Search results for "vocation"

School-to-work transition in France: the role of education in escaping long-term NEET trajectories

2020

International audience; The aim of this paper is to analyse the school-to-work transition of young people in France, focusing specifically on those who are not in employment, education or training (so-called NEETs), in order to understand their risk of becoming and remaining NEET. Using longitudinal data from a representative national cohort of French young people leaving the educational system in 2010, this study shows how NEET status fits in more or less long-lasting ways in their career pathways. We indicate that 70% of young people experienced a NEET status at least once over the three-year period, if we retain a static and conventional definition of NEET. For most of them, NEET is a te…

Vocational teachers’ pathways in the course of a curriculum reform

2011

Teachers face continuous changes, many of which significantly influence their professional identities and work practices. This study investigates Finnish vocational teachers’ pathways in the course of a curriculum reform. The data were obtained by interviewing 14 vocational teachers twice, i.e. at the initial and later stages of the reform. This study used a narrative approach to analyse the interviews as whole and also to illustrate variations between teachers. The teachers were found to exhibit distinctive pathways through the reform: an empowerment pathway, a critical but adaptive pathway, an open and expectant pathway, a successful transformation pathway, and a struggling pathway. The p…

How Can We Assess the Perception of Induced Dyspnea in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

2004

Objective TO evaluate various methods for studying the perception of dyspnea in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using a new parameter, the change in Borg scale rating, and others already in use: the linear regression slope and the application of Stevens' law to the response-perception curve-ie change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (ΔFEV 1 )-change in dyspnea (Adyspnea). Patients and method A bronchial challenge test was performed on 70 patients with stable COPD and no contraindications for performing the test (European Respiratory Society criteria), during which dyspnea was measured (Borg scale) after each nebulization. Perception was analyzed using: a ) the linear reg…

2020

Obtaining information on expectations among dental students regarding their career planning was the main purpose of this observational online survey. The questionnaire was designed with 18 items in five different languages: English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. Data were collected on nationality, age, sex, country of residence, university attended, semester, expected year of graduation and expectations about future career. More than 3000 participants (n = 3851, 2863 females 74.34% and 988 males 25.66% with a sex ratio of 0.35) participated in the survey. Almost one-third (31.29%) of the participants plan to start their own practice at least three years after vocational training, a q…

What distinguishes responders from nonresponders to a vocational rehabilitation program?

2015

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare responders and nonresponders in terms of work ability (WA) to a multidisciplinary vocational rehabilitation program (MVRP) in Norway. Methods: The WA of 74 participants was tested at baseline and in the final week of a 4–6-week intervention. The participants whose WA increased were defined as WA-responders, whereas participants with no increases or with decreases in their WA after the intervention were defined as WA-nonresponders. Measures of functional health, psychological functioning, and demographics were also collected. Results: Overall, the results of this study indicate that the WA improved and the proportion of participants with…

Effects of topical treatment with the raft modulator miltefosine and clobetasol in cutaneous mastocytosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-contro…

2009

Background Mastocytosis is characterized by the accumulation and activation of mast cells in different organs, most commonly the skin. Miltefosine, a raft modulator, has recently been shown to inhibit the activation of mast cells and to reduce mast cell-driven skin inflammatory responses. Objectives To study the safety and efficacy of topical miltefosine treatment of skin lesions in patients with mastocytosis. Methods Thirty-nine adult patients with mastocytosis with skin involvement were treated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel trial with topical miltefosine and clobetasol for 2 weeks. Treatment areas were analysed for changes in skin lesions and symptoms following mechanica…

Diagnostic significance of cold provocation test at 12°C

2005

In Germany, vibration-induced white finger (VWF) disease is accepted as an occupational disease (BK No. 2104 BKV), for which compensation may be paid provided that the sociolegal requirements are met in accordance with the list of occupational diseases that is valid at the time. A cold provocation test (thermometry, infrared thermography) is helpful in the diagnosis of VWF and we believe that it could contribute to the standardization of vascular assessment methods. In Germany, the approved degree of the decrease in earning power is downgraded as disease symptoms improve with time; therefore, insured individuals suffering from VWF are regularly reassessed every 1–3 years. In the context of …

Muscle strength according to level of physical exercise and educational background in middle-aged women in Finland.

1992

The aim of this study was to examine the role of socio-economic status and the practice of physical exercise in explaining variation in muscle strength in 50 to 60-year-old women. Consequently, four study groups combining education and physical activity were formed: (1) university education, physically active; (2) university education, sedentary; (3) vocational or lower level of education, physically active; (4) vocational or lower level of education, sedentary. Maximal isometric strength of hand grip, arm flexion, body flexion and extension as well as dynamic power of the abdominal muscles were measured in 112 women. The results of the maximal isometric strength measurements were standardi…

Novel hybrid technology for early diagnostics of sepsis

2017

Sepsis is a potentially fatal disease with mortality rate as high as 50% in patients with septic shock; mortality rate can increase by 7.6% per hour if appropriate treatment is not started. Internationally accepted guidelines for diagnosis of sepsis rely on vital sign monitoring and laboratory tests in order to recognize organ failure. This pilot study aims to explore the potential of hyperspectral and thermal imaging techniques to identify and quantify early alterations in skin oxygenation and perfusion induced by sepsis. The study comprises both physiological model experiments on healthy volunteers in a laboratory environment, as well as screening case series of patients with septic shock…

Acceptability, reach and implementation of a training to enhance teachers’ skills in physical activity promotion

2020

This is a pre-print of a published study: Renko, E., Knittle, K., Palsola, M. et al. Acceptability, reach and implementation of a training to enhance teachers’ skills in physical activity promotion. BMC Public Health 20, 1568 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09653-x Background: In order to achieve real-world impacts, successful behavior change interventions need to be scaled up and broadly implemented. Implementation is challenging however, and the factors influencing successful implementation are not fully understood. This study describes the nationwide implementation of a complex theory-based program to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in vocational school…