Search results for "velocity"

showing 10 items of 881 documents

Zones of soft and hard self-excitation in gyrotrons: Generalized approach

2020

It is known that the gyrotron theory is developed in a general form that allows one to draw many important conclusions about gyrotron operation, which are valid for gyrotrons operating in arbitrary modes, at arbitrary frequencies, and driven by electron beams with different voltages and currents. One of important issues in this theory is the analysis of possible start-up scenarios, i.e., the methods allowing, first, to excite the desired mode prior to competitors in the region of soft self-excitation of this mode and, then, drive it into the zone of hard self-excitation where, as a rule, the operation with high efficiency is possible. So far, in all studies, these zones of soft and hard sel…

PhysicsMode (statistics)ElectronCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesElectron velocity010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionComputational physicslawGyrotron0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsExcitationVoltagePhysics of Plasmas
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Scaling behavior in the $\beta$-relaxation regime of a supercooled Lennard-Jones mixture

1994

We report the results of a molecular dynamics simulation of a supercooled binary Lennard-Jones mixture. By plotting the self intermediate scattering functions vs. rescaled time, we find a master curve in the $\beta$-relaxation regime. This master curve can be fitted well by a power-law for almost three decades in rescaled time and the scaling time, or relaxation time, has a power-law dependence on temperature. Thus the predictions of mode-coupling-theory on the existence of a von Schweidler law are found to hold for this system; moreover, the exponents in these two power-laws are very close to satisfying the exponent relationship predicted by the mode-coupling-theory. At low temperatures, t…

PhysicsMolecular dynamicsCondensed matter physicsExponentGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsRelaxation (physics)Beta (velocity)Function (mathematics)Condensed MatterDiffusion (business)SupercoolingScaling
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Neutrinoless double beta decays of 106Cd revisited

2011

Abstract Neutrinoless double beta ( 0 ν 2 β ) decays of 106 Cd are studied for the transitions to the ground state, 0 gs + , and 0 + excited states in 106 Pd by using realistic many-body wave functions calculated in the framework of the quasiparticle random-phase approximation and its extensions. Effective, G-matrix-based nuclear forces are used in large single-particle model spaces. Both the β + β + and β + EC channels of the 0 ν 2 β decay are discussed and half-lives are computed. Particular attention is devoted to the study of the detectability of the resonant neutrinoless double electron capture ( R 0 ν ECEC ) process in 106 Cd. The calculations of the present article constitute the thu…

PhysicsMultiple-commutator modelNuclear and High Energy PhysicsElectron captureNuclear physicsDouble beta decayExcited stateQuasiparticleNuclear forceQuasiparticle random-phase approximationBeta (velocity)Neutrinoless double beta decaysResonant neutrinoless double electron captureGround stateRandom phase approximationPhysics Letters B
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External noise effects on the electron velocity fluctuations in semiconductors

2008

We investigate the modification of the intrinsic carrier noise spectral density induced in low-doped semiconductor materials by an external correlated noise source added to the driving high-frequency periodic electric field. A Monte Carlo approach is adopted to numerically solve the transport equation by considering all the possible scattering phenomena of the hot electrons in the medium. We show that the noise spectra are strongly affected by the intensity and the correlation time of the external random electric field. Moreover this random field can cause a suppression of the total noise power.

PhysicsNoise powerCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceRandom fieldScatteringNoise spectral densityMonte Carlo methodGeneral Physics and AstronomyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesElectron velocity fluctuationNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaComputational physicsMonte Carlo methodSemiconductor materialsSpectral densityElectric fieldElectric fieldConvection–diffusion equationElectron velocity analyzer
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Frequency influence on the hot-electron noise reduction in GaAs operating under periodic signals

2008

A Monte Carlo study of the role of the frequency on the hot-electron intrinsic noise reduction in an n-type GaAs bulk driven by two mixed cyclostationary electric fields is presented. Previous numerical results showed the possibility to reduce the diffusion noise under specific wave-mixing conditions. In this work the variations of the noise properties are investigated by computing and integrating the spectral density of the velocity fluctuations. We found that the effect of reduction of the noise level due to the addition of a second field at twice frequency is almost independent of the frequency.

