Search results for "waves"

showing 10 items of 1766 documents

Deceleration of arbitrarily magnetized GRB ejecta: the complete evolution

2008

(Abridged) We aim to quantitatively understand the dynamical effect and observational signatures of magnetization of the GRB ejecta on the onset of the afterglow. We perform ultrahigh-resolution one-dimensional relativistic MHD simulations of the interaction of a radially expanding, magnetized ejecta with the interstellar medium. The need of ultrahigh numerical resolution derives from the extreme jump conditions in the region of interaction between the ejecta and the circumburst medium. We study the evolution of an ultrarelativistic shell all the way to a the self-similar asymptotic phase. Our simulations show that the complete evolution can be characterized in terms of two parameters, name…

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICAShock wavesMagnetizationsymbols.namesakeGamma rays : bursts; Methods : numerical; Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Shock wavesUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Otras especialidades astronómicasEjectaAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsnumerical [Methods]Magnetic energyAstrophysics (astro-ph)Astronomy and AstrophysicsAfterglowInterstellar mediumLorentz factorbursts [Gamma rays]Space and Planetary SciencesymbolsMagnetohydrodynamicsGamma-ray burst:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Otras especialidades astronómicas [UNESCO]
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Total and linearly polarized synchrotron emission from overpressured magnetized relativistic jets

2018

We present relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations of stationary overpressured magnetized relativistic jets, which are characterized by their dominant type of energy: internal, kinetic, or magnetic. Each model is threaded by a helical magnetic field with a pitch angle of 45° and features a series of recollimation shocks produced by the initial pressure mismatch, whose strength and number varies as a function of the dominant type of energy. We perform a study of the polarization signatures from these models by integrating the radiative transfer equations for synchrotron radiation using as inputs the RMHD solutions. These simulations show a top-down emission asymmetry produced by …

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)active [Galaxies]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesgalaxies [Radio continuum]01 natural sciencesRadio continuum: galaxiesNuclear physicsAstrophysical jet0103 physical sciences010306 general physics010303 astronomy & astrophysicsPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)polarizationnumerical [Methods]Methods: numericalLinear polarizationAstronomy and AstrophysicsGalaxies: activePolarization (waves)Synchrotron emissionGalaxies: jetsSpace and Planetary Sciencejets [Galaxies]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Contribution of phase-mixing of Alfvén waves to coronal heating in multi-harmonic loop oscillations

2018

This research has received funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK) through the consolidated grant ST/N000609/1 and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program ( grant agreement No. 647214). This work is supported by the European Research Council under the SeismoSun Research Project No. 321141 (DJP). This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 724326). This work used the DiRAC Data Centric system at Durham University, operated by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf o…

Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)corona [Sun]010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAstrophysics7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesCoronal heatingQB AstronomyRESONANT ABSORPTIONAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsQASun: magnetic fields010303 astronomy & astrophysicsQCQBSun: helioseismologymedia_commonPhysicsoscillations [Sun]European researchAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsKINK OSCILLATIONSmagnetic fields [Sun]MHD WAVESAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsPhysical SciencesPhysics::Space Physicsatmosphere [Sun]INSTABILITYDirac (software)NDASTRACELibrary scienceAstronomy & AstrophysicsComputer Science::Digital Librariesmagnetohydrodynamics (MHD)0103 physical sciencesmedia_common.cataloged_instancewavesQA Mathematicshelioseismology [Sun]Sun: oscillationsEuropean unionPhase mixing0105 earth and related environmental sciencesScience & TechnologySun: coronaSEISMOLOGYAstronomy and AstrophysicsPhysics::History of PhysicsQC PhysicsSpace and Planetary ScienceWavesTRANSVERSE OSCILLATIONSAstronomy & Astrophysics
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Spin-orbital polarization of Majorana edge states in oxides nanowires

2020

We investigate a paradigmatic case of topological superconductivity in a one-dimensional nanowire with $d-$orbitals and a strong interplay of spin-orbital degrees of freedom due to the competition of orbital Rashba interaction, atomic spin-orbit coupling, and structural distortions. We demonstrate that the resulting electronic structure exhibits an orbital dependent magnetic anisotropy which affects the topological phase diagram and the character of the Majorana bound states (MBSs). The inspection of the electronic component of the MBSs reveals that the spin-orbital polarization generally occurs along the direction of the applied Zeeeman magnetic field, and transverse to the magnetic and or…

