Search results for "waves"

showing 10 items of 1766 documents

Quantitative Phase Imaging in Microscopy Using a Spatial Light Modulator

2010

In this chapter, we present a new method capable of recovery of the quantitative phase information of microscopic samples. Essentially, a spatial light modulator (SLM) and digital image processing are the basics to extract the sample’s phase distribution. The SLM produces a set of misfocused images of the input sample at the CCD plane by displaying a set of lenses with different power at the SLM device. The recorded images are then numerically processed to retrieve phase information. Computations are based on the wave propagation equation and lead to a complex amplitude image containing information of both amplitude and phase distributions of the input sample diffracted wave front. The prop…

WavefrontSpatial light modulatorOpticsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMicroscopyDigital image processingComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONPhase (waves)Digital holographic microscopyPhase retrievalbusinessDigital holography
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Optical phase retrieval using four rotated versions of a single binary amplitude modulating mask

2019

In recent years, phase retrieval methods recovering the phase of an object from coded diffraction patterns have gained popularity. A numerical phase retrieval method called PhaseLift that recovers the phase of an object from a very limited number of coded diffraction patterns was recently proposed. Performance of PhaseLift has been analyzed for different types and the number of masks modulating an object. We present a unique application of PhaseLift that uses four rotations of a single mask, modulating only the amplitude of an object. In simulations, a phase screen with the root-mean-square (RMS) value 0.294  μm was used as the test object. The RMS value of the retrieved phase screen after …

WavefrontZernike polynomialsComputer scienceMechanical EngineeringPhase (waves)Astronomy and AstrophysicsWavefront sensor01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials010309 opticssymbols.namesakeAmplitudeSpace and Planetary ScienceControl and Systems Engineering0103 physical sciencessymbolsPhase retrieval010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationAlgorithmSmoothingPhase-shift keyingJournal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
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<title>Luminescence of intrinsic defects in LiBaF<formula><inf><roman>3</roman></inf></formula></title&g…

2003

A wide emission band in the region of 425 nm is observed in all the examined crystals at photo and ionising irradiation. Maximum of the complex luminescence band is observed at 410 nm at 350 K and at 450 nm at 85 K. The shift of the peak of the band envelope towards shorter wavelengths as the temperature increases is related to thermal dependence of the intensity of elementary components of the luminescence band. The authors suggest that the complex luminescence band arises from electronic excitations at "antisite" defects, i.e., defects caused by stoichiometric deviations, when a portion of Li+ cations (cations of one type of the LiBaF3 crystal lattice) occupy sites of Ba2+ cations (cation…

WavelengthEmission bandMaterials scienceOpticsbusiness.industryThermalIrradiationCrystal structureLuminescencebusinessMolecular physicsStoichiometryEnvelope (waves)SPIE Proceedings
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ON THE BOUSSINESQ HIERARCHY

2002

A new sequence of nonlinear evolution systems satisfying the zero curvature property is constructed, by using the invariant singularity analysis. All these systems are completely integrable and a pseudo-potential (linearization) is explicitly determined for each of them. The second system of the sequence is the Broer-Kaup system, which, as is well known, corresponds to the higher order Boussinesq approximation in describing shallow water waves.

Waves and shallow waterIntegrable systemLinearizationSingularity analysisMathematical analysisBoussinesq approximation (water waves)CurvatureNonlinear evolutionMathematicsWaves and Stability in Continuous Media
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Searching the most appropriate sample pretreatment for the elemental analysis of wines by inductively coupled plasma-based techniques.

2008

Different sample preparation methods were evaluated for the simultaneous multielement analysis of wine samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Microwave-assisted digestion in closed vessel, thermal digestion in open reactor, and direct sample dilution were considered for the determination of Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Y, Mo, Cd, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Tl, Pb, and Bi in 12 samples of red wine from Valencia and Utiel-Requena protected designation of origin. ICP-MS allows the determination of 17 elements in most…

WinebiologyChemistryAnalytical chemistryWineGeneral Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationDecompositionChemistry Techniques AnalyticalMass SpectrometryTrace ElementsElemental analysisInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopySample preparationInductively coupled plasmaGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesMicrowavesValenciaInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometryJournal of agricultural and food chemistry
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A COMPARISON BETWEEN COMBUSTION PHASE INDICATORS FOR OPTIMAL SPARK TIMING

