Search results for "void"

showing 10 items of 435 documents

Temporal Series Analysis on Avoidable Mortality for the Assessment of an Intervention Program in a Hospital

2017

Background: Avoidable mortality (AM) is one of the most important health indicators (HI) and represents the quality of care in a hospital.Objective: This study measured the efficacy of a training program for a hospital healthcare staff to reduce AM.Methods: This epidemiological study on community intervention analyzed time-series data on HI by semesters from 2008 to 2015. The pre-intervention phase was examined from January 2008 to December 2014; the intervention phase was investigated in the first semester of 2015; and the post-intervention phase was examined in the second semester of 2015.Results: Resindicate a series with a rising tendency until the 14th semester and a pronounced descent…

Series (stratigraphy)medicine.medical_specialtyPediatricslcsh:Internal medicineIntervention programbusiness.industrylcsh:Rlcsh:MedicineHealth ServicesAvoidable mortalityHealth indicatorHospitalsIntervention (counseling)Cause of DeathHealth careEpidemiologymedicineQuality of health carebusinesslcsh:RC31-1245Cause of deathDemographyHospital Practices and Research
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A rare form of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia-type A4

1998

We present 2 cases of a previously apparently unreported spondylo-metaphyseal dysplasia comprising dwarfism, severe metaphyseal changes, ovoid vertebrae and mild platyspondyly with anterior tonguing of the vertebral bodies. The inheritance may be autosomal recessive.

musculoskeletal diseasesmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryDwarfismOvoid vertebraeAnatomymusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diseaseOsteochondrodysplasiaEndocrinologySpondylometaphyseal dysplasiaDysplasiaInternal medicinemedicinePlatyspondylysense organsMild platyspondylyCongenital diseasebusinessGenetics (clinical)American Journal of Medical Genetics
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Experience and dominance in fish pairs jointly shape parasite avoidance behaviour

2018

There is increasing evidence that the composition of a social group influences the fitness of its members. For example, group member identities can determine the exposure risk to contact-transmitted parasites and consequently impact the health of all group members. Here, we propose that group composition may also affect host exposure to parasite propagules prevailing in the environment via collective parasite avoidance behaviours. We explored the spatial avoidance of a trematode parasite, Diplostomum pseudospathaceum, using the simplest form of host groups, pairs of sea trout, Salmo trutta trutta. These pairs showed either (1) between-group heterogeneity in their experience with the parasit…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicinesocial dominanceZoologyAffect (psychology)eläinten käyttäytyminen010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesSocial group03 medical and health sciencesloisetParasite hostingSalmoEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsgroup compositionbiologyHost (biology)parasite avoidancekalat (eläimet)socialitybiology.organism_classification030104 developmental biologyDominance (ethology)Avoidance behaviourcollective movementta1181Fish <Actinopterygii>Animal Science and ZoologyAnimal Behaviour
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Corporate tax cuts and business-friendly policies in the UK - A review of electoral arguments during the 2015 legislative campaign

2016

The stance toward big business was a heated topic during Britain’s 2015 legislative campaign that led to the triumphal, albeit slightly unexpected, reelection of David Cameron, as Prime Minister. More profoundly, it raises the issue of the economic impact of corporate tax cuts and the nature of business-friendly policies in the UK. Firstly, we investigate the electoral arguments on both sides of the political spectrum. These discussions are framed within the overarching approach known as supply-side economics, which has been prevalent in English-speaking countries since the neoliberal revolution in the late 1970s. Secondly, we put forward the idea that widening inequalities, as suggested re…

Legislativ campaignPolitical spectrumPublic economicsTax cutsLegislatureTax reformBig businessTax avoidance[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinancePolitical economyGeneral electionEconomics[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesEconomic impact analysisUK[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceCorporate tax
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Performance Evaluation of CANIT Algorithm in Presence of Congestion Losses

2001

In this paper, we analize by queuing-simulation CANIT (Congestion Avoidance with Normalized Interval of Time) algorithm performances in presence of congestion losses. In a former work [3], we proposed the algorithm (CANIT) for TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) congestion avoidance phase in order to improve fairness during this phase, and we showed that using CANIT algorithm in an environment without loss, instead of standard congestion avoidance algorithm improves both congestion avoidance fairness and bandwith utilization for long RTT connections. In this paper, we consider congestion losses and show that the fairness as well as the bandwith utilization are more efficient when using CANI…

Network congestionTraffic congestionComputer scienceTransmission Control ProtocolComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSFairness measureTCP tuningCongestion windowRound-trip delay timeInterval (mathematics)H-TCPTCP congestion-avoidance algorithmAlgorithm
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Incompleteness and not just right experiences in the explanation of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