Majorana polarization oxides superconductivityFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSuperconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electronssymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesBound stateMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)010306 general physicsPhysicsZeeman effectCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Condensed Matter - Superconductivitysuperconductivity021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Magnetic fieldMagnetic anisotropyMAJORANAoxidesDensity of statessymbolsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics0210 nano-technologyMajorana polarizationExcitation
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Attentional processes in typically developing children as revealed using brain event-related potentials and their source localization in Attention Ne…

2019

AbstractAttention-related processes include three functional sub-components: alerting, orienting, and inhibition. We investigated these components using EEG-based, brain event-related potentials and their neuronal source activations during the Attention Network Test in typically developing school-aged children. Participants were asked to detect the swimming direction of the centre fish in a group of five fish. The target stimulus was either preceded by a cue (centre, double, or spatial) or no cue. An EEG using 128 electrodes was recorded for 83 children aged 12–13 years. RTs showed significant effects across all three sub-components of attention. Alerting and orienting (responses to double …

Male0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentlcsh:MedicineElectroencephalographyStimulus (physiology)AudiologyArticlecognitive neuroscience03 medical and health sciencesTypically developingSpatial Processing0302 clinical medicineEvent-related potentialAttention networkmedicineHumansAttentiontarkkaavaisuusChildlcsh:SciencePrefrontal cortexEvoked PotentialsOrientation SpatialMultidisciplinarymedicine.diagnostic_testlcsh:RElectroencephalographyBrain WavesMagnetic Resonance ImagingTemporal Lobeattention030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureScalpFemalelcsh:Qkognitiivinen neurotiedeOccipital LobeCuesPsychologyOccipital lobe030217 neurology & neurosurgeryScientific Reports
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Influence of GSM signals on human peripheral lymphocytes: study of genotoxicity.

2013

Exposure to radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) is continuously increasing worldwide. Yet, conflicting results of a possible genotoxic effect of RF EMF continue to be discussed. In the present study, a possible genotoxic effect of RF EMF (GSM, 1,800 MHz) in human lymphocytes was investigated by a collaboration of six independent institutes (institutes a, b, c, d, e, h). Peripheral blood of 20 healthy, nonsmoking volunteers of two age groups (10 volunteers 16-20 years old and 10 volunteers 50-65 years old) was taken, stimulated and intermittently exposed to three specific absorption rates (SARs) of RF EMF (0.2 W/kg, 2 W/kg, 10 W/kg) and sham for 28 h (institute a). The exposures…

MaleAdolescentEndpoint DeterminationRadio WavesBiophysicsmedicine.disease_causeRadiation DosageChromosome aberrationAge groupsSurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLymphocytesRadiationbusiness.industryMutagenicity TestsAge FactorsMiddle AgedPeripheral bloodPeripheralNuclear medicinebusinessLaboratoriesGenotoxicityCell PhoneRadiation research
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Objective Extraction of Evoked Event-Related Oscillation from Time-Frequency Representation of Event-Related Potentials

2020

Evoked event-related oscillations (EROs) have been widely used to explore the mechanisms of brain activities for both normal people and neuropsychiatric disease patients. In most previous studies, the calculation of the regions of evoked EROs of interest is commonly based on a predefined time window and a frequency range given by the experimenter, which tends to be subjective. Additionally, evoked EROs sometimes cannot be fully extracted using the conventional time-frequency analysis (TFA) because they may be overlapped with each other or with artifacts in time, frequency, and space domains. To further investigate the related neuronal processes, a novel approach was proposed including three…

MaleArticle SubjectDatabases FactualsignaalinkäsittelysignaalianalyysiNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryElectroencephalographyBrain WavesElectrooculographyYoung AdultHumansFemaleEEGEvoked PotentialsRC321-571Research ArticleNeural Plasticity
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Characterization of oscillatory changes in hippocampus and amygdala after deep brain stimulation of the infralimbic prefrontal cortex

2016

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a new investigational therapy that has generated positive results in refractory depression. Although the neurochemical and behavioral effects of DBS have been examined, less attention has been paid to the influence of DBS on the network dynamics between different brain areas, which could contribute to its therapeutic effects. Herein, we set out to identify the effects of 1 h DBS in the infralimbic cortex (IL) on the oscillatory network dynamics between hippocampus and basolateral amygdala (BLA), two regions implicated in depression and its treatment. Urethane-anesthetized rats with bilaterally implanted electrodes in the IL were exposed to 1 h constant stimul…

