Search results for "waves"

showing 10 items of 1766 documents

Microwave-Assisted Tandem Organocatalytic Peptide-Coupling Intramolecular aza-Michael Reaction: α,β-UnsaturatedN-Acyl Pyrazoles as Michael Acceptors

2014

Conjugated N-acyl pyrazoles have been successfully employed in the organocatalytic enantioselective intramolecular aza-Michael reaction as ester surrogates. Bifunctional squaramides under microwave irradiation provided the best results in this transformation. Furthermore, this protocol has been combined with a peptide-coupling reaction in a tandem sequence. The final products were easily converted into the corresponding ethyl esters.

Molecular StructureChemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisEstersStereoisomerismStereoisomerismGeneral ChemistryConjugated systemAmidesCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundOrganocatalysisIntramolecular forceMichael reactionPyrazolesMicrowavesPeptidesBifunctionalChemistry - A European Journal
researchProduct

Wave dynamics and turbulence in multimode optical systems

2021

The subject of this thesis essentially focuses on the experimental and theoretical study of optical turbulence in different types of nonlinear media. The first part of the manuscript is devoted to the study of thermalization and condensation of optical waves during their propagation in graded-index multimode fibers. The analysis based on the wave turbulence theory reveals that the disorder inherent to light propagation in an optical fiber induces a significant acceleration of the process of optical thermalization, which can clarify the mechanism of certain regimes of spatial beam cleaning recently reported in the literature. We show experimentally that the optical field relaxes during its p…

Multimode optical fibersNonlinear opticsWave condensationFibres optiques multimodesThermalisation d’ondes incohérentes[PHYS.PHYS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]Wave turbulenceOptique non linéaireThermalization of incoherent wavesSolitonsCondensation d’ondesTurbulence d’ondes
researchProduct

Multivariate-Analysis of Phytoplankton and Related Environmental-Factors, in a Shallow Hypertrophic Lake

1995

Data on some relevant environmental variables and phytoplankton species composition, collected from the hypertrophic shallow lake Albufera of Valencia (Spain) during 1980-88, were examined using Redundancy Analysis (RDA). The hydrological cycle of the lake is manipulated for rice cultivation in the area. Seasonality and the particular hydrological cycle of the lake were the principal factors influencing long-term phytoplankton dynamics. Annual or horizontal differences were less important than the seasonal factor. However, a trend of phosphate increase and underwater illumination decrease was observed between 1980 and 1988. These changes might be related to some species year-to-year variati…

Multivariate analysisEcologyfungiEnvironmental factorSampling (statistics)Aquatic ScienceSeasonalitymedicine.diseasemedicine.disease_causeWaves and shallow waterPhytoplanktonmedicineEnvironmental sciencePhysical geographyWater cycleEutrophicationHydrobiologia
researchProduct

Background Correction and Multivariate Curve Resolution of Online Liquid Chromatography with Infrared Spectrometric Detection

2011

J.K. acknowledges the “V Segles” grant provided by the University of Valencia to carry out this study. Authors acknowledge the financial support of Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Projects AGL2007-64567 and CTQ2008-05719/BQU) and Conselleria d'Educació de la Generalitat Valenciana (Project PROMETEO 2010-055).

Multivariate statisticsPrincipal Component AnalysisChromatographySpectrophotometry InfraredInfraredChemistryAnalytical chemistrySubtractionPhase (waves)CarbohydratesSignalAnalytical ChemistryNitrophenolsNitrophenolchemistry.chemical_compoundPrincipal component analysisLeast-Squares AnalysisAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)AlgorithmsChromatography High Pressure LiquidSoftware
researchProduct

Multivariate correlation measures reveal structure and strength of brain–body physiological networks at rest and during mental stress

2021

In this work, we extend to the multivariate case the classical correlation analysis used in the field of network physiology to probe dynamic interactions between organ systems in the human body. To this end, we define different correlation-based measures of the multivariate interaction (MI) within and between the brain and body subnetworks of the human physiological network, represented, respectively, by the time series of delta, theta, alpha, and beta electroencephalographic (EEG) wave amplitudes, and of heart rate, respiration amplitude, and pulse arrival time (PAT) variability. MI is computed: (i) considering all variables in the two subnetworks to evaluate overall brain–body interaction…

Multivariate statisticsTechnology and EngineeringElectroencephalographybrain-heart connectionNetwork topologynetwork physiologylcsh:RC321-571Correlation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinewearable devicesMedicine and Health SciencesmedicineMultiple correlationSubnetworklcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatryinformation theory030304 developmental biologyMathematicsOriginal Researchphysiological stressbrain-body interactionsNetwork physiology brain–heart connection cardiovascular oscillations EEG waves physiological stress time series analysis wearable devices0303 health sciencesnetwork physiology; brain-heart connection; cardiovascular oscillations; EEG waves; physiological stressmedicine.diagnostic_testPulse (signal processing)General NeuroscienceCardiorespiratory fitnessbrain–heart connectionMathematics and Statisticscardiovascular oscillationsnetworkstime series analysisphysiologySettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEEG wavesNeuroscience
researchProduct

Measuring frequency domain granger causality for multiple blocks of interacting time series

