Search results for "wars"

United in the Commonwealth. The participation of Lithuanian troops in the Zborów battle in 1649

2018

Abstract In 1648, an uprising broke out in Ukraine that belonged to Poland at the time. The war was not successful for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The Cossacks and Tartars, who were helping them during the war, surrounded Zbaraż, about whose defense everyone knew in the country. King Jan Kazimierz decided to set out to rescue the besieged fortress. It was decided that not only Polish troops, but also soldiers of Lithuania would set out for Ukraine. Not only state armies, but also private regiments set out to fight. The article discusses the problem of the reasons for the participation of Lithuanians in the war, which was not only due to the provisions of the union, but also to be in…

Anthropology of Political, Social and Cultural Memory: Practices in Central and Eastern Europe: Program & Abstracts : International Scientific Confer…

2020

Implementation of algorithms forK shortest loopless paths

1986

Implementations of loopless k shortest path algorithms are examined. Efficient storage structures for a large number of paths are given. A fast algorithm for determining the shortest paths in Yen's method is developed. Timing experiments show that a hybrid of Clarke's and Yen's methods is generally the fastest, although not significantly. Using upper bounds for the lengths of paths essentially improves all methods.

Local Interactions and the Global City Metropolization in Warsaw

2002

A number of the world's large cities are taking on increasing economic importance in the international arenas because they concentrate high-order activities This metropolization process is a result of the changes occurring in the emerging post-industrial economy, i.e. the rise of services and information. It is based on the combination of proximity interactions and global interactions and it is characterized both by a specific internal spatial pattern and by a large outside area of influence. Since the transition period, services, and particularly high-order services, have grown more rapidly in Poland than in EU countries, as if a catching-up process has been underway. A large part of these…

Défenseurs du roi : la garde de la cour de Versailles et sa réception à la cour de Dresde-Varsovie à la fin du xviie et dans la première moitié du XV…

2021

According to contemporary historiography, the earliest guard units formed in the fifteenth century, at the same time as mercenary armies. Similar units were created throughout Europe, on the French model. Once the French court was transferred to Versailles, it developed a grandiose ceremonial protocol, which shaped the final form of the royal guard. The latter’s tasks were primarily related to the protection of the king and the court, public buildings and important assemblies, as well as royal property and production centres, but also to the distribution of royal mail and broad official functions. In wartime, however, the guard served as elite military units, joining field troops. The model…

Cluster-Based Relocation of Stations for Efficient Forest Fire Management in the Province of Valencia (Spain)

2021

Forest fires are undesirable situations with tremendous impacts on wildlife and people&rsquo

Advanced services and city globalization on the Eastern fringe of Europe

2007

Capital cities in East Central and Eastern European Countries (ECEEC) are changing rapidly. Since the 1990s, the ECEEC capitals have faced the double challenge of the market (the transition process) and of integration in the world economy (the globalization process), which supposes a sufficient development of coordination functions and thus of advanced services concentrated in these cities (city globalization). Their capacity to join the network of global cities is evaluated on the basis of their relative specializations in advanced services and their connections with the rest of the world. The comparative analysis leads to contrasted globalization perspectives. Thus, Budapest, Prague and W…

Polarization and suburbanisation in Warsaw

2001

The economic transition in Poland leads to a restructuration of economic activities which affects spatial patterns of cities, especially in Warsaw. Analyzing the location and re-location of population and employment in Poland’s capital allows to enlarge the debate on the suburbanization forms to the Central and Oriental European Countries. The results support the fact that the city center is still largely the most important district in terms of population andemployment, so that in 1999 the city keeps a strong monocentric character. However, from 1994 to 1999, population and employment move towards the Warsaw’s suburbs. Two significant observations, namely the suburbanization of retailing an…

Early modern trade flows between smaller states : the Portuguese-Swedish trade in the eighteenth century as an example

2015

The eighteenth century was a period of many great power wars and competition for colonies. However, despite the turmoil, smaller nations were able to carve their niches in the international trade of the period. Examination of new sources, used in a comparative fashion, indicates that bilateral trade still has much to offer for the analysis of international trade history. The pattern of bilateral trade between Sweden and Portugal indicates that they were not equally dependent on that trade, and that the products traded varied over time. Usually bulk commodities dominated this trade, as each country focused on its core competencies. Overall, the volume of trade and the number of ships travell…

Latvijos ginkluotųjų pajėgų partizanų daliniai 1919 metais | From Guerrillas to Soldiers: The Activities of Guerrilla Units of the Latvian Army in 19…

2014

On the basis of documents in the Latvian State Archives, this paper discusses the armed struggleagainst the Soviet authorities in Vidzeme, in northern Latgala, and Sela, which took placeduring the Latvian Wars of Independence, and was joined voluntarily by the local populationin an organised way. The discussion tells about the armed guerrilla groups that operated inVidzeme and northern Latgala in 1919, and formed a serious obstacle to the establishmentof Soviet power, the participation of ethnic minorities in guerrilla groups, and the features ofthe guerrilla fighting. The collaboration between Latvian guerrillas and Lithuanian troops, andtheir role in the expulsion of Soviet Latvian troops…