MaleCentral Nervous System0301 basic medicineTime FactorsPhysiologyDeep Brain Stimulationmedicine.medical_treatmentHippocampusAntidepressantLocal field potentialElectroencephalographyHippocampus0302 clinical medicineNeural PathwaysNeural Circuits and SystemsBrain oscillationsmutual informationPrefrontal cortexOriginal Researchlocal field potentialBehavior Animalmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryElectroencephalographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedAmygdalamodulatory indexmedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiaDeep brain stimulationbrain oscillationsInfralimbic cortexPrefrontal CortexAmygdalaNeurological Conditions Disorders and Treatments03 medical and health sciencesPhysiology (medical)medicineAnimalsRats WistarCognitive and Behavioural NeuroscienceModulatory indexLocal field potentialBrain WavesMutual information030104 developmental biologynervous systemNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBasolateral amygdala
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Naturalistic music and dance: Cortical phase synchrony in musicians and dancers

2018

Expertise in music has been investigated for decades and the results have been applied not only in composition, performance and music education, but also in understanding brain plasticity in a larger context. Several studies have revealed a strong connection between auditory and motor processes and listening to and performing music, and music imagination. Recently, as a logical next step in music and movement, the cognitive and affective neuro-sciences have been directed towards expertise in dance. To understand the versatile and overlapping processes during artistic stimuli, such as music and dance, it is necessary to study them with continuous naturalistic stimuli. Thus, we used long exce…

MaleCentral Nervous Systemkognitiomusic perceptionDancePhysiologytanssiEmotionsSocial Scienceslcsh:Medicinemusculoskeletal systemContemporary danceNervous Systemtuki- ja liikuntaelimetBAND0302 clinical medicinehavainnointiMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologymusic cognitionBRAINlcsh:SciencekiihtyvyysCerebral CortexClinical NeurophysiologyBrain MappingMultidisciplinaryMusic psychologyPhysics05 social sciencesClassical MechanicsSENSORIMOTOR SYNCHRONIZATIONMusic and movementFUNCTIONAL-ROLEElectrophysiologySilenceBioassays and Physiological AnalysisBrain ElectrophysiologyPhysical Sciencesta6131FemaleSensory PerceptionAnatomyPsychologyelectroencephalographyResearch ArticleCognitive psychologyAdult515 PsychologyImaging TechniqueskeskushermostomusiikkiNeurophysiologybioakustiikkaMIRROR-NEURON SYSTEMNeuroimagingContext (language use)Research and Analysis Methodsta3112050105 experimental psychologybioacousticsYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesTHETA-SYNCHRONIZATIONtunteetOSCILLATIONSHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesActive listeningDancingPERCEPTIONDESYNCHRONIZATIONElectrophysiological Techniqueslcsh:RCognitive PsychologyBiology and Life SciencesAcousticsaccelerationliikeMusic educationBrain WavesElectrophysiological PhenomenaALPHAaivokuoriAcoustic StimulationCognitive Science516 Educational scienceslcsh:QClinical MedicineMusic030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePLOS ONE
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Assessment of radiofrequency exposure from cellular telephone daily use in an epidemiological study: German Validation study of the international cas…

2004

The objective of the study is to validate self-reported cellular phone use information by comparing it with the cumulative emitted power and duration of calls measured by software-modified cellular phones (SMP). The information was obtained using a questionnaire developed for the international case-control study on the risk of the use of mobile phones in tumours of the brain or salivary gland (INTERPHONE-study).The study was conducted in Bielefeld, Germany. Volunteers were asked to use SMPs instead of their own cellular phones for a period of 1 month. The SMP recorded the power emitted by the mobile phone handset during each base station contact. Information on cellular phone use for the sa…

MaleEngineeringmedicine.medical_specialtyValidation studyTime FactorsEpidemiologyRadio WavesToxicologyGermanAutomationGermanySurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologymedicineHumansExposure assessmentbusiness.industryData CollectionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCase-control studyReproducibility of ResultsConfounding Factors EpidemiologicEnvironmental exposureEnvironmental ExposurePollutionlanguage.human_languageCellular telephoneCase-Control StudiesEmergency medicinelanguageFemalebusinessTelecommunicationsCell PhoneSoftwareJournal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology
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