PhysicsNoise temperatureCondensed matter physicsCyclostationary processNoise reductionNoise spectral densityMonte Carlo methodSemiconducting gallium arsenideGeneral Physics and AstronomySpectral densityVelocity fluctuationSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaMonte Carlo methodPeriodic signalSpectral densityNoise generatorElectric fieldNoise abatementNoise (radio)Hot electrons
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A Fractional Approach to Non-Newtonian Blood Rheology in Capillary Vessels

2019

In small arterial vessels, fluid mechanics involving linear viscous fluid does not reproduce experimental results that correspond to non-parabolic profiles of velocity across the vessel diameter. In this paper, an alternative approach is pursued introducing long-range interactions that describe the interactions of non-adjacent fluid volume elements due to the presence of red blood cells and other dispersed cells in plasma. These non-local forces are defined as linearly dependent on the product of the volumes of the considered elements and on their relative velocity. Moreover, as the distance between two volume elements increases, the non-local forces decay with a material distance-decaying …

PhysicsNon-local modelRelative velocityNon-local fluidFluid mechanicsBlood flowFunction (mathematics)MechanicsViscous liquidFractional calculuNon-Newtonian fluidPhysics::Fluid DynamicsVolume (thermodynamics)RheologyMesoscale approachSolid mechanicsJournal of Peridynamics and Nonlocal Modeling
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Determination of the stochastic evolution equation from noisy experimental data

2003

We have determined the coefficients of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation as functions of coarse graining, which best describe the time evolution and spatial behavior observed for slow-combustion fronts in sheets of paper and magnetic flux fronts in a thin-film high-Tc superconductor. Reconstruction of the relevant equation of motion and its coefficients was mainly based on the inverse method proposed by Lam and Sander [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 561 (1993)]. The coefficient of the nonlinear term was also determined from the local slope-dependence of the front velocity.

PhysicsNonlinear systemStochastic processCondensed Matter::Statistical MechanicsFront velocityTime evolutionEquations of motionStatistical physicsInverse problemCondensed Matter PhysicsMagnetic fluxElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsKardar–Parisi–Zhang equationThe European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter
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Time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis ofB0→D∓K0π±decays

2008

We present for the first time a measurement of the weak phase 2 beta+gamma obtained from a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B-0 ->(DK0)-K--/+pi(+/-) decays. Using a sample of approximately 347x10(6) B (B) over bar pairs collected by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy storage rings and assuming the ratio r of the b -> u and b -> c decay amplitudes to be 0.3, we obtain 2 beta+gamma=(83 +/- 53 +/- 20)degrees and the equivalent solution at +180 degrees. The magnitudes and phases for the resonances associated with the b -> c transitions are also extracted from the fit.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationAnalytical chemistryDalitz plotResonance01 natural sciencesNuclear physicsParticle decayAmplitude0103 physical sciencesCP violationHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentBeta (velocity)010306 general physicsBar (unit)Physical Review D
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Compilation and Evaluation of Beta-Delayed Neutron Emission Probabilities and Half-Lives for Z > 28 Precursors

2020

Abstract We present a compilation and evaluation of experimental β-delayed neutron emission probabilities (Pn) and half-lives (T1/2) for known or potential β-delayed neutron precursors with atomic number Z > 28 (73Cu–233Fr). This article includes the recommended values of both of these quantities, together with a compilation of experimental measurements when available. Some notable cases, as well as proposed standards for β-delayed neutron measurements are also discussed. Evaluated data has also been compared to systematics using three different approaches. The literature cut-off date for this work is August 15, 2020.

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsNeutron emissionNuclear data01 natural sciencesNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesEvaluated dataNeutronBeta (velocity)Atomic number010306 general physicsDelayed neutronNuclear Data Sheets
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Theoretical description of the fourth-forbidden non-unique β decays ofCd113andIn115

2006

The half-lives and $\mathrm{log}\mathit{ft}$ values for the fourth-forbidden non-unique beta decays of the ground states of $^{113}\mathrm{Cd}$ and $^{115}\mathrm{In}$ were calculated using a transparent formulation for the ${\ensuremath{\beta}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ transition amplitude. The microscopic quasiparticle-phonon model (MQPM) was used to calculate the initial and final states of the transitions. The corresponding wave functions were described as linear combinations of one- and three-quasiparticle configurations built in a realistic single-particle model space by using a realistic microscopic two-body interaction. The computed results for the $\mathrm{log}\mathit{ft}$ values and half…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsAmplitudeBeta (velocity)Atomic physicsWave functionTwo-body problemLinear combinationSpace (mathematics)Physical Review C
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