Search results for "vibrio vulnificus"
showing 10 items of 97 documents
Utilization of hemin and hemoglobin by Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2
1996
The eel pathogen Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is able to use hemoglobin (Hb) and hemin (Hm) to reverse iron limitation. In this stud, the adjuvant effect of both compounds on eel pathogenicity has been evaluated and confirmed. Further, we have studied the heme-iron acquisition mechanism displayed by this bacterium. Whole cells were capable of binding Hb and Hm, independently of (i) iron levels in growth medium and (ii) the presence of polysaccharide capsules on bacterial surface. The Hb- and Hm-binding capacity was retained by the outer membrane protein (OMP) fraction and was abolished after proteolytic digestion of OMP samples. Western blotting (immunoblotting) of denatured OMPs revealed th…
Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 serovar E gne but not galE is essential for lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and virulence
2008
ABSTRACT This work aimed to establish the role of gne (encoding UDP-GalNAc 4-epimerase activity) and galE (encoding UDP-Gal-4-epimerase activity) in the biosynthesis of surface polysaccharides, as well as in the virulence for eels and humans of the zoonotic serovar of Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2, serovar E. DNA sequence data revealed that gne and galE are quite homologous within this species (≥90% homology). Mutation in gne of strain CECT4999 increased the surface hydrophobicity, produced deep alterations in the outer membrane architecture, and resulted in noticeable increases in the sensitivity to microcidal peptides (MP), to eel and human sera, and to phagocytosis/opsonophagocytosis. Furt…
Serum antibodies to Vibrio vulnificus biotype 3 lipopolysaccharide and susceptibility to disease caused by the homologous V. vulnificus biotype
2011
SUMMARYIn 1996 an outbreak of severe soft tissue infections caused byVibrio vulnificusunexpectedly erupted in fish consumers in Israel with relatively little morbidity in fish farmers. To test the hypothesis that recurrent exposure of fishermen to the virulent strain may have provided protection against severe or symptomatic disease, we investigated the association between the immune response toV. vulnificusbiotype 3 lipopolysaccharide (BT3 LPS) and disease susceptibility in fish farmers and fish consumers. Serum samples were tested for IgA and IgG of anti-BT3 LPS in fishermen and fish consumers who suffered fromV. vulnificusBT3 infections and their matched controls. Pre-existing levels of …
Structure of a polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharides of Vibrio vulnificus strains CECT 5198 and S3-I2-36, which is remarkably similar to the O-…
2009
High-molecular-mass polysaccharides were released by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharides of two wild-type Vibrio vulnificus strain, a flagellated motile strain CECT 5198 and a non-flagellated non-motile strain S3-I2-36. Studies by sugar analysis and partial acid hydrolysis along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies showed that the polysaccharides from both strains have the same trisaccharide repeating unit of the following structure: --4)-beta-d-GlcpNAc3NAcylAN-(1--4)-alpha-l-GalpNAmA-(1--3)-alpha-d-QuipNAc-(1--where QuiNAc stands for 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyglucose, GalNAmA for 2-acetimidoylamino-2-deoxygalacturonic acid, GlcNAc3NAcylAN for 2-acetamido-3-acylamino-2,3-dideoxy…
Structure of a polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio vulnificus CECT4602 containing 2-acetamido-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-[(S)- and (R)-3-hydro…
2008
A polysaccharide was isolated by GPC after mild acid treatment of the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio vulnificus CECT4602 and found to contain L-Rha, D-GlcpNAc and 2-acetamido-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-(3-hydroxybutanoylamino)-L-mannose (L-RhaNAc3NHb). GLC analysis of the trifluoroacetylated (S)-2-octyl esters derived by full acid hydrolysis of the polysaccharide showed that approximately 80% of the 3-hydroxybutanoic acid has the S configuration and approximately 20% the R configuration. The following structure of the polysaccharide was established by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies, including 2D ROESY and (1)H/(13)C HMBC experiments: [carbohydrate sequence see in text].
The lipopolysaccharide O side chain of Vibrio vulnificus serogroup E is a virulence determinant for eels
1997
Vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium capable of producing septicemic infections in eels and immunocompromised humans. Two biotypes are classically recognized, with the virulence for eels being specific to strains belonging to biotype 2, which constitutes a homogeneous lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-based O serogroup (which we have designated serogroup E). In the present study we demonstrated that the O side chain of this LPS determines the selective virulence of biotype 2 for eels: (i) biotype 1 strains (which do not belong to serogroup E) are destroyed by the bactericidal action of nonimmune eel serum (NIS) through activation of the alternative pathway of complement, (ii) biotype 2 str…
A multiplex PCR for the detection of Vibrio vulnificus hazardous to human and/or animal health from seafood
2022
Vibrio vulnificus is a zoonotic pathogen linked to aquaculture that is spreading due to climate change. The pathogen can be transmitted to humans and animals by ingestion of raw shellfish or seafood feed, respectively. The aim of this work was to design and test a new procedure to detect V. vulnificus hazardous to human and/or animal health in food/feed samples. For this purpose, we combined a pre-enrichment step with multiplex PCR using primers for the species and for human and animal virulence markers. In vitro assays with mixed DNA from different Vibrio species and Vibrio cultures showed that the new protocol was 100 % specific with a detection limit of 10 cfu/mL. The protocol was succes…
The Fish Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus Biotype 2: Epidemiology, Phylogeny, and Virulence Factors Involved in Warm-Water Vibriosis
2015
ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus biotype 2 is the etiological agent of warm-water vibriosis, a disease that affects eels and other teleosts, especially in fish farms. Biotype 2 is polyphyletic and probably emerged from aquatic bacteria by acquisition of a transferable virulence plasmid that encodes resistance to innate immunity of eels and other teleosts. Interestingly, biotype 2 comprises a zoonotic clonal complex designated as serovar E that has extended worldwide. One of the most interesting virulence factors produced by serovar E is RtxA1 3 , a multifunctional protein that acts as a lethal factor for fish, an invasion factor for mice, and a survival factor outside the host. Two practically id…
Method for Specific Identification of the Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen Vibrio vulnificus Lineage 3 (Formerly Biotype 3).
2020
ABSTRACT Vibrio vulnificus is a zoonotic pathogen that is spreading worldwide due to global warming. Lineage 3 (L3; formerly biotype 3) includes the strains of the species with the unique ability to cause fish farm-linked outbreaks of septicemia. The L3 strains emerged recently and are particularly virulent and difficult to identify. Here, we describe a newly developed PCR method based on a comparative genomic study useful for both rapid identification and epidemiological studies of this interesting emerging group. The comparative genomic analysis also revealed the presence of a genetic duplication in the L3 strains that could be related to the unique ability of this lineage to produce sept…