2008

The closed-loop control of internal combustion engine spark timing may be accomplished by means of a combustion phase indicator, i.e., a parameter, derived from in-cylinder pressure analysis, whose variation is mainly referable to combustion phase shift and assumes a fixed reference value under optimal spark timing operation. The aim of the present work is a comparison between different combustion phase indicators, focusing on the performance attainable by a feedback spark timing control, which uses the indicator as pilot variable. An extensive experimental investigation has been carried out, verifying the relationship between indicators’ optimal values and the main engine running parameter…

Work (thermodynamics)Engineeringbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPhase (waves)Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyAerospace EngineeringPressure Combustion Engines Errors Cycles Stress CylindersCombustionlaw.inventionVariable (computer science)Fuel TechnologyPressure measurementSettore ING-IND/08 - Macchine A FluidoNuclear Energy and EngineeringInternal combustion engineControl theorylawSpark (mathematics)Point (geometry)businessSimulation
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Contribution of mode coupling and phase-mixing of Alfv\'en waves to coronal heating

2017

This research has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 647214) and from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. This work used the DiRAC Data Centric system at Durham University, operated by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk. This equipment was funded by a BIS National E-infrastructure capital grant ST/K00042X/1, STFC capital grant ST/K00087X/1, DiRAC Operations grant ST/K003267/1 and Durham University. Context. Phase-mixing of Alfvén waves in the solar corona has been identified as one possible candid…

Work (thermodynamics)Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)corona [Sun]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesNDASSun: Magnetic fieldsContext (language use)Astrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0103 physical sciencesThermalQB AstronomyAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCQB0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsSun: Coronabusiness.industrySun: Oscillationsoscillations [Sun]Astronomy and AstrophysicsCoronal loopMechanicsBoundary layerQC Physicsmagnetic fields [Sun]Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceMode couplingPhysics::Space PhysicsWavesMagnetohydrodynamicsbusinessThermal energy
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Molecular polarizability of Scn, Cn and endohedral Scn@Cm clusters

2002

The interacting induced dipoles polarization model implemented in the program POLAR is used for the calculation of the molecular dipole-dipole polarizability . The method is tested with Sc1-Sc7, Sc12, Sc17, Sc74, C, C12, C60, C70, C82-fullerene, Sc@C60, Sc@C82, Sc2@C82, Sc3@C82, C1-C6, C10, C13, C16, C19, C22, C24, C42, C54, C84 and C96-graphite clusters. The polarizability is an important quantity for the identification of clusters with different numbers of atoms and even for the separation of isomers. The results for the polarizability are of the same order of magnitude as reference calculations performed with another program based on the same formulation. The bulk limit for the polarizab…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceBioengineeringMolecular physicsPolarizabilityPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersCluster (physics)Experimental workGeneral Materials SciencePhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringChemistryMechanical EngineeringDangling bondGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyDipoleMechanics of MaterialsPolarCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsAtomic physicsOrder of magnitudeNanotechnology
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Two relaxation times and thermal nonlinear waves along wires with lateral heat exchange

2021

Abstract We propose a model for studying several nonlinear waves for heat transport along a cylindrical system with lateral non-linear heat transfer to the environment. We consider relaxational equations, each with its own relaxation time, for longitudinal heat transfer and for lateral heat transfer across the wall. We consider two kinds of nonlinear lateral heat transport: radiative heat transport, and flux-limited heat transport. This work generalizes our previous studies in which the relaxation time for the lateral heat transfer was considered equal to that of the longitudinal heat flux. We explore the influence of both relaxation times on the propagation speed of linear and nonlinear wa…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceThermal solitonsRelaxation (NMR)Statistical and Nonlinear PhysicsMechanicsRadiant heatCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesHeat waves010305 fluids & plasmasHeat flux saturationNonlinear systemHeat flux0103 physical sciencesThermalHeat exchangerHeat transferRadiative transferMaxwell–Cattaneo law010306 general physicsAuxiliary equation methodPhysica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
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The polarization dependence of x‐ray photoelectron yield of a Au photocathode

1994

We report a measurement of the total photoelectron yield of gold as a function of the incident x‐ray polarization. Polarized x rays with energies of 2.5, 2.7, and 4.0 keV were used to excite a gold photocathode at a glancing incidence angle between 5° and 50°. Contrary to a previous report, we found no measurable polarization dependence for all three x‐ray energies. We conclude that the modulation factor, i.e., the fractional change of the total yield when the polarization state is varied, is less than 4%.

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopySolid-state physicsChemistryX-rayGeneral Physics and AstronomySynchrotron radiationAtomic physicsPhotoelectric effectPolarization (waves)PhotocathodeModulation factorJournal of Applied Physics
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