Search results for "values."
showing 10 items of 1353 documents
Designing Ethical AI in the Shadow of Hume’s Guillotine
2020
Artificially intelligent systems can collect knowledge regarding epistemic information, but can they be used to derive new values? Epistemic information concerns facts, including how things are in the world, and ethical values concern how actions should be taken. The operation of artificial intelligence (AI) is based on facts, but it require values. A critical question here regards Hume’s Guillotine, which claims that one cannot derive values from facts. Hume’s Guillotine appears to divide AI systems into two ethical categories: weak and strong. Ethically weak AI systems can be applied only within given value rules, but ethically strong AI systems may be able to generate new values from fac…
Gendered Pathways Toward STEM Careers: The Incremental Roles of Work Value Profiles Above Academic Task Values.
2018
Drawing on Eccles’ expectancy-value model of achievement-related choices, we examined how work values predict individual and gender differences in sciences, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) participations in early adulthood (ages of 25/27, 6 or 8 years after postsecondary school), controlling for subjective task values attached to academic subjects in late adolescence (11th grade, age 18). The study examined 1,259 Finnish participants using a person-oriented approach. Results showed that: (a) we could identify four profile groups based on five core work values (society, family, monetary, career prospects, and working with people); (b) work-value profiles predicted young adults actua…
Relationships Between Personal Values and Leadership Behaviors in Basketball Coaches.
2018
Background: Based on the refined theory of basic individual values and transformational leadership theory, this study focuses on the associations between coaches' value priorities and their transformational leadership behaviors, exploring the potential mediation versus moderation effect of two alternative variables in this relationship: perceived club pressure or an autonomy supportive environment. Methods: Participants were 266 basketball coaches (85.7% men) from 17 to 66 years old (M = 32.82, SD = 9.2) from 119 different Spanish clubs. On average, they had worked for their current sport clubs for 5.02 years, and they had a mean of 11.10 years of experience. The coaches were all Spanish sp…
Parenting Styles, Internalization of Values and Self-Esteem: A Cross-Cultural Study in Spain, Portugal and Brazil
2020
The present study analyzes the impact of parenting styles on adolescents&rsquo
Escuela abierta : revista de investigación educativa
2019
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la página web de la revista en la siguiente URL: https://ea.ceuandalucia.es/index.php/EA/article/view/130/EA22.2019.04 El proceso educativo conlleva siempre una relación con el valor: en esencia y fundamento resulta valioso. Al venir enmarcado por contextos legales, podemos afirmar que el Real Decreto 126/2014, por ser educativo, se asienta en valores, unos u otros. Para esta investigación se ha llevado a cabo un análisis del contenido axiológico del bloque de dicho currículo básico dedicado a la educación literaria. Para ello se parte de un planteamiento integral de educación al que la literatura contribuye con un papel fundamental. El objetivo del …
Positive Turn in Elder-Care Workers' Views Toward Telecare Robots.
2022
AbstractRobots have been slowly but steadily introduced to welfare sectors. Our previous observations based on a large-scale survey study on Finnish elder-care workers in 2016 showed that while robots were perceived to be useful in certain telecare tasks, using robots may also prove to be incompatible with the care workers’ personal values. The current study presents the second wave of the survey data from 2020, with the same respondents (N = 190), and shows how these views have changed for the positive, including higher expectations of telecare robotization and decreased concerns over care robots’ compatibility with personal values. In a longitudinal analysis (Phase 1), the positive change…
Family relations, parents’ educational practices, and Angolan adolescents’ values
2017
Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido triple. Primero, analizar las propiedades psicométricas los instrumentos utilizados para evaluar la percepción de las Relaciones familiares, la Socialización familiar y los Valores de los adolescentes angoleños. Segundo, predecir los Valores de los adolescentes a partir de las Relaciones familiares y la Socialización familiar. Tercero, analizar las diferencias de valores de los adolescentes según el sexo. Para ello, 917 adolescentes (384 varones, 533 mujeres) de 14 a 17 años (M = 15.68; DT = 1.06) completaron versiones portuguesas de los instrumentos antes señalados. Una vez analizadas las propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos, se desarro…
Impact of parenting styles on adolescents' self-esteem and internalization of values in Spain
2007
The relationship of parenting styles with adolescents' outcomes was analyzed within a sample of Spanish adolescents. A sample of 1456 teenagers from 13 to 16 years of age, of whom 54.3% were females, reported on their parents' child-rearing practices. The teenagers' parents were classified into one of four groups (authoritative, authoritarian, indulgent, or neglectful). The adolescents were then contrasted on two different outcomes: (1) priority given to Schwartz's self-transcendence (universalism and benevolence) and conservation (security, conformity, and tradition) values and (2) level of self-esteem (appraised in five domains: academic, social, emotional, family and physical). The resul…
The development of work values during the transition to adulthood: A two-country study
2017
Abstract This study addresses the development of work values—the desired characteristics of one's current or future job—during young adulthood. Using two panel studies from Germany ( N = 2506) and Finland ( N = 1326), we investigated (a) mean-level and rank-order change and stability in work values across three biennial waves (age 20/21 to age 25/26); and (b) the influence of stable background characteristics as well as of major transitions in family and work roles on inter-individual differences and intra-individual changes in work values. Latent measurement models with three work value dimensions showed good fit in both countries: extrinsic (importance of job security and material rewar…
SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT TO YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN INTEGRATION PROCESS
2016
The purpose of the article is on the basis of theoretical formulations to analyze participation and integration as pedagogical category and socio-pedagogical means, facilitating the participation of youth in integration process in two aspects – in educational system and labour market, linkages between participation and understanding the integration as terminal (related to life goals), instrumental (means of reaching life goals) and opportune (related to opportunities) value as well as implicants of efficient participation.