Search results for "voluntary"

showing 10 items of 173 documents

Local interest groups and the perception of power in Spanish cities

2018

Studies on local interest groups have generated a considerable number of theories on urban power that have eventually become the basis of far-reaching approaches on democracy and collective action. Such literature has been especially concerned with discovering who governs the city, paving the way for discussions on elitism, pluralism and urban regimes. Some approaches consider that the business elite dominates local politics, while other theories assert that interests other than business (neighbors, environmentalists, faith-based organizations, civic groups) have been gaining relevance and access to local government. The POLLEADER survey (2006) provided data on the influence of certain soci…

Sociology and Political Sciencemedia_common.quotation_subjectCiudadesCollective actionpoder grupos de interés empresarios ciudades alcaldes.Social groupPoliticsPolitical scienceMayorsBusinessCitiesmedia_commonPoderInterest groupsVoluntary associationlcsh:JC11-607lcsh:Political theoryEmpresarioslcsh:Political institutions and public administration (General)AlcaldesPluralism (political theory)PowerLocal governmentPolitical economyPolitical Science and International Relationslcsh:JF20-2112Grupos de interèsIdeologyElitismRevista Española de Ciencia Política
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Physiotherapy Intervention for Preventing the Respiratory Muscle Deterioration in Institutionalized Older Women With Functional Impairment

2013

Abstract Introduction In elderly seniors (>80 years), respiratory function may be compromised when, in addition to the presence of comorbidity and loss of mobility, there is also reduced respiratory muscle (RM) strength. The literature has shown that RM training could be an effective method to improve RM function and prevent clinical deterioration, particularly in population with RM weakness. The main purpose of this paper was to assess the effectiveness of RM training on the respiratory muscle strength and endurance of institutionalized elderly women with functional impairment. Method Fifty-four residents (mean=85 years, SD=6.7) were randomly assigned to either a control (n=27) or training…

Spirometrymedicine.medical_specialtyeducation.field_of_studyWeaknessmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPopulationMuscle weaknessGeneral MedicineWork of breathingMaximal Voluntary VentilationPhysical therapyRespiratory muscleMedicineRespiratory functionmedicine.symptombusinesseducationArchivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)
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La mobilità volontaria nel Pubblico Impiego: margini di discrezionalità dell'Amministrazione di destinazione

2022

Il contributo, a partire da una recente pronuncia del Tribunale di Catanzaro, affronta la questione dei margini di discrezionalità della pubblica amministrazione reclutante nei procedimenti di mobilità individuale volontaria ex art. 30 d.lgs. n. 165/2001, con specifico riferimento alla fase di valutazione delle competenze professionali dei candidati. Ciò offre l’occasione per soffermarsi sulla natura dell’istituto, anche alla luce dei più recenti approdi legislativi in materia.

Starting from a recent decision of the Tribunal of Catanzaro the contribution examines the question of the discretionary margins of the recruiting public administration in individual voluntary mobility procedures pursuant to article 30 paragraph 1 legislative decree no. 165/2001. Specifically it deals with the phase of evaluation of the candidates’ professional skills. This provides an opportunity to reflect on the nature of the institute also in the context of the most recent legislative reforms.Settore IUS/07 - Diritto Del Lavoro
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Using System Dynamics modelling to frame environmental voluntary commitment programs: the French experience

2021

This study stems from a research project aimed at investigating the factors facilitating and hampering the success of the EVE (Engagements Volontaires pour l’Environnement) program recently launched in France. Similarly to other countries, in which successfully environmental voluntary commitment programs are currently in place (SmartWay in the USA), EVE program aspires to improve transport operators efficiency and to reduce CO2 emissions in the environment. However, the multiple relationships between public and private actors involved in the program (ranging from the program coordinator to transport organisations), the complexity of transport and logistics sector (including the differences …

System Dynamicenvironmental voluntary commitment programModellingperformance
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Motor imagery

2015

International audience; Before participating in a space mission, astronauts undergo parabolic-flight and underwater training to facilitate their subsequent adaptation to weightlessness. Unfortunately, similar training methods can't be used to prepare re adaptation to planetary gravity. Here, we propose a quick, simple and inexpensive approach that could be used to prepare astronauts both for the absence and for the renewed presence of gravity. This approach is based on motor imagery (MI), a process in which actions are produced in working memory without any overt output. Training protocols based on MI have repeatedly been shown to modify brain circuitry and to improve motor performance in h…

SystemProcess (engineering)Computer sciencePerformanceCognitive NeuroscienceeducationNeuroscience (miscellaneous)VoluntaryMental PracticeSpaceflightMindlaw.inventionlcsh:RC321-571spaceflightExecution03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMotor performance0302 clinical medicineMotor imageryDevelopmental NeuroscienceAeronauticslawMechanismsMovement (clockwork)Adaptation (computer science)lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatrySimulationWeightlessnessWorking memory[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience030229 sport sciencescountermeasures[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeurosciencePerspectiveStrengthMotor Imagery030217 neurology & neurosurgeryModelSportsNeuroscienceBrain circuitryFrontiers in Systems Neuroscience
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L'influence des facteurs institutionnels sur la politique d'information financière des entreprises. Une analyse à la lumière du cas français

2009

International audience; L'influence des facteurs institutionnels sur la politique d'information financière des entreprises. Une analyse à la lumière du cas français.

