature focused on farmland biodiversity in this region remains comparatively ti…