Search results for "vaccination."
showing 10 items of 654 documents
Improving mRNA-Based Therapeutic Gene Delivery by Expression-Augmenting 3' UTRs Identified by Cellular Library Screening.
2019
Synthetic mRNA has emerged as a powerful tool for the transfer of genetic information, and it is being explored for a variety of therapeutic applications. Many of these applications require prolonged intracellular persistence of mRNA to improve bioavailability of the encoded protein. mRNA molecules are intrinsically unstable and their intracellular kinetics depend on the UTRs embracing the coding sequence, in particular the 3′ UTR elements. We describe here a novel and generally applicable cell-based selection process for the identification of 3′ UTRs that augment the expression of proteins encoded by synthetic mRNA. Moreover, we show, for two applications of mRNA therapeutics, namely, (1) …
Impact of the recommendations on the vaccination of the tetanus–diphtheria in the labor area
2017
Abstract Objective Our aim is evaluate vaccination guidelines that were published by Ministry of Health of Spain and his impact in a mutual injuries work of Spain (FREMAP). Method Is a retrospective observational study of vaccination with tetanus–diphtheria (Td) in adults of mutual injuries of work of Spain (FREMAP) between January 2010 and December 2013. Results We have registered 126,101 injured employees for vaccination; of those have been vaccinated 11,468 (9%). We have not found significant differences in employees with incapacity or no. We have not found significant differences by sex. We have found significant differences by age group (46–55 years), women more than men (χ2 = 4.422; p…
Vaccinazioni obbligatorie e diritti fondamentali: la paradossale condizione del minore alla luce del DL n. 73/2017
2019
The aim of this essay is to reflect on the governance of unvaccinated Italian children aged between zero and six years, due to the new regulatory system on mandatory vaccination in Italy (Law Decree no. 73/2017, converted into Law no. 119/2017). In order to strengthen and protect the right to health, the Italian government first, and then the lawmakers, set forth a specific prohibition preventing unvaccinated children from attending preschool, whether public or private. The first part of this paper deals with the opportunity to translate the access to preschool in the language of fundamental rights. It will then move to a deep analysis of D.-L. no. 73/2017 and its coercive system, with a vi…
La vacuna del Virus del Papiloma Humano en los titulares de prensa
1970
Los periódicos ponen textos a disposición del público mediante procesos y prácticas entre los que se sitúan los valores noticiosos, definidos como criterios en las rutinas periodísticas que habilitan a los editores a decidir que historias se publican y cuáles no. Por tanto, intentaremos identificar desde un punto de vista cualitativo, los valores noticiosos en los titulares de las noticias, de diferentes periódicos, publicadas entre enero de 2006, año en que fue aprobada la vacuna por la autoridades de la administración americana (FDA) y mayo de 2009, mes posterior al episodio en que dos adolescentes valencianas experimentaron crisis convulsivas tras ser inmunizadas. Tratando de identificar…
How Can We Integrate Life Course Vaccination into the New WHO Definition of “Healthy Ageing”?
2019
The first global report on health and ageing published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 introduced a new and innovative concept, namely, the idea that healthy ageing encompasses more than just the absence of disease. The report considered healthy ageing to be a more holistic process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables well-being in older age. There are two major components to this concept, namely, personal and environmental determinants of ageing. Personal determinants of ageing correspond to our intrinsic capacity, including our genetic inheritance, personal characteristics, health-related behaviours, and risk factors. Living our daily lives in g…
Vaccination in old age: Challenges and promises
2021
Abstract Vaccination is one of the most effective medical interventions ever introduced, preventing millions of cases of infections worldwide every year. However, vaccines are commonly believed to be less effective in providing protection in older adults, due to the perceived decline seen in immunity in this population (“immunosenescence”). Accordingly, this chapter considers how to identify hallmarks of immunosenescence and approach their resolution strategically. It was reviewed potential options for therapeutic intervention to restore appropriate responses to vaccines in older adults.
mRNA Vaccination and Personalized Cancer Therapy
2014
Nucleic acid vaccines link two prerequisites for success, namely, the delivery of molecularly defined antigens as vaccine targets of interest and an inherent adjuvant activity. As compared to DNA-based approaches, in vitro-transcribed messenger RNA (mRNA) is a safer drug format due to the adjustable, transient expression and lack of genomic integration. In contrast to viral vector vaccines, mRNA vaccination is not limited by the emergence of immune responses against antigens produced by the viral vector backbones. Thus, mRNA vaccines are particularly attractive for cancer immunotherapy for which induction of clinically meaningful antigen-specific immune responses depends on repeated immuniz…
Cytokines and Toll-Like Receptors in the Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination
2014
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in immunogenicity. However, little information is available on the role of TLRs in the immune response to vaccination against influenza virus. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between the immunogenic response to influenza vaccine and the presence of soluble forms of TLRs and selected cytokines in the serum. There were two groups of subjects participating in the main protocol of the study: 55 chronically hemodialyzed patients (Group A) and 55 healthy volunteers (Group B) participated in the study. Both groups were vaccinated against influenza using a subunit Agrippal vaccine. The concentrations of human TNF-α, IL-1β/IL-1F2, IL-6, an…
The Role of Self-Assembling Lipid Molecules in Vaccination
2018
Abstract The advent of vaccines represents one of the most significant advances in medical history. The protection provided by vaccines has greatly contributed in reducing the number of cases of infections and most notably to the eradication of small pox. A large number of new technologies and approaches in vaccine development are currently being investigated with the goal of providing the basis for the next generation of prophylactics against an ever-expanding list of emerging and reemerging pathogens. In this chapter, we will focus on the role of lipids and lipid self-assembling vesicles in new and promising vaccination approaches. We will start by describing how lipids can induce activat…
On a stochastic disease model with vaccination
2006
We propose a stochastic disease model where vaccination is included and such that the immunity isn’t permanent. The existence, uniqueness and positivity of the solution and the stability of disease free equilibrium is studied. The numerical simulation is done.