Search results for "wheat"

Gluten Intolerance and Sensitivityin the Elderly.

2020

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy in genetically predisposed individuals caused by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals. CD is further characterized by variable clinical presentation, specific serum autoantibody response and a variable degree of damage in the small intestinal mucosa. HLA molecules DQ2 (90%–95%) and DQ8 (5%–10%) are associated with CD, and in the continued presence of gluten the disease is self-perpetuating. Regarding clinical presentation, CD patients may complain of not only gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, but also extraintestinal symptoms, and most importantly they may often be asymptomatic (“silent” CD). In recent years, several reports …

Molecular Mobility in Glassy Bread: A Multispectroscopy Approach

1999

ABSTRACT The molecular mobility in low-moisture (<9%, web) white bread was studied as a function of temperature using pulsed-proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and dielectric and dynamic mechanical spectroscopies. The water was mobile, even in glassy samples. Different processes below glass transition temperature (sub-Tg) were observed, and a relaxation map of the studied system was drawn. These results have been interpreted and extrapolated to suggest that the Tg is not a universal predictive parameter for the physical stability of glassy food.

Recent Advances in Biotechnological Methods for Wheat Gluten Immunotoxicity Abolishment – a Review

2021

Due to the increasing incidence of gluten intolerance, researchers are focusing on finding ways to eliminate immunotoxicity of wheat, this would allow the use of wheat products for gluten-intolerant consumers. The article reviews recent studies on biotechnological methods to eliminate and reduce the immunogenicity of wheat products. So far, many gluten removal methods have been proposed, but their efficacy levels were quite different. Enzymatic treatment of gluten fragments can be considered the simplest and non-invasive tool to eliminate the toxicity of gliadins and glutenins. For this purpose, various endogenous enzymes derived from cereals, and also those of bacterial, fungal, plant, and…

Evaluation of matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction for multi-mycotoxin determination in different flours using LC-MS/MS

2011

An existing matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) method for aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) extraction was extended by further 14 mycotoxins. After it careful optimization, this method was applied to determine the occurrence of these mycotoxins on commercial flour samples (with different cereals composition) collected from local markets. In a total of 49 samples investigated, 9 mycotoxins were identified. Nivalenol (NIV) and Beauvericin (BEA) were the mycotoxins found most frequently. The samples that presented major contamination were wheat flours and bakery preparations. Despite of the great number of positives finding, only one wheat flour sample exceeded the maximum limits (ML) …

Changes in ochratoxin A and type B trichothecenes contained in wheat flour during dough fermentation and bread baking processes

2009

Ochratoxin A (OTA) and type B trichothecenes are mycotoxins that occur frequently in cereals and thus can be found in cereal by-products such as bread. The aim of this work was to study the variation of the levels of OTA, deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and nivalenol (NIV) during the bread-making process. This was done by using wheat flour spiked with different levels of toxins. Mycotoxin levels were controlled after fermentation of the dough with yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and after further baking at different temperature-time combinations. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the results showed a significant reduction in OTA level (p < 0.05) during fermentation of …

Rese e qualità del grano duro in coltivazione biologica.

2014

Le migliori varietà in prova di frumento duro biologico.

2012

Varietà di grano duro per la coltivazione in bio.

2013

Duodenal and Rectal Mucosa Inflammation in Patients With Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivity

2019

Background &amp; Aims: Studies of non-celiac gluten or wheat sensitivity (NCGWS) have increased but there are no biomarkers of this disorder. We aimed to evaluate histologic features of colon and rectal tissues from patients with NCGWS. Methods: We performed a prospective study of 78 patients (66 female; mean age, 36.4 years) diagnosed with NCGWS by double-blind wheat challenge at 2 tertiary care centers in Italy, from January 2015 through September 2016. Data were also collected from 55 patients wither either celiac disease or self-reported NCGWS but negative results from the wheat-challenge test (non-NCGWS controls). Duodenal and rectal biopsies were collected and analyzed by immunohistoc…

Nomenclature and diagnosis of gluten-related disorders: A position statement by the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopi…

2017

Abstract Background “Gluten-related disorders” is a term that encompasses different diseases induced by the ingestion of gluten-containing food. Because of their incidence the scientific community has been intensively studying them. Aim To support gastroenterologists with a correct nomenclature and diagnostic approach to gluten-related disorders in adulthood. Methods The Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO) commissioned a panel of experts to prepare a position statement clarifying the nomenclature and diagnosis of gluten-related disorders, focusing on those of gastroenterological interest. Each member was assigned a task and levels of evidence/recommen…