Search results for "urea"
showing 10 items of 888 documents
Effects of K(ATP) channel modulators on acetylcholine release from guinea-pig isolated atria and small intestine.
2002
The effects of K(ATP) channel blockers (glibenclamide, HMR 1883, HMR 1372) and openers (cromakalim, pinacidil, diazoxide) on the electrically-evoked (5 Hz) release of [(3)H]acetylcholine were studied in isolated guinea-pig atria and myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparations which had been preincubated with [(3)H]choline. Atria: Cromakalim (0.3 microM and 1 microM), pinacidil (10 microM) and diazoxide (30 microM) significantly reduced the stimulation-evoked release of [(3)H]acetylcholine. The inhibition produced by cromakalim and pinacidil was prevented by 1 microM of either HMR 1883, HMR 1372 or glibenclamide. The blockers alone significantly increased the release at concentrations …
Is there association between chronic kidney disease and dental caries? A case-controlled study
2018
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the association between chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and dental caries. Material and Methods 107 patients with CKD and 107 with no systemic alteration were randomly included. DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth), plaque index, colony-forming units (CFU) of Streptococcus mutans and salivary composition (IgA total, IgA anti- Streptococcus mutans, calcium and urea) were evaluated. McNemar and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare test and control groups. Spearman test was used to correlate time of hemodialysis and variables studied. Associations between variables were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results The number of filled …
Effects on the incidence of cardiovascular events of the addition of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately …
2017
Background The best treatment option for patients with type 2 diabetes in whom treatment with metformin alone fails to achieve adequate glycaemic control is debated. We aimed to compare the long-term effects of pioglitazone versus sulfonylureas, given in addition to metformin, on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods TOSCA.IT was a multicentre, randomised, pragmatic clinical trial, in which patients aged 50â75 years with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy (2â3 g per day) were recruited from 57 diabetes clinics in Italy. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), by permuted blocks randomisation (block size 10), stratified by site and…
Patient-centred access to health care: a framework analysis of the care interface for frail older adults
2018
Abstract Background The objective of this study was to explore the issues surrounding access to health and social care services for frail older adults with Polish stakeholders, including healthy and frail/pre-frail older adults, health care providers, social care providers, and caregivers, in order to determine their views and perspectives on the current system and to present suggestions for the future development of a more accessible and person-centred health and social care system. Methods Focus groups were used to gather qualitative data from stakeholders. Data were analysed using framework analysis according to five dimensions of accessibility to care: approachability, acceptability, av…
Cardiovascular events and intensity of treatment in polycythemia vera.
2013
A b s t r ac t Background Current treatment recommendations for patients with polycythemia vera call for maintaining a hematocrit of less than 45%, but this therapeutic strategy has not been tested in a randomized clinical trial. Methods We randomly assigned 365 adults with JAK2-positive polycythemia vera who were being treated with phlebotomy, hydroxyurea, or both to receive either more intensive treatment (target hematocrit, <45%) (low-hematocrit group) or less intensive treatment (target hematocrit, 45 to 50%) (high-hematocrit group). The primary composite end point was the time until death from cardiovascular causes or major thrombotic events. The secondary end points were cardiovascula…
Improved nitrogen metabolism in rats fed on lipid-rich liquid diets
1994
N metabolism was studied in young rats fed on lipid-rich, isonitrogenous, purified liquid diets, a convenient and easy technique for inducing voluntary overfeeding of energy and lipids under controlled nutritional conditions. Overfed rats showed a marked N retention at the expense of a reduced production of urea. The capacities of isolated hepatocytes to synthesize urea and glucose from added precursors were greatly diminished. The activities of the urea cycle enzymes and several enzymes involved in the availability of NH3, for this pathway were concomitantly reduced in overfed animals. Therefore, our results showed an improved N metabolism in overfed rats promoted by the overfeeding of lip…
Talent Management, Affective Organizational Commitment and Service Performance in Local Government
2020
Talent management (TM) is a fundamental issue for both private and public sector companies. This study analyzes the impact of TM on service performance (SP) and the mediating role of affective organizational commitment (AOC). We analyze a sample of 104 local government employees with three measures of TM, AOC and SP. The mediation hypothesis of AOC was also raised in the study using Baron and Kenny&rsquo
Effects of Rapid Weight Loss on Kidney Function in Combat Sport Athletes
2021
Even though scientific literature shows numerous heath complications and performance decrements associated with rapid weight loss (RWL), its prevalence remains exceedingly high across various combat sports. The aim of this study was to thoroughly search the existing literature to explore the influence of RWL on kidney function in Olympic and non-Olympic combat sport athletes. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for the relevant studies. Only original articles published from 2005 onwards, written in English, that included healthy males and females who prompted ~5% weight loss within a week or less, were included in the study. Retrieved studies showed that creatinine, blood urea nitrogen …
Rosiglitazone evaluated for cardiovascular outcomes in oral agent combination therapy for type 2 diabetes (RECORD): a multicentre, randomised, open-l…
2009
Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Jun-20 BACKGROUND: Rosiglitazone is an insulin sensitiser used in combination with metformin, a sulfonylurea, or both, for lowering blood glucose in people with type 2 diabetes. We assessed cardiovascular outcomes after addition of rosiglitazone to either metformin or sulfonylurea compared with the combination of the two over 5-7 years of follow-up. We also assessed comparative safety. METHODS: In a multicentre, open-label trial, 4447 patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin or sulfonylurea monotherapy with mean haemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) of 7.9% were randomly assigned to addition of rosiglitazone (n=2220) or to a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea (active con…
Nitrosoureas Modes of Action and Perspectives in the Use of Hormone Receptor Affine Carrier Molecules
1989
Mechanisms of DNA adduct formation by antineoplastic 2-chloroethyl-N-nitrosoureas (CNUs) and of DNA damage induced by these compounds are discussed. CNUs are alkylating agents that form DNA-DNA cross-links as well as 2-chloroethylated and 2-hydroxyethylated adducts, the N-7-position of guanine being the predominantly alkylated site. A close correlation exists between the potential of a given compound to induce DNA-DNA cross-links and its antineoplastic effectiveness. However, levels of DNA-DNA cross-linking in bone marrow and extent of myelosuppression as measured in rodents are also closely correlated. The design of new cross-linking analogues capable of directing the antineoplastically re…