2015

In the past decade, not just right experiences (NJRE) and incompleteness (INC) have attracted renewed interest as putative motivators of symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), beyond harm avoidance (HA). This study examines, in 267 non-clinical undergraduates and 47 OCD patients, the differential contributions of HA, INC, and NJRE to the different OCD symptom dimensions and the propensity to have the disorder. The results indicate that although both the NJRE and INC range from normality to OCD, their number and intensity significantly increase as the obsessional tendencies increase, which suggests that they are vulnerability markers for OCD. Although they cannot be considered full…

AdultMale050103 clinical psychologyObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychotherapistmedia_common.quotation_subjectbehavioral disciplines and activities03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineObsessive compulsiveSurveys and Questionnairesmental disordersmedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBiological PsychiatryNormalitymedia_commonMotivationOperationalization05 social sciencesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasehumanities030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthGeneral distressCompulsive behaviorTraitCompulsive BehaviorHarm avoidanceFemalemedicine.symptomObsessive BehaviorConstruct (philosophy)PsychologyPsychiatry research
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Clinical obsessions in obsessive–compulsive patients and obsession-relevant intrusive thoughts in non-clinical, depressed and anxious subjects: Where…

2007

Contemporary cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) assume that clinical obsessions evolve from some modalities of intrusive thoughts (ITs) that are experienced by the vast majority of the population. These approaches also consider that the differences between "abnormal" obsessions and "normal" ITs rely on quantitative parameters rather than qualitative. The present paper examines the frequency, contents, emotional impact, consequences, cognitive appraisals and control strategies associated with clinical obsessions in a group of 31 OCD patients compared with the obsession-relevant ITs in three control groups: 22 depressed patients, 31 non-obsessive anxious patients, and 30 …

AdultMaleObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPsychotherapistAdolescentmedia_common.quotation_subjectEmotionsPopulationRepression PsychologyExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyDysfunctional familybehavioral disciplines and activitiesmental disordersAvoidance LearningmedicineHumanseducationAgedmedia_commonPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesDepressive Disordereducation.field_of_studyThought suppressionMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseAnxiety DisordersIntrusive thoughtPsychiatry and Mental healthClinical PsychologyAnxietyFemaleObsessive Behaviormedicine.symptomWorryPsychologyAnxiety disorderCognitive appraisalClinical psychologyBehaviour Research and Therapy
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Social learning within and across predator species reduces attacks on novel aposematic prey

2020

Abstract To make adaptive foraging decisions, predators need to gather information about the profitability of prey. As well as learning from prey encounters, recent studies show that predators can learn about prey defences by observing the negative foraging experiences of conspecifics. However, predator communities are complex. While observing heterospecifics may increase learning opportunities, we know little about how social information use varies across predator species.Social transmission of avoidance among predators also has potential consequences for defended prey. Conspicuous aposematic prey are assumed to be an easy target for naïve predators, but this cost may be reduced if multipl…

0106 biological sciencesvaroitusväripredator-prey interactionsForagingZoologyAposematism010603 evolutionary biology01 natural scienceseläinten käyttäytyminenPredationpetoeläimetAnimalsaposematismPasseriformesSocial informationPredatorEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsheterospecific informationBehavioural EcologyParussaaliseläimetbiologyconspecific information010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyCyanistespredator–prey interactionsSocial learningbiology.organism_classificationsosiaalinen oppiminensocial learningPredatory Behavior1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyavoidance learningAnimal Science and ZoologyResearch Article
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Testing LTB void models without the cosmic microwave background or large scale structure: new constraints from galaxy ages

2012

We present new observational constraints on inhomogenous models based on observables independent of the CMB and large-scale structure. Using Bayesian evidence we find very strong evidence for homogeneous LCDM model, thus disfavouring inhomogeneous models. Our new constraints are based on quantities independent of the growth of perturbations and rely on cosmic clocks based on atomic physics and on the local density of matter.

AstrofísicaVoid (astronomy)Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)dark energy experimentsCosmic microwave backgroundgalaxy evolutionFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsBayesian evidenceAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysics01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesScale structuredark energy theory010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsCOSMIC cancer databaseCosmologia010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsObservableGalaxiesGalaxyGalàxiesCosmologyHomogeneousAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Impact of cosmic inhomogeneities on SNe observations

2009

We study the impact of cosmic inhomogeneities on the interpretation of SNe observations. We build an inhomogeneous universe model that can confront supernova data and yet is reasonably well compatible with the Copernican Principle. Our model combines a relatively small local void, that gives apparent acceleration at low redshifts, with a meatball model that gives sizeable lensing (dimming) at high redshifts. Together these two elements, which focus on different effects of voids on the data, allow the model to mimic the concordance model.

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)media_common.quotation_subjectgr-qcCosmic background radiationFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsGeneral Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciences114 Physical sciencesGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyCosmologysymbols.namesakeObservational cosmology0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsmedia_commonPhysicsCOSMIC cancer database010308 nuclear & particles physicsCopernican principleRedshiftUniverseLocal Voidsymbolsastro-ph.COAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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