Search results for "vaccination."

Clinical and immunological efficacy of intradermal vaccine plus lamivudine with or without interleukin-2 in patients with chronic hepatitis B

2002

To evaluate therapeutic immunostimulation nine chronic hepatitis B patients received six monthly intradermal vaccinations with HBsAg in combination with daily lamivudine. Another five patients received six doses of the vaccine and daily lamivudine together with daily Interleukin-2 (IL-2) s.c. within 3 months in an open-labeled trial. Clinical efficacy was assessed by alanine transaminase levels and HBV serology. The induction of specific T and B cell responses was analyzed serially by 3H-thymidine uptake, ELISA and ELISPOT assays. After the therapy was stopped, seven of nine vaccine/lamivudine and two of five vaccine/lamivudine/IL-2 recipients did not have detectable HBV DNA. Four complete …

Clinical update on risks and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with autoimmune hepatitis and summary of reports on post-vaccination li…

2022

Patients with liver diseases, especially those with cirrhosis, have an increased mortality risk when infected by SARS-CoV-2 and therefore anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine has been recommended by leading Scientific Associations for all patients with chronic liver diseases. However, previous reports have shown a reduced antibody response following the full course of vaccination in immunosuppressed patients, including liver transplant recipients and several rheumatic diseases. This document, drafted by an expert panel of hepatologists appointed by the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (AISF), aims to present the updated scientific data on the safety and efficacy of anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vac…

Sekundärer Immundefekt bei Niereninsuffizienz am Beispiel der Hepatitis B-Impfung

1988

In dialysis patients the immune response to hepatitis B-vaccination is greatly impaired. In vitro the non-responders show a failure of the monocytes to support the process of primary T-cell activation. This defect results in a lack of interleukin 2-production and an enhanced sensitivity of the interleukin-2 receptor system. Addition of low doses of interleukin-2 fully reconstitutes the deficient immune response in vitro. Furthermore, the local application of low dose interleukin-2 during a standard vaccination with 40 µg hepatitis B-vaccine normalizes the non-responder state in vivo.

Suppression of murine experimental autoimmune hepatitis by T-cell vaccination or immunosuppression

1998

Patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) usually require immunosuppressive therapy for many years, if not for a lifetime. Experimental immunotherapy such as T-cell vaccination aims at manipulating the immune system in such a way that autoimmunity is specifically regulated to enable long-lasting correction of the disease process. We aimed to test the feasibility of T-cell vaccination as well as conventional immunosuppression in the murine model of experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH). EAH was induced in 5- to 7-week-old BALB/c mice by immunization with syngeneic liver homogenate in complete Freund's adjuvant. For T-cell vaccination, splenocytes were removed from animals 14 days after indu…

Spontaneous Remission of Recalcitrant Warts in Girls After Human Papillomavirus Vaccination

2016

PeptoSomes for Vaccination: Combining Antigen and Adjuvant in Polypept(o)ide-Based Polymersomes.

2017

In this work, the first vaccine is reported based on a PeptoSome, which contains a model antigen (SIINFEKL) and adjuvant (CpG). PeptoSomes are polypept(o)ide-based polymersomes built of a block-copolymer with polysarcosine (PSar) as the hydrophilic block (X n = 111) and poly(benzyl-glutamic acid) (PGlu(OBn)) as the hydrophobic one (X n = 46). The polypept(o)ide is obtained with low dispersity index of 1.32 by controlled ring-opening polymerization. Vesicle formation by dual centrifugation technique allows for loading of vesicles up to 40 mol%. PeptoSomes are characterized by multiangle dynamic light scattering, static light scattering, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM…

Inhibition of murine IgE and immediate cutaneous hypersensitivity responses to ovalbumin by the immunomodulatory agent leflunomide

1999

SUMMARYLeflunomide has been identified as an immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory compound. Allergic disease is characterized by elevated serum IgE levels, production of allergen-specific IgE and the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and granulocytes. Here we demonstrate, using an in vivo murine model, the ability of leflunomide to down-regulate levels of total and allergen-specific serum IgE production. Mice receiving leflunomide (45 mg/kg) orally at the time of primary immunization with ovalbumin adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide adjuvant, showed a reduction in total serum IgE levels of 95%, 41% and 32% following primary, secondary and tertiary immunizations, respectively …

Humoral Mechanisms in T cell Vaccination: Induction and Functional Characterization of Anti-lymphocytic Autoantibodies

1997

T cell vaccination, the application of syngeneic attenuated T cells, has been shown to prevent effectively and treat experimental autoimmune diseases, but its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. Here we present data on the induction of a humoral anti-T cell response by T cell vaccination, capable of strongly inhibiting T cell proliferation and of ameliorating experimental autoimmune disease. T cell vaccination in the Lewis rat induced autoantibodies reactive with several syngeneic T cell proteins. These autoantibodies were not detectable in normal Lewis sera as assessed by immunoblotting and flow cytometry with intact syngeneic T cells. The autoantibody reactivity was not restricted…

VACCINATION AND IMMUNIZATION STATUS AGAINST VACCINE-PREVENTABLE DISEASES IN AN ITALIAN SAMPLE OF HEALTH-CARE WORKERS OPERATING IN GYNAECOLOGY AND OBS…

2018

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are an important group of professionals exposed to infectious diseases transmitted through several ways. Nevertheless, vaccination coverages of HCWs are often lower than standards recommended by international Public Health authorities. Recently, the Italian Ministry of Health has issued the guidelines for recommended vaccination during pregnancy, child-bearing age and feeding-time. This study aimed at investigating knowledge, attitudes, practices and immunization status in a sample of Italian HCWs employed in gynaecology and obstetrics departments. A survey was conducted between November 2017 and February 2018 throughout an online self-administered questionnaire, p…

Nasal immunization of mice with a rotavirus DNA vaccine that induces protective intestinal IgA antibodies

2004

International audience; DNA vaccination using a plasmid encoding the rotavirus inner capsid VP6 has been explored in the mouse model of rotavirus infection. BALB/c mice were immunized with a VP6 DNA vaccine by the intramuscular, nasal and oral routes. VP6 DNA vaccination by the nasal and oral routes induced the production of anti-VP6 IgA antibodies by intestinal lymphoid cells. Intramuscular DNA injection stimulated the production of serum anti-VP6 IgG but not serum anti-VP6 IgA antibodies. Protection against shedding of rotaviruses in stools after oral challenge with the murine EDIM rotavirus strain was investigated in the immunized mice. A significant reduction in the level of rotavirus a…