Search results for "vine"

Climate change impacts on phytosanitary risk evolution in north-eastern France vineyards : observations and modeling : The case of powdery mildew

2021

From now on, agriculture must adapt and anticipate climate change, whose impact has already been observed on the biology of crops and their production. Beyond plants, this climate change also impacts pathogen development and therefore host/pathogen interactions. Thus, building adaptation strategies requires considering not only the crops but also the organisms with which they interact.The objective of this thesis is to characterize the impact of climate change on the phytosanitary risk related to grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) in the wine regions of Burgundy and Champagne. More particularly, it questions two central aspects related to the epidemic risk: the grapevine sensitive …

Albumin binding and hydrophobic character of promazine and chlorpromazine metabolites.

1972

1. The binding of didesmethylpromazine, promazine N-oxide, 2-hydroxypromazine, promazine sulfoxide, monodesmethylpromazine sulfoxide, didesmethylchlorpromazine, chlorpromazine N-oxide, and chlorpromazine sulfoxide to bovine serum albumin was determined by means of sephadex gel filtration. 2. The albumin binding of these substances was characterized by the following parameters: the percentage α of free substance, the percentage β of bound substance, the binding constants K1, k+ and m, the number of binding sites per albumin molecule, and the free binding energy ΔFo. 3. The partition coefficients between n-octanol and buffer solution, pH 7.40, were measured for the above mentioned metabolites…

Effect of the natural winemaking process applied at industrial level on the microbiological and chemical characteristics of wine.

2013

The composition of yeast and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) communities and the chemical evolution of the large-scale commercial vinification of Catarratto IGT Sicilia, carried out under the biological regime, was followed from grape harvest until bottling. Simultaneously to the maximum growth of yeasts, LAB counts reached high level of concentration (6-7 log CFU mL(-1)) during the first steps of the alcoholic fermentation. Yeast identification was determined applying different molecular methods. The highest species biodiversity was observed on grape and must samples taken soon after pressing. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was detected at dominant concentrations during the entire winemaking process.…

Cationized albumin-biocoatings for the immobilization of lipid vesicles

2010

Tethered lipid membranes or immobilized lipid vesicles are frequently used as biomimetic systems. In this article, the authors presented a suitable method for efficient immobilization of lipid vesicles onto a broad range of surfaces, enabling analysis by quantitative methods even under rigid, mechanical conditions-bare surfaces such as hydrophilic glass surfaces as well as hydrophobic polymer slides or metal surfaces such as gold. The immobilization of vesicles was based on the electrostatic interaction of zwitterionic or negatively charged lipid vesicles with two types of cationic chemically modified bovine serum albumin (cBSA) blood plasma proteins (cBSA-113 and cBSA-147). Quantitative an…

Purification of a fetal bovine serum factor that inhibits DNA synthesis in chick embryo retinas

1992

Analyzing Regional Geographic Challenges: The Resilience of Chinese Vineyards to Land Degradation Using a Societal and Biophysical Approach

2021

Land degradation, especially soil erosion, is a societal issue that affects vineyards worldwide, but there are no current investigations that inform specifically about soil erosion rates in Chinese vineyards. In this review, we analyze this problem and the need to avoid irreversible damage to soil and their use from a regional point of view. Information about soil erosion in vineyards has often failed to reach farmers, and we can affirm that to this time, soil erosion in Chinese vineyards has been more of a scientific hypothesis than an agronomic or environmental concern. Two hypotheses can be presented to justify this review: (i) there are no official and scientific investigations on viney…

Identification of the cell-wall derived xyloglucan as a new damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) eliciting plant immunity in Vitis vinifera and…

2018

Activation of the plant immune responses requires recognition of common pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) by their cognate pattern recognition receptors (PRR). Chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls, is a well-known PAMP that triggers defense responses in several mammal and plant species.In the first part of this study, we show that two chitooligosaccharides, chitin and chitosan, act as PAMPs in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) as they elicit immune signaling events, defense gene expression, and resistance against pathogens. These two PAMPs are active in grapevine suggesting that at least one perception system exists. Phylogenetic analysis clearly distinguished three V. vinifer…

Displacement of phenprocoumon (Marcumar) from albumin by sulfonylurea compounds, suramin, and ioglycamic acid.

1972

The technique of Sephadex gel filtration was employed to characterize the effect of some sulfonylurea compounds, ioglycamic acid, and suramin on the binding of phenprocoumon to bovine serum albumin.

Enrichment of proteinaceous materials on a strong cation-exchange diol silica restricted access material: protein–protein displacement and interactio…

2004

A study of size exclusion and enrichment of proteins employing strong cation-exchange diol silica restricted access material (SCX-RAM) under saturation conditions is presented. Experiments were carried out with bacitracin, protamine, ribonuclease, lysozyme and bovine serum albumin as individual proteinaceous analytes as well as comprehensive binary mixtures and with human urine samples. Protein size dependent capacity features of the SCX-RAM column was observed. Bacitracin demonstrated the highest capacity followed by protamine while adsorption capacities of both ribonuclease and lysozyme were found smaller by a factor of 10. Applying binary protein samples occurring displacement effects we…

Versuche zur fraktionierung von proteingemischen mit polyacrylsäuren

1953

Proteine lassen sich quantitativ aus wasriger saurer Losung durch Polyacrylsauren (P 200–400) ausfallen. Die Symplexe losen sich bei neutralem PH; nach Entfernung der hochpolymeren Saure als schwerlosliches Ba- oder Protaminsalz werden die Proteine undenaturiert zuruckerhalten. Untersucht wurde die Abhangigkeit der ausgefallten Protein-menge vom PH und von der zugesetzten Menge an PAcs bei reinem Serum-Albumin und Globulin (Rind), sowie an Gemischen aus beiden und an Humanserum. Unter Verwendung der Papierelektrophorese konnte die bei allmahlicher Zugabe des Fallungsmittels bei PH 4, 6 eintretende Fraktionierung verfolgt werden, bei der zuerst Albumin, dann die Globuline zur Abscheidung gel…