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A systematic review of quality of life research in medicine and health sciences
2019
Purpose Quality of life (QOL) is an important concept in the field of health and medicine. QOL is a complex concept that is interpreted and defined differently within and between disciplines, including the fields of health and medicine. The aims of this study were to systematically review the literature on QOL in medicine and health research and to describe the country of origin, target groups, instruments, design, and conceptual issues. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify research studies on QOL and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The databases Scopus, which includes Embase and MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for articles published during one random we…
Does organized sports participation in childhood and adolescence positively influence health? A review of reviews
2021
Highlights • Eight systematic reviews on organized sports participation related to health exist. • Organized sports participation has a moderate effect on crude body weight loss. • Dose relates to anxiety, depression, physical activity, and bone health responses. • Associations with psychological and social health were inconclusive. • Experimental and longitudinal population-based observational studies are needed.
Suitability of the health and social care resources for persons requiring long-term care in Spain: An empirical approach
2004
Abstract The objective of this paper is to examine the suitability of specific facilities for dependent persons for meeting users’ needs. A total of 1265 users of social and health facilities for dependent persons were interviewed in a study carried out in a typical southern European region with a Mediterranean welfare system: the Valencia Autonomous Region in Spain. Data were obtained on users’ socio-demographic profile, health, functional dependence, cognition, social support and housing suitability. Based on these data and the institutional definitions of the specific facilities for dependent persons, the suitability index was drawn up for each facility and suitability was evaluated usin…
Handgrip strength and health outcomes: Umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies
2020
Highlights • We carried out an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of observational studies on handgrip strength and all health outcomes. • Three outcomes (lower all-cause mortality, lower cardiovascular mortality, and lower risk of disability) were found to have highly suggestive evidence. • One outcome (chair rise performance over time) was found to have suggestive evidence. • Five outcomes (walking speed, inability to balance, hospital admissions, cardiac death, and mortality in those with chronic kidney disease) were found to have weak evidence.
Lived experiences of self-care among older, home-dwelling individuals identified to be at risk of undernutrition
2012
Solveig T Tomstad,1,2 Ulrika Söderhamn,2 Geir Arild Espnes,3 Olle Söderhamn21Department of Social Work and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; 2Centre for Caring Research – Southern Norway, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway; 3Research Centre for Health Promotion and Resources HiST-NTNU, Department of Social Work and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayIntroduction: In a society where most older people live in their own homes, it may be expected of older individuals to exercise their potential to take care of themselves in daily life. Nutrition is a central aspect of se…
Association between developmental coordination disorder or low motor competence, and risk of impaired bone health across the lifespan: protocol for a…
2020
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review will assess the association between developmental coordination disorder and low motor competence, and impairments in bone health across the lifespan. INTRODUCTION: Individuals with developmental coordination disorder tend to have a pattern of physical activity associated with bone health impairments. Preliminary studies have found impairments in bone health measures, including fractures, throughout the lifespan with potential public health ramifications. As studies in this area are of small samples across wide age ranges no comprehensive picture of bone health in this group has been formed, hindering action. A systematic review is needed to determine the po…
Transforming Obesity Prevention for CHILDren (TOPCHILD) Collaboration: protocol for a systematic review with individual participant data meta-analysi…
2022
ABSTRACTIntroductionBehavioural interventions in early life appear to show some effect in reducing childhood overweight and obesity. However, uncertainty remains regarding their overall effectiveness, and whether effectiveness differs among key subgroups. These evidence gaps have prompted an increase in very early childhood obesity prevention trials worldwide. Combining the individual participant data (IPD) from these trials will enhance statistical power to determine overall effectiveness and enable examination of intervention-covariate interactions. We present a protocol for a systematic review with IPD meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of obesity prevention interventions commen…
Journalist–source relations and the deliberative system: A network performance approach to investigating journalism’s contribution to facilitating pu…
2018
Journalist–source relationships and interactions are interpreted in this study as crucial mechanisms for linking different arenas in a deliberative system. To unravel these source networks, 106 semi-standardized interviews with journalists as well as public relations (PR) professionals from government delegations and non-governmental organizations were conducted on-site three United Nations (UN) climate change conferences between 2010 and 2013, and an online survey was administered during the conference in 2015. The analysis shows that most journalists maintain close relationships with their home country delegation. However, journalists experienced in climate conference coverage also maint…
Developments in the dehydrogenative electrochemical synthesis of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-2,2′-biphenol
2021
Abstract The symmetric biphenol 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethyl‐2,2′‐biphenol is a well‐known ligand building block and is used in transition‐metal catalysis. In the literature, there are several synthetic routes for the preparation of this exceptional molecule. Herein, the focus is on the sustainable electrochemical synthesis of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethyl‐2,2′‐biphenol. A brief overview of the developmental history of this inconspicuous molecule, which is of great interest for technical applications, but has many challenges for its synthesis, is provided. The electro‐organic method is a powerful, sustainable, and efficient alternative to conventional synthesis to obtain this symmetric biphenol up to the …
Strain Release Chemistry of Photogenerated Small‐Ring Intermediates
2021
Abstract Photochemical processes, such as isomerizations and cycloadditions, have proven to be very useful in the construction of highly strained molecular frameworks. Photoinduced ring strain enables subsequent exergonic reactions which do not require the input of additional chemical energy and provides a variety of attractive synthetic options leading to complex structures. This review covers the progress achieved in the application of sequences combining excitation by ultraviolet light to form strained intermediates, which are further transformed to lower energy products in strain‐release reactions. As ring strain is considerable in small ring systems, photogenerated three‐ and four‐memb…