2011

In the past years, several frequency-domain causality measures based on vector autoregressive time series modeling have been suggested to assess directional connectivity in neural systems. The most followed approaches are based on representing the considered set of multiple time series as a realization of two or three vector-valued processes, yielding the so-called Geweke linear feedback measures, or as a realization of multiple scalar-valued processes, yielding popular measures like the directed coherence (DC) and the partial DC (PDC). In the present study, these two approaches are unified and generalized by proposing novel frequency-domain causality measures which extend the existing meas…

Multivariate statisticsTime FactorsGeneral Computer ScienceLogarithmScalar (mathematics)Complex systemTopologyModels BiologicalNeurophysiological time serieBlock-based connectivity analysiGranger causalityStatisticsHumansComputer SimulationDirected coherenceMathematicsNumerical analysisPartial directed coherenceBrainElectroencephalographyVector autoregressive (VAR) modelBrain WavesCausalityAutoregressive modelFrequency domainComputer ScienceSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaGranger causalityAlgorithmsBiotechnologyBiological Cybernetics
researchProduct

Effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with vaginal laxity: A study protocol

2021

Background Vaginal laxity is an underreported condition that negatively affects women’s sexual function and their relationships. Evidence-based studies are needed to better understand this complaint and to discuss its treatment options. Thus, we present a study protocol to compare the effect of radiofrequency and pelvic floor muscle training in the treatment of women with complaints of vaginal laxity. Methods/Design This is a prospective, parallel-group, two-arm, randomized clinical trial (Registry: RBR-2zdvfp–REBEC). Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups of intervention (Radiofrequency or Pelvic Floor Muscle Training). The study will be performed in the Urogyneco…

Muscle PhysiologyMuscle FunctionsPhysiologyRadio WavesMaternal HealthAmbulatory Care Facilitieslaw.inventionUrogynecologyStudy ProtocolLabor and DeliveryRandomized controlled trialQuality of lifelawMedicine and Health SciencesOutpatient clinicRegistriesMultidisciplinaryQRObstetrics and Gynecologymedicine.anatomical_structureVaginaMedicineMuscle Contractionmedicine.medical_specialtyDrug Research and DevelopmentUrologyScienceSurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresResearch and Analysis MethodsPelvic Floor MuscleIntervention (counseling)medicineClinical TrialsOutpatient ClinicsPharmacologyIncontinencebusiness.industryBiology and Life SciencesPelvic FloorRandomized Controlled TrialsHealth CareHealth Care FacilitiesPhysical therapyQuality of LifeBirthWomen's HealthSelf ReportClinical MedicineSexual functionbusinessPLoS ONE
researchProduct

Higher order Peregrine breathers solutions to the NLS equation

2015

The solutions to the one dimensional focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) can be written as a product of an exponential depending on t by a quotient of two polynomials of degree N (N + 1) in x and t. These solutions depend on 2N − 2 parameters : when all these parameters are equal to 0, we obtain the famous Peregrine breathers which we call PN breathers. Between all quasi-rational solutions of the rank N fixed by the condition that its absolute value tends to 1 at infinity and its highest maximum is located at the point (x = 0, t = 0), the PN breather is distinguished by the fact that PN (0, 0) = 2N + 1. We construct Peregrine breathers of the rank N explicitly for N ≤ 11. We give …

NLS equationHistoryDegree (graph theory)BreatherPeregrine breathersMathematical analysis[ MATH.MATH-MP ] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]rogue wavesAbsolute value (algebra)Rank (differential topology)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationExponential functionsymbols.namesake[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]symbolsOrder (group theory)[MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]PACS numbers : 33Q55 37K10 47.10A- 47.35.Fg 47.54.BdNonlinear Schrödinger equationQuotientMathematicsMathematical physicsJournal of Physics: Conference Series
researchProduct

Hierarchy of solutions to the NLS equation and multi-rogue waves.

2014

The solutions to the one dimensional focusing nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) are given in terms of determinants. The orders of these determinants are arbitrarily equal to 2N for any nonnegative integer $N$ and generate a hierarchy of solutions which can be written as a product of an exponential depending on t by a quotient of two polynomials of degree N(N+1) in x and t. These solutions depend on 2N-2 parameters and can be seen as deformations with 2N-2 parameters of the Peregrine breather P_{N} : when all these parameters are equal to 0, we recover the P_{N} breather whose the maximum of the module is equal to 2N+1. Several conjectures about the structure of the solutions are given.

NLS equationHistorywronskiansDegree (graph theory)Breatherrogue waves.Mathematical analysisPeregrine breathers[ MATH.MATH-MP ] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]rogue waves33Q55 37K10 47.10A- 47.35.Fg 47.54.BdComputer Science ApplicationsEducationExponential functionsymbols.namesakeInteger[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Product (mathematics)symbols[MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Rogue waveNonlinear Schrödinger equationQuotientMathematics
researchProduct

Families of deformations of the thirteen peregrine breather solutions to the NLS equation depending on twenty four parameters

2017

International audience; We go on with the study of the solutions to the focusing one dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS). We construct here the thirteen's Peregrine breather (P13 breather) with its twenty four real parameters, creating deformation solutions to the NLS equation. New families of quasirational solutions to the NLS equation in terms of explicit ratios of polynomials of degree 182 in x and t multiplied by an exponential depending on t are obtained. We present characteristic patterns of the modulus of these solutions in the (x; t) plane, in function of the different parameters.

NLS equationNonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable SystemsPeregrine breather[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]MSC: 35Q55 37K10Rogue waves[ MATH.MATH-MP ] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph][MATH.MATH-MP] Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Nonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and Solitons
researchProduct