Système légalGestion des résultatsEarnings managementVoluntary disclosureEarnings forecastsLegal systemOwnership StructureCompulsory DisclosureStructure de propriétéPrévisions de bénéficesSystème légalDivulgation volontaireDivulgation obligatoireGestion des résultatsDivulgation volontairePrévisions de bénéficesOwnership StructureDivulgation obligatoireEarnings managementVoluntary disclosureLegal system[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration[ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration[SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationEarnings forecastsCompulsory DisclosureStructure de propriété
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Il ruolo del white paper sulle offerte al pubblico di cripto-attività alla luce della proposta MiCA

2022

La proposta MiCA, nel regolare il white paper sulle offerte di crypto-assets, sembra tenere in considerazione i benefici e i limiti dei sistemi di voluntary e di mandatory disclosure, non optando integralmente né per il primo, né per il secondo. In quest’ottica, se può condividersi l’approccio regolamentare diretto a graduare, a seconda della tipologia di token offerto, sia il contenuto che l’assoggettamento del documento a mera notifica o ad approvazione ex ante da parte dell’Autorità competente, dubbi sorgono in ordine all’indistinta allocazione dell’onere della prova in capo all’oblato, nei casi di violazione della disciplina del relativo white paper.

The MiCa proposal in the regular white paper on crypto-assets offerings seems to take into account the benefits and limitations of voluntary and mandatory disclosure systems not opting for either the former or the latter in full. On one hand one can agree with the regulatory approach aimed at adapting the content of the white paper to the type of token offered and at making the white paper either subject to mere notification or to the approval by the competent Authority depending on the asset offered. On the other hand doubts arise on the indistinct allocation of the burden of proof to the user in case of infringement of the relevant white paper framework.Settore IUS/04 - Diritto Commerciale
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Voluntary CSR vs. mandatory CSR : the sound of employees

2016

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) laws are an area of exploration and there is debate over preference to voluntary CSR laws or to mandatory CSR laws. The objective is to con-duct a micro-level study to explore the employee’s preferences for mandatory CSR laws or voluntary CSR laws. There is some existing literature on this topic at the macro-level and goal is to extend and contribute to the literature about this topic by studying the pref-erence at the micro-level. A qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews was conducted with 15 employees in India and Finland. The study contributes by identifying two different kinds of typologies of employees based on their experiences with…

TypologylainsäädäntöyhteiskuntavastuuEmployee preferencesSuomiIndiaIntiaMandatory CSR lawVoluntary CSR lawsRole of government in CSRFinlandyritykset
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Quantifying trade-offs between ecological gains, economic costs, and landowners' preferences in boreal mire protection.

2021

Private land often encompasses biodiversity features of high conservation value, but its protection is not straightforward. Commonly, landowners’ perspectives are rightfully allowed to influence conservation actions. This unlikely comes without consequences on biodiversity or other aspects such as economic considerations, but these consequences are rarely quantitatively considered in decision-making. In the context of boreal mire protection in Finland, we report how acknowledging landowners’ resistance to protection changes the combination of mires selected to conservation compared to ignoring landowners’ opinions. Using spatial prioritization, we quantify trade-offs arising between the amo…

Value (ethics)Conservation of Natural ResourcesNatural resource economicsGeography Planning and DevelopmentVoluntary conservationBiodiversitysoidensuojeluContext (language use)voluntary conservationtaloudelliset vaikutuksetsuojelualueetzonationSystematic conservation planningEconomic costMireZonationEnvironmental ChemistryHumansconservation policyyksityismaattrade-off analysisEcosystemEcologyResistance (ecology)Conservation policyTrade offsympäristöpolitiikkaGeneral MedicineBiodiversitymaanomistusPrivate land protectionprivate land protectionPolicyBorealAttitudeCosts and Cost AnalysisTrade-off analysissosiaalinen kestävyysBusinessluonnonsuojelusystematic conservation planningResearch ArticleAmbio
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Relationship Between Patient-Reported Outcomes and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Morquio A Syndrome

2019

Abstract This cross-sectional analysis assessed the correlation between patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and clinical outcomes in 24 German patients with Morquio A. Clinical outcomes included 6-minute walk test (6MWT), 3-minute stair climb (3MSC) test, and joint range of motion as measures for endurance/mobility, forced vital capacity (FVC) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) as measures for respiratory function, and height as an important manifestation. The PROs included the EuroQoL (EQ) 5D-5L (EQ5D-5L), to measure health-related QoL (HRQoL), and patients’ rating of their ability to walk, climb, or breathe. In adults, endurance and pulmonary function measures and height showed strong a…

Vital capacitymedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmaximal voluntary ventilationPulmonary function testingFEV1/FVC ratioMaximal Voluntary VentilationPhysical medicine and rehabilitationQuality of lifepatient’s perceptionMorquio A6MWTmedicineRespiratory functionGenetics (clinical)lcsh:R5-920EQ5D-5Lbusiness.industryrespiratory function testsFVCmobilityhumanitiesTest (assessment)quality of lifepatient-reported outcomesPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthPhysical therapyRange of motionbusiness3MSC testlcsh:Medicine (General)physical endurancehuman activitiesmucopolysaccharidosis IVJournal of Inborn Errors of Metabolism